本論では，意思決定問題の構造化された記述である問題定義を，実体―関連モデルの拡張に基づいた方式（GERM）に基づきXMLを利用して記述する形式を提案する．この提案形式は，クラスレベル（XGERM），具体例レベル（XGERMインスタンス）と呼ばれる2つの階層で記述される．このアプローチは，問題の領域やターゲットとなる数理モデルに依存しない．いずれのレベルの記述に対してもXMLで記述可能であることを示し，

を利用して，その形式的妥当性を検証できる．XGERMは31種類のタグから構成され，これに対する は，ユニークに定義することが可能である．XGERMインスタンスのタグは不定であり， を事前に準備することはできないが，クラスレベルの記述であるXGERMから自動生成することが可能である． を利用することで，形式的妥当性を検証するために既存のXMLパーサーを利用することができ，専用のプログラムを開発する必要がない．妥当性検証済みのXGERMインスタンスは，ソルバー起動に必要な入力データに変換可能であると考えられる．

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In distributed computing environments, there are many database applications that should share data each other such as data warehousing and data mining with autonomy on local databases. The first step to such applications is the integration of heterogeneous database schema, but there is no accepted common data model for the integration and also are difficulties on the construction of integration program. This paper approaches to automatic elements matching between XML application schemas using similarity measure and relaxation labeling to integrate marine geographic database. For an optimal matching, contextual constraints were used in the relaxation labeling method.

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Since 1997, the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP) stations have used a text-based data format. The main drawback of this type of data coding is the lack of data integrity during the data flow processing. As a result, metadata and even data must be checked by human operators. In this paper, we propose a new format for representing the GGP data. This new format is based on the eXtensible Markup Language (XML).

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 著者らは歯科診療情報，特に歯と歯との関係や歯と補綴物との関係を電子的に記述するために，ontologyを意識しつつ歯科所見を分析し，UMLにてモデルの整理考察を行い，最終的には

で定式化した．その際，関係classの設置とcode schemaの応用とによって，classの種類を極少化することとした．その結果，三つの中核class (substance, relatedObject, relation)という小さな構成で，粒度非限定，ユースケース非限定，普遍的表現力，他体系からの易被包摂性という四つの特質を獲得するに至った．加えて，仮想体の表現や情報の定義をも可能とするよう設計している．本成果の応用可能範囲は，歯科に限らないことは無論，診療用途のみならず学術用途にも応用しうる．本研究は厚生科学研究助成(H12-医療-009：12180103)の支援のもとに実施された．

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著者らは、意思決定問題の構造化された記述である問題定義の方法として、実体_-_関連概念を拡張して利用するGERMアプローチを提案してきたが、これまで具体的記述言語をもたなかった。本論では、このGERM による問題定義を実現するために、XML による記述形式を提案し、その概略を述べる。 を利用することで、GERM による問題定義の形式的首尾一貫性を実現することができる。また、問題の具体的数値事例（インスタンス）を記述するためのスキーマを、この問題定義記述から生成することも可能となる。インスタンスはこのスキーマによって妥当なものとなる。

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XML システム再利用化促進による生産性向上のため、関連するXML スキーマ、XML インスタンス、XML アプリケーションの情報が登録できるXML リポジトリを提案する。

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Currently, because of the rapid progress of broadband network and the rise of digital collection, there is a great demand for the establishment of system for smooth management. One institution may hold different types of resources, use different types of metadata formats and manage different digital objects (image, video, picture, and so on). It was crucial to be able to categorize them, so an effective and easy metadata system was needed. Thus, when designing a metadata system, one should not base it on a particular format. Rather, it is more appropriate for system designers to use XML as a core that would be capable of handling various metadata formats. This paper will discuss issues related to the development of metadata system and introduce the features, structure, functions and use.

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本稿ではXMLの基礎として,まずXMLの構造やその記述の仕方について述べる。XMLはタグを使用して,XMLデータの記述内容を要素や属性によって表現する。XMLはSGMLという規格から,Webでの使用,処理パフォーマンスの向上,整形式や名前空間への対応といった点で改善が計られている。XMLは汎用的なデータ記述言語であるとはいえ,その記述内容を規定するスキーマの存在が必要である。スキーマを記述するためのスキーマ言語として,DTDと の2つを取り上げ,両者の特徴及び比較した結果について述べる。

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Utilization of XML techniques is seen as a necessary step towards more powerful ways of incorporating semantics into data exchange used by heterogeneous systems. In this paper various techniques are studied and tried, such as XSL transformations (XSLT) and ways of extending the contents of XML Schemas, the final aim being in creating an understanding of the possibilities, and a roadmap that could possibly lead to some useful real-world applications. Based on a materials database an is specified that defines the structure of an XML document capable of representing quite complex materials test data together with mandatory metadata. Some approaches are discussed and some of them implemented in prototypes to study the possibilities to comply with and use MatML in order to support sharing of experimentally measured materials data.

