Refractory cases in removable partial denture (RPD) treatment are defined as “a group of cases in which patient satisfaction cannot be obtained even with normal denture design and fabrication.” The most refractory of these are Eichner classification C1 cases. Eichner classification C1 problems include dealing with remarkably deteriorated remaining teeth, residual ridges, and collapsed occlusion in the pretreatment; the correction of the mandibular position and reconstruction with increased vertical dimension during denture fabrication; and coping with breakage and rotational change of the RPD after delivery.

In this paper, the author reconsiders the problems in the treatment of Eichner classification C1 and outlines the classification and characteristics of each type. Also, the design guidelines for RPDs are proposed, and therapeutic precautions, effective implant support, and how to deal with rotational change of the RPD are explained.

In order to stabilize complete dentures for patients with severe ridge resorption in edentulous jaws, it is very effective to record the dynamics of the denture space and fabricate dentures in harmony with this. On the other hand, no matter how accurately precision impressions are taken during denture fabrication, the mucosal surface and margins of the definitive cast cannot be accurately reproduced in the finished denture due to various problems. Therefore, it is necessary to correct it using a dynamic impression after completing the denture. Representative denture space recording methods and the clinical technique of dynamic impression are described.

Intraoral appliances (removable dentures, PAP, PLP, etc.), which are effective dental approaches to improve the preparatory and oral stages of swallowing, are still not widely used in dysphagia rehabilitation. There are various reasons for this. This paper describes the basic knowledge that dentists should know when applying removable dentures and PAP at rehabilitation settings. This review will explain the differences between patients with and without dysphagia, and the principles of how to identify and deal with ill-fitting dentures, which are frequently seen in rehabilitation settings. In addition, we would like to express the personal opinion on the requirements of deepening cooperation between dental care and rehabilitation medical care professionals.

In a super-aging society, the importance of house call dentistry is increasing. Elderly people and persons with disabilities who need home-visit dental treatment require dysphagia rehabilitation in addition to general dental treatment. Diagnosis and rehabilitation planning are important in dysphagia rehabilitation. As a dentist, it is also important to be familiar with compensatory approaches that apply dental prosthetics. Inserting devices into the oral cavity is a monopoly for dentists, and there are strong demands from other professions in team medical care as well. In this article, I will explain the adaptation and manufacturing method of clinically effective PAP: Palatal Augmentation Prosthesis and PLP: Palatal lift prosthesis.

In prosthetic treatment of molar crown restorations, to produce functional occlusal surface is very important. Even a crown that have accurately constructed in a laboratory based on a working model cannot reproduce the occlusal contact in the mouth. Dual-arch impression is a clinical technique that provides the intercuspal position on the occlusal surface of the crown. This technique simultaneously takes impression of the antagonist and abutment tooth; furthermore, it helps produce the accurate functional surface as it allows the model to be mounted. The functional generated path (FGP) method is another technique that accurately reproduces the occlusal position while considering the information about the functional contact harmonizing with eccentric occlusal position. Finally, I also introduce a combination of these techniques and digital equipment.

Recently, digital technology has been introduced in dental fields, following by digital dentistry with CAD/CAM system has been developed. Nowadays, there are subtractive manufacturing method and additive manufacturing method in CAD/CAM system. Dental materials used in CAD/CAM system are generally classified into polymers, ceramics, metals, and its composites, and have certain inherent properties, respectively.

In this paper, we would like to provide an overview of the main types and characteristics of dental materials used for subtractive manufacturing and additive manufacturing in CAD/CAM system, and then discuss the future perspectives of them.

Now these days, fixed prosthodontic treatment requires digital awareness in daily clinical work. When preparing the abutment tooth for a CAD/CAM crown, clinical errors will occur if the abutment shape is not appropriate for CAD/CAM technique, it will directly affect to problems. Furthermore, when a monolithic crown is selected for the anterior tooth, it is not possible to achieve the shade matching required for prosthodontists. Therefore, there are many points of confusion regarding fabrication methods and material selection, such as whether to choose analog or digital. In addition, the boundary between digital and analog is not clear in the fabrication process. Finally, brilliant result can be obtained not only by digital technology, but also for using analog technology in combination.

