本論文では放射温度計で測定される植物葉温の検討が行われた.環境要因の入力による植物生体内水分の同定が静電容量の情報を基にし, 葉温情報を活用することにより厳密になされることを確認した.一般に50%RHなどの低湿度ではタバコの葉温はキュウリの葉温と異なり, 光の入力に対して振動をおこす.タバコ葉温の振動パターンはラプラス変換におけるSの二次遅れであり, その等価時定数は湿度設定値が低いほど, 温度設定値が高いほど速かった.これに反してキュウリ葉温の応答はSの一次遅れであった.葉温情報は静電容量による生体内水分情報と同様に, 植物の生体制御のモニタとして利用でき, さらに生体を最適制御するには必要不可欠のものである.

抄録全体を表示

If high pressure(almost 2000 atm. or so)has been applied to any plant cells(Tradescantia), its plasmolysis suffers some difficulty.
This may be ascribed to the abatement of difference ofas motic pressure due to augmented permeability of plasma membrane by high pressure.

抄録全体を表示

In case any living staining of plant cell (Trades cantia, Allium cepa, Spirogyra) should be observed as pH-indicator, the pH of neutral red solution increases, owing to high pressure.

抄録全体を表示

When Spirogyra arcta is dipped in several organic solvents, which bring about the plasmopty-sis, gallic acid and methyl gallate are detected by using 70% methanol, but gallic acid and ethyl gallate are by 70% ethanol. When absolute methanol, 70% propanol and acetone or 70% methanol after the pretreatment with 0.4 M sucrose solution are used, the plasmoptysis in not observed, and gallic acid and methyl gallate are not produced but spirogyra tannin is detected always on the paper chromatogram (Fig. 1). These phenomena are stopped by the steaming of Spirogyra arcta.
By the hydrolysis of spirogyra tannin, which is purified by the method of counter current distribution (Fig. 2), with 5% sulfuric acid or tannase, which is prepared from Asp. niger, glucose is detected alone as the sugar in depside-type tannin.
From above results, it is, therefore, concluded that the becoming of the gallic acid and methyl gallate are due to the enzymatic action of the spitted active plasma at the extraction of tannin from Spirogyra areta by using 70% methanol, and that the spirogyra tannin is the depside-type tannin, which consists of gallic acid and glucose.

抄録全体を表示

本研究はニンジンの生育時および貯蔵中における硝酸塩含量と硝酸還元酵素活性の変化について調べたものである。
(1) 生育中硝酸塩含量は葉柄が最も多く, 生育中期には小葉の3倍, 根の6倍量もあった。 葉柄, 小葉では硝酸塩含量は生育するに伴い減少したが, 根はほとんど変化しなかった。
(2) 生育中の酵素活性は小葉が最も高く, 葉柄, 根の順であった。
(3) 生育の中期および後期に葉のついたまま20℃に貯蔵すると, 硝酸塩量は葉柄の部分で少し減るが小葉, 根は変化がなかった。このときの酵素活性は, 小葉で貯蔵初期に急減し, 以後も漸次減少したが, 葉柄, 根では変化がなかった。
(4) ニンジンの根を0℃でCA貯蔵 (CO₂3%, O₂3%) したときの硝酸塩量は, 普通空気区よりも減少する傾向がみられるが, 貯蔵末期では大体同じ値になった。
(5) ニンジンの還元型アスコルビン酸について生育中および貯蔵中の含量をみたが, 硝酸塩量との間に特に関係はみられなかった。

抄録全体を表示

The aim of this paper is to determine experimentally the elemental data regarding the short term growth of plants when two mechanical stimuli -low frequency vibration and artificial wind- are given to plants during a short period. Accordingly, a basic study was carried out determining experimentally the moisture transport quantity in the plant, suggesting a macroscopic moisture transport model based on the experimental result, and attempting a fundamental elucidation of the moisture transport mechanism. The plant used as the experimental target was the golden pothos (a kind of foliage plant) which can grow by water culture throughout the year. The moisture transport quantity in the plant was measured after the application of low frequency vibration and artificial wind to the plant. The results demonstrated that the addition of mechanical stimulation by wind and vibration was related to an increase of the amount of water transported in the plant. Furthermore, an electronic circuit model, which is a moisture transport model of the plant inside, was constructed with a transistor. It was confirmed that this model could express the measured value of water rising in the plant in terms of the difference between the two mechanical stimuli.

抄録全体を表示