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「日本研究のための歴史情報」プロジェクトでは、明治以降の近代法体系に基づく全法令のオープンデータベースシステムの構築を目指している。その最初の作業として、日本国憲法施行以前の法律と勅令のデータベース化に取り組んでいる。日本政府の「e-Gov法令検索」は、データ利活用の観点から、法令標準XMLスキーマに従った現行法令のデータを提供している。本プロジェクトでも、共通規格として、このスキーマに準拠する方針である。しかし、このスキーマは、その策定時（2017年）において有効な法令の文書構造を記述できるように設計されたため、日本国憲法施行以前の法律や勅令に適合することは担保されていない。本報告は、明治19年から大正10年までの法律・勅令の文書構造を分析した結果をもとに、法令標準XMLスキーマに対して追加・変更が必要な事項と、同スキーマが対象としていない上諭の構造化に必要な事項を示す。

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Data and information exchange are crucial for any kind of scientific research activities and are becoming more and more important. The comparison between different data sets and different disciplines creates new data, adds value, and finally accumulates knowledge. Also the distribution and accessibility of research results is an important factor for international work. The gas hydrate research community is dispersed across the globe and therefore, a common technical communication language or format is strongly demanded. The CODATA Gas Hydrate Data Task Group is creating the Gas Hydrate Markup Language (GHML), a standard based on the Extensible Markup Language (XML) to enable the transport, modeling, and storage of all manner of objects related to gas hydrate research. GHML initially offers an easily deducible content because of the text-based encoding of information, which does not use binary data. The result of these investigations is a custom-designed application schema, which describes the features, elements, and their properties, defining all aspects of Gas Hydrates.
One of the components of GHML is the "Field Data" module, which is used for all data and information coming from the field. It considers international standards, particularly the standards defined by the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) and the OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium). Various related standards were analyzed and compared with our requirements (in particular the Geographic Markup Language (ISO19136, GML) and the whole ISO19000 series). However, the requirements demanded a quick solution and an XML application schema readable for any scientist without a background in information technology. Therefore, ideas, concepts and definitions have been used to build up the modules of GHML without importing any of these Markup languages. This enables a comprehensive schema and simple use.

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RRD (Robot Resource Definition) is a data schema which defines the data format for expressing without depending on a robot maker for the resource information of the robot which changes with a maker or models. In ORiN, RRD offers a robot data model peculiar to each maker to application. RRD is defined by and resource data is described by XML. In this report, it introduces about specification of RRD, and description of resource data.

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XML Encryption is used for partially encrypting XML data to provide end-to-end confidentiality in multi-hop web services. An intermediary along the message path cannot perform schema validation on encrypted XML data because the data structure is changed by the partial encryption. To perform schema validation, it is required to provide a post-encryption schema. However, generating a post-encryption schema is not accomplished by simple replacement of element declarations because we have to consider an impact of the replacement and UPA violation problem. So, if we generate a post-encryption schema by hand, some technical skills about schema are required and take some operation time. In this paper, we propose a method for generating a post-encryption schema. By using our proposed method, technical skills aren't required because the proposed method requires only existing information such as an original schema and a security policy. Our evaluation experiment shows that the proposed method can reduce an operation time for generating a post-encryption schema.

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Although 3D-CAD has been used in the shipbuilding industry for a long time, effective use of 3D data in the production and new initial design based on the 3D model are not advanced compared with the expectation. Moreover, it is difficult for a ship owner and a classification society to use the 3D model effectively because CADs and the security policies are different according to the shipyard.

Considering the above discussions, Japan society of naval architects and ocean engineers set the project research committee and has examined the information platform named SPEEDS (Smart Platform of Enhanced Engineering Data for Shipping and Shipbuilding). SPEEDS aims to realize the sharing and exchange of various information on ships among the all maritime industries including shipyards, classification society, ship owner, operator and the marine equipment manufacturers. A simplified 3D geometry information and a variety of attribute information are described in the SPEEDS and the player in maritime industries can utilize these information promptly and effectively based on the various use cases of ship lifecycle.

In this paper, overview of SPEEDS is discussed with some examples intended for use cases in ship lifecycle.

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DTDs are continuously updated according to changes in the real world. Let t be an XML document valid against a DTD D, and suppose that D is updated by an update script s. In general, we cannot uniquely “infer” a transformation of t from s, i.e., we cannot uniquely determine the elements in t that should be deleted and/or the positions in t that new elements should be inserted into. In this paper, we consider inferring K optimum transformations of t from s so that a user finds the most desirable transformation more easily. We first show that the problem of inferring K optimum transformations of an XML document from an update script is NP-hard even if K = 1. Then, assuming that an update script is of length one, we show an algorithm for solving the problem, which runs in time polynomial of |D|, |t|, and K.

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工具供給モデル(ISO13399)とCNC等の工具利用モデル(ISO14649)のスキーマ構造は異なっている。また、供給者と利用者は、時間的·空間的に異なるところに存在する。そこで本研究では、工具の供給·利用·管理に必要なスキーマの構造を明らかにし、スキーマ間の変換方法と、Web Serviceを用いたスキーマ変換の実装とデータ交換方法を提案する。本報では、生産設計のレベルで工作機械を駆動するのに必要なデータの生成に限定し、Web Serviceにおいて、工具供給モデルと工具利用モデルのスキーマ変換とデータ交換の方法を提案する。

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Along with the appearance of distributed concept, traditional centralized management framework has been transferred to distributed management framework, especially in electronic commerce field. In the technical implementation level, because relational database technology is already very mature and easy to be implemented in distributed construction, so nowadays electronic business enterprises mostly use relational database management system (RDBMS) to store and manage their data. Although, in fleet management, because of ships cannot access to centric database through general internet construction when they are offshore, the data belong to ships themselves have the necessity of independent self-management. But RDBMS cannot completely satisfy this objective because it is not easy to be divided. In this paper, we propose to use Extensible Markup Language (XML) to construct ship data management model, so then it could be applied for fleet management and future port administration. The data model can be composed of many kinds of information, such as hardware (ship name, ship type, net tonnage, etc), software (schedule, service, passenger, etc) and freight (freight kind, freight charge, deliver country, etc). Multi-level data model can provide the ability for fleet inter-manageinent and communicating function to government related departments for port administration.

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