Purpose: There have been few reports about masticatory ability after wearing new dentures for a long time. In this study, we evaluated masticatory ability over time in patients wearing removable dentures, and investigated the factors that affect masticatory ability after wearing dentures.

Method: The subjects were patients who wore removable dentures and had obtained a masticatory score by the masticatory function test after wearing dentures for the first time and after a sufficient period of adjustment. The evaluation items, which included sex, age of the patient, experience of eating gummies, Eichner classification, number of remaining teeth and adjustment period, were assessed statistically.

Result: No significant difference was observed in mastication scores at each examination. In comparison between examinations, significant differences were observed in changes in mastication scores in terms of age, Eichner classification and adjustment period. No significant difference was observed in the comparison between the two groups.

Discussion: Factors that affect the temporary decline in masticatory score after prosthesis insertion are expected to include age, Eichner classification and adaptation to dentures. The above observation period is considered to be significant.

Conclusion: It is suggested that masticatory ability after wearing dentures may be affected by case details and age, and that long-term observation after wearing dentures is necessary to evaluate masticatory score.

Patient: A 66-year-old female presented with the chief complaint of masticatory disturbance and esthetics problems. The prosthetic devices of the remaining teeth were dehiscent, and a decrease in the occlusal vertical dimension and irregular occlusal plane were observed. Full-maxillary prosthodontic treatment with increased vertical dimension and correction of the occlusal plane was performed to restore masticatory function and improve esthetics.

Discussion: The patient’s masticatory ability was improved by the restoration of occlusal support and the fabrication of a prosthetic device with the occlusal vertical dimension and occlusal plane determined based on the anatomy. The esthetic aspect of the prosthesis was also highly satisfactory.

Conclusion: The patient’s quality of life was improved and good results were obtained after full-mouth reconstruction was performed.

Patient: A 41-year-old male patient visited our hospital complaining of difficulty in mastication due to pain of the maxillary left premolar teeth. Due to severe chronic periodontitis, remaining teeth mobility, decrease of vertical dimension of occlusion and mandibular malposition were observed. After treatment for severe periodontitis and correction of the mandibular position including bite elevation, occlusal reconstruction with a crown and bridge prosthesis and partial dentures was performed.

Discussion: The ability to diagnose mandibular malposition through X-ray examination and careful observation of the opening and closing of the mouth led to the correction of mandibular position using the occlusal appliance, which is thought to have had a significant therapeutic effect.

Conclusion: For patients with mandibular malposition, it was shown that thorough examination of sufficient mouth opening and closing movements contributes to proper prosthetic fitting and good prognosis.

Patient: A 71-year-old man visited our hospital because of movement of the anterior mandibular teeth and occlusal pain. The maxillary dentition comprised complete dentures, while 76|456 had implant-supported fixed prostheses. However, irregular occlusal planes were detected for those dental prostheses. Preservation of 32|123 was considered too difficult, necessitating extraction. A complete maxillary denture was attached, and an implant overdenture (IOD) with locator abutment was attached to the mandible.

Discussion: Correcting the occlusal plane with a new dental prosthesis and applying an IOD with locator abutment to the mandible enabled dental treatment with excellent functionality and ease of cleaning.

Conclusion: Dental treatment with a removable dental prosthesis may facilitate a good prognosis for patients with irregular occlusal planes.

Patient: A 73-year-old man complained of difficulty with mastication caused by inability to use a removable partial denture to replace lost mandibular molars due to pain. Moreover, the patient was dissatisfied with the appearance of the remaining natural teeth as they were chipped and sharp.

Discussion: A treatment denture and occlusal splint were used to determine the horizontal and vertical maxillomandibular relationships. Confirming the functionality and esthetics by provisional restorations contributed to the long-term stability of the definitive prostheses, leading to improvement of the patient’s oral-related QOL.

