When, PMS heterogenous gonadotrophin, was administered to the amenorrhoeic women, the rate of pregnancy was not so high despite considerable high rate of ovulation. This has been a question up to date.
Recently we performed combined gonadotrophin therapy of PMS and HCG on a 27-years-old woman with grade II secondary amenorrhoea, and succeeded in