Conclusion: In a patient with decreased vertical dimension of occlusion and occlusal contact between the remaining teeth, an occlusal splint and a treatment denture determined the vertical dimension of occlusion, resulting in a high degree of patient satisfaction.

Patient: A 78-year-old male patient visited our dental hospital with a chief complaint of difficulty of mastication due to pain induced by contact between the lower incisors and upper palate mucosa. The patient was diagnosed with masticatory disorders due to severe attrition and irregularity of the occlusal plane. Full-mouth rehabilitation was performed using fixed and removable prostheses after evaluating the mandibular position using an occlusal splint to obtain an adequate vertical dimension for the prostheses.

Discussion: A long-term stable clinical outcome was obtained by the dental prostheses after evaluating the mandibular position using an occlusal splint.

Conclusion: In the present case mastication disorders were recovered by full-mouth rehabilitation that restored the severely-worn tooth morphology using fixed and removable prostheses.

Patient: The patient was a 65-year-old female who complained of masticatory disturbance due to pain and gingival enlargement around the maxillary right implants and left posterior tooth. After arranging the treatment plan with diagnostic waxing, treatment with a porcelain fused to metal bridge and removable partial denture with radicular attachment was performed.

Discussion: The patient has remained satisfied without significant problem in the periodontal tissue and prosthesis during 5 years, however, attrition of artificial teeth was observed.

Conclusion: Denture design using a stud attachment avoided the use of clasps in the esthetic area and increased the patient’s satisfaction, resulting in a successful prosthodontic treatment outcome with high quality of life.

Patient: A 66-year-old woman presented to our hospital complaining of dislocation of a |1 artificial tooth from a complete upper denture as well as chewing difficulty and pain due to mobility of a complete lower denture. As severe mandibular residual ridge resorption had occurred, a new complete lower denture was created using the flange technique, and an acrylic soft denture liner was applied.

Discussion: Use of the flange technique to shape the polished denture surface in a manner that reflected the function of the tongue and perioral muscles, and application of an acrylic soft denture liner to relieve pain in residual mucous membranes contributed to a favorable prognosis in the present patient.

Conclusion: In an edentulous patient with severe residual ridge resorption, a new complete lower denture having appropriate polished denture surface fabricated by applying an acrylic soft liner achieved improved masticatory function and led to high patient satisfaction.

Patient: A 40-year-old female presented with the chief complaint of jaw pain and difficulty in chewing. Upon examination, she was diagnosed with myofascial pain, masticatory and esthetic disturbances, and occlusal trauma of the molars. After undergoing occlusal splint therapy to treat the symptoms of masticatory muscle pain, the occlusal support of the molar was restored with autogenous tooth transplantation, and the anterior guidance was reconstructed using an all-ceramic bridge.

Discussion: The establishment of occlusal support through autologous tooth transplantation and appropriate anterior guidance proved effective for the long-term outcome of oral function.

Conclusion: Prosthetic treatment to establish occlusal support in molars and reconstruct appropriate anterior guidance resulted in good long-term oral function.

Patient: The patient was a 25-year-old female who complained of esthetic problems and masticatory disturbance due to a fixed partial denture in the left mandibular molar. She also complained of pain and clicking in the right temporomandibular joint. The left second molar showed scissors bite. After applying a stabilization appliance and orthodontic treatment, a final fixed prosthesis in the left mandible was applied.

Discussion: In the present case, a stabilization appliance was first applied. Then minor tooth movement improved the scissors bite, which resulted in recovery of the occlusion and a favorable prognosis.

Conclusion: Improvement of occlusal support effectively maintained good long-term stomatognathic function.

Patient: The patient was a 42-year-old female with the chief complaint of esthetic disturbance due to discoloration of the maxillary anterior teeth. The central and latral incisors were treated with porcelain laminate veneers, and the canines were treated with all-ceramic crowns.

Discussion: Efforts to preserve enamel, the bonding operation of the prosthetic device with consideration for moisture protection, and the maintenance of good postoperative oral hygiene may have contributed to the results of the present case. In addition, the diagnostic wax-up and step-by-step confirmation of the restorations with provisional restorations may have contributed to the patient’s satisfaction.

Conclusion: The patient with high esthetic demands was treated with a step-by-step prosthodontic treatment procedure that took into account the patient’s subjective viewpoint, and good treatment results were obtained.

Patient: A 20-year-old female visited our clinic desiring to improve esthetic disturbance, involving closure of the interdental space, which was formed by congenitally missing teeth, and a metal prosthesis. An analysis of craniomandibular 3D models showed no mandibular shift or skeletal abnormality. Therefore, the cusps of 3| and |3, which were interfering with the antagonist prosthetic space, were first recontoured along the occlusal plane, and then crown restoration was performed.

Discussion: Analysis of occlusal contact with an intraoral scanner showed increases in contact area and contact points after surgery. The prognosis is good after 3 years and 10 months.

Conclusion: Analysis using craniomandibular 3D models enabled mandibular shift and skeletal evaluations and diagnoses and was surmised to be an effective diagnostic tool for performing prosthetic treatment.

Patient: A 69-year-old male suffered chewing and pronunciation problems due to some posterior missing teeth and the loss of an anterior crown. Occlusal reconstruction was performed by increasing the occlusal vertical dimension using interim restorations and a treatment denture. Final occlusal support of the molars was established with fixed implant-supported prostheses and crowns.

Discussion: It was considered that tooth wear and loss of molars had reduced the occlusal vertical dimension. Additionally, excessive occlusal force because of sleep bruxism may have caused root fracture and loss of the anterior crown.

Conclusion: After increasing the occlusal vertical dimension with interim restorations and dentures, esthetics and masticatory function were improved using fixed implant-supported prostheses and crowns, resulting in high patient satisfaction.

Patient: A 60-year-old man visited our dental clinic with the chief complaint of difficulty of mastication caused by unsteadiness of dentures. The molar teeth in the maxilla were protruding and there was non-vertical stop occlusion. After setting an appropriate occlusal vertical dimension, a treatment denture was used to obtain good esthetic satisfaction and masticatory function. A final denture was inserted following the good results of the treatment denture.

Discussion: A treatment denture may play an important role to obtain good esthetic satisfaction and masticatory function with voluntary (OHIP) and objective evaluations (masticatory ability test).

Conclusion: It is considered that the stability of the denture was obtained by using a treatment denture after proper pretreatment, which led to a good evaluation and long-term maintenance.

Patient: A 71-year-old man visited our hospital with the chief complaint of a fractured maxillary right central incisor. The tooth fracture had occurred in the lower part of the gingival margin. The patient wished to receive a fixed prosthetic treatment. The tooth was observed with a provisional restoration for enough time, and was then replaced by a definitive prosthesis.

Discussion: The patient has been recalled periodically since the final prosthesis was delivered. The patient was satisfied with the treatment without any specific problems, such as fracture or detachment, during the 5-year follow-up period.

Conclusion: Good results were obtained by providing an appropriate subgingival contour with a provisional restoration, monitoring the progress, and transferring the appropriate forms to the final prosthesis.

Patient: The patient was a 70-year-old man who visited the clinic with a complaint of difficulty in chewing and sensitive pain of the maxillary anterior teeth. The patient was diagnosed as having masticatory disorder, reduced occlusal support and occlusal trauma due to missing molar teeth. The occlusal vertical dimension was restored and by modifying the patient’s dentures and a provisional restoration. The mandibular position was changed to the centric relation and occlusal reconstruction. Fixed prostheses and removable partial dentures were fabricated by referring to the initial prosthesis which was confirmed as having no functional abnormalities.

Discussion: Appropriate vertical occlusal height and mandibular position were attained by modifying the patient’s dentures and a provisional restoration. The masticatory disturbance was improved by crown restoration and fabrication of removable partial dentures.

Conclusion: In the present case, occlusal reconstruction resulted in good treatment results.

Patient: A 71-year-old female patient visited our hospital with the chief complaint of difficulty in mastication due to maladaptation of her mandibular complete denture. The width of the mandibular ridge was narrow, and severe mandibular ridge resorption was observed, resulting in instability of the mandibular complete denture. The patient was diagnosed with masticatory dysfunction due to the instability of the mandibular denture. She underwent prosthetic treatment using an implant overdenture (IOD).

Discussion: A magnetic attachment was selected for this patient. The IOD supported by a magnetic attachment enabled her to put on and take off the denture easily. In addition, the retention and stability of the denture were improved by the retention force produced by the magnetic attachment.

Conclusion: An IOD supported by a magnetic attachment improved the oral health related quality of life of a fully edentulous patient with masticatory dysfunction due to instability of a mandibular denture.

Patient: The patient was an 87-year-old female with the chief complaint of poor adsorption of a maxillary complete denture, masticatory disturbance of a mandibular partial denture, and poor esthetics of the mandibular teeth. The habitual occlusal position was not a problem, and upper and lower metal base dentures were fabricated while maintaining the habitual occlusal position of the treatment denture. The upper and lower dentures were set at the same time as the prosthetic device for the mandibular teeth to restore masticatory function and improve esthetics.

Discussion: Removable dentures are not esthetic, but are considered an effective option for elderly patients in terms of maintenance compared with fixed prosthetic devices.

Conclusion: Good results were obtained by the metal base dentures and crown prosthetic device for restoring esthetics and masticatory function and improving the patient’s oral-related QoL

Patient: The patient was a 76-year-old female with the chief complaint of masticatory disturbance. According to the assessment, improvement or increase in the vertical mandibular position without orthodontics treatment would have been difficult. The use of a removable dental prosthesis markedly improved functionality for this patient.

Discussion: The maxillary occlusal plane was easily improved by treatment using the removable dental prosthesis. Three years passed without any functional or esthetic problems since the definitive prosthesis was provided.

Conclusion: The use of a removable dental prosthesis was effective in attempting to raise the bite in a case of deep bite.

Patient: The patient was a 58-year-old woman with the main complaint of food trapping between the teeth. Remarkable prosthesis wear and fracture of the remaining teeth were observed, mainly in the posterior region. An open bite condition with no occlusal contact in the six anterior teeth was observed. After prosthetic treatment, occlusal contact including the canine teeth was restored, and a group function occlusion during lateral movement with contacts on the canines and pre-molars, and disocclusion of the molars, was established. After 4 years and 5 months, the patient remains satisfied with the functional and esthetic condition of the prosthesis.

Discussion: Disocclusion of molars during lateral movement prevented excessive wear and breaking of the prosthesis, which also led to high patient satisfaction.

Conclusion: Full-arch rehabilitation of an open-bite patient with occlusal contact including the canine teeth and group function occlusion during lateral movement showed a long-term favorable course.

Patient: The patient was a 19-year-old female who came to our hospital with the chief complaint of chewing difficulty due to discomfort in the maxillary anterior teeth. The maxillary right central incisor was difficult to preserve due to root fracture and was indicated for extraction. The prosthetic treatment was to be an implant, but it was necessary to consider the age of the patient, and the procedure was planned taking this into account.

Discussion: By using an interim prosthesis until the growth of the jawbone and facial features ceased, implant prosthetic treatment could be performed safely and systematically while maintaining functionality and esthetics.

Conclusion: Considering the patient’s age, implant prosthetic treatment could be performed safely. The results suggest that the use of an interim prosthesis that takes into account the growth process is effective.

Patient: The patient was a 63-year-old female who visited our hospital with the chief complaint of occlusal pain in the maxillary right central incisor. In addition, the maxillary right lateral incisor was fitted with an ill-fitting crown prosthesis. In this case, esthetic prosthetic treatment was performed after preprosthetic treatment for each tooth.

Discussion: In both 1| and 2|, there was insufficient residual tooth structure. 1|: Orthodontic extrusion and crown lengthening procedures were performed as preprosthetic treatment followed by prosthetic treatment. 2|: Surgical extrusion was performed as preprosthetic treatment followed by prosthetic treatment. Good results were achieved by performing preprosthetic treatment and securing residual tooth structure on the gingiva before performing prosthetic treatment.

Conclusion: Favorable treatment results were obtained by performing prosthetic treatment after preprosthetic treatment according to the clinical purpose.

Patient: A 73-year-old male patient visited the hospital with the chief complaint of movement of complete dentures and difficulty of mastication, and was diagnosed as having cosmetic disturbance and dysmasesis owing to maladaptation of dentures. Definitive dentures were fabricated after confirming correction of the mandibular position deviation and improvement of the esthetics and masticatory function by a treatment denture.

Discussion: Satisfactory treatment outcomes were obtained with the definitive dentures which transferred functional and morphological elements after improving the oral function properly by the treatment denture.

Conclusion: In the present case, correction of the mandibular position deviation and improvement of the esthetics and masticatory function by a treatment denture resulted in long-term stability of the definitive dentures.

Patient: The patient was a 70-year-old man with the chief complaint of unacceptable movement of a mandibular complete denture during function. Since it was considered difficult to further improve the retentive force with a conventional complete denture, an implant overdenture (IOD) was selected to meet the needs of the patient.

Discussion: The patient was unable to obtain satisfactory functional stability with a conventional mandibular complete denture, and so an IOD was applied to improve the retentive force to resolve the patient’s chief complaint. Through this case, we reaffirmed the importance of prosthetic intervention considering the patient’s life stage as well as the choice of treatment method. In the future, careful follow-up will be necessary to monitor the patient’s progress over time, such as resorption of the alveolar ridge.

Conclusion: An IOD was applied to a patient who had difficulty accepting a conventional mandibular complete denture, and good results were obtained.

Patient: The patient was a 64-year-old female who complained of masticatory disturbance caused by occlusal pain. Subgingival caries of a bridge abutment tooth was detected and the tooth was indicated for extraction. After extraction, the patient opted for implant treatment and a screw-fixed final superstructure was placed. Functional recovery with implant treatment was quantitatively evaluated.

Discussion: As inflammation was observed in the surrounding mucosa after provisional restoration, oral hygiene instruction using an intraoral scanner was given. Quantitative evaluation and presentation of the recovery of masticatory function were considered to be effective for conveying the importance of cleaning by the patient and for maintaining a good long-term prognosis.

Conclusion: Quantitative evaluation of the masticatory functional recovery by implant prosthetic treatment is effective for achieving high patient satisfaction with the treatment and the patient’s awareness of the need for functional maintenance.

Patient: An 84-year-old male presented with difficulty with eating and speaking due to movement of the mandibular denture. He was completely edentulous, with a narrow tongue space in the mandibular denture, causing movement of the denture by slight tongue movements. His mandibular position was inconsistent, and his oral function was reduced. Treatment involved training for oral functions and the fabrication of therapeutic treatment dentures to correct the mandibular position and determine the appropriate shape, followed by the fabrication of new dentures. Oral function improved after training, and the patient could maintain independence due to improved mastication ability after wearing new dentures.

Discussion: Dentures with improved stability were fabricated by determining their appropriate shape with treatment dentures and reflecting them in the new dentures.

Conclusion: Denture treatment that considers the condition of residual ridges and temporomandibular functions, along with concurrent training for oral function, helps improve and maintain mastication.

Patient: The patient was a 49-year-old female with the chief complaint of multiple tooth loss, cold water-induced pain at the maxillary anterior teeth, and disturbance of esthetics and mastication. All teeth with gingival inflammation were untreated, causing occlusal collapse with esthetic and masticatory disturbance. Bite-raising was performed using a removable partial denture after initial periodontic and endodontic treatment. The provisional restoration was adjusted at the mandibular position with the increase of occlusal vertical dimension. The final prosthesis, which reproduced the form of the provisional restoration, was fabricated by a telescopic crown-retained removable partial denture.

Discussion: It is important to ensure that the treatment plan for occlusal reconstruction is minimally invasive and causes less lateral force on elongated teeth and inclined teeth. The use of a treatment denture made it possible to reflect the appropriate mandibular position in the final prosthesis.

Conclusion: It is suggested that masticatory function and esthetics were improved by a telescopic crown-retained removable partial denture with an appropriate occlusal vertical dimension and anterior guidance by bite-raising for this patient with occlusal collapse by unilateral infra-occlusion.

Patient: The patient was a 73-year-old female. The patient complained of masticatory disturbance due to ill-fitting maxillary and maxillary dentures and poor esthetics due to pronounced labial inclination of the mandibular anterior teeth. In this case, copings and an attachment were placed to improve the support and bracing of the denture and to correct the implantation direction of the remaining teeth. An overdenture was delivered to improve functionality and esthetics.

Discussion: The optimal shapes of copings were determined by taking impressions with a tray-duplicating wax denture. Considering the patient’s oral habits, the patient was able to adapt to the drastic changes in the oral environment as we gradually changed the shape of the denture.

Conclusion: By correcting the direction of the mandibular anterior teeth and wearing an overdenture, denture function and poor esthetics caused by odontoparallaxis were improved.

Patient: A 52-year-old woman suffered from a lack of stability in her mandibular complete denture after glossectomy. As a result of the assessment, the case was diagnosed as masticatory disturbance caused by a tongue defect and poorly fitted dentures. Complete dentures in harmony with the movement of perioral muscles were fabricated using piezography.

Discussion: In this case, it was difficult to obtain stability of the mandibular denture due to the lack of a movable part of the tongue. However, by applying piezography, information on the appropriate surface morphology and position of the artificial teeth without excessive lip or buccal pressure during function was obtained, which resulted in fabricating the complete dentures with a functionally coordinated denture form.

Conclusion: In edentulous patients after glossectomy, fabricating the functionally coordinated denture form by piezography is useful for improving the stability of the mandibular complete denture.

Patient: The patient was a 79-year-old male who visited our hospital with the chief complaint of masticatory disturbance caused by instability of mandibular complete dentures. The patient had a history of mandibular gingival cancer, and especially, the lower left alveolar ridge had been severely absorbed by gingival cancer surgery. Therefore, a new denture was prepared considering mandibular denture stability.

Discussion: By considering the mandibular condition, using pressure impression and lingualized occlusion, the stability of the new denture was improved and higher masticatory performance was obtained.

Conclusion: In this case, a positive outcome of complete dentures was achieved by arranging precise impressions and tooth arrangement in a patient with a history of mandibular gingival carcinoma.

Patient: An 81-year-old male visited our hospital complaining of chewing difficulties due to denture detachment. After improving the mucosa and occlusal condition using the existing dentures, upper and lower complete dentures were fabricated for the edentulous jaws due to flabby gums in the upper maxilla and severe alveolar ridge resorption in the mandible.

Discussion: After pretreatment such as morphological modification of the denture base, tissue conditioning and occlusal adjustment using existing dentures, upper and lower complete dentures with improved denture base morphology and occlusal condition with reference to the modified dentures were fabricated, and good results were obtained.

Conclusion: Based on the problems caused by the existing dentures, as a result of providing prosthetics with upper and lower complete dentures, the patient’s complaint was resolved, objective indicators such as masticatory performance and masticatory movement improved, and function was restored.

Patient: The patient was a 60-year-old woman. Her chief complaints were masticatory disorder due to tooth mobility and poor esthetics due to maxillary median diastema. A hybrid composite resin facing fixed bridge was used for the mandibular prosthesis, and a hybrid composite resin facing removable bridge was used for the maxillary prosthesis with gold alloy for the inner and outer crowns.

Discussion: In order to recover both esthetics and functionality, a hybrid composite resin facing bridge and a removable bridge were used to restore esthetics and occlusal support with good cleanability, which resulted in a high level of patient satisfaction.

Conclusion: The removable bridge was considered to be an effective prosthetic device for patients with periodontal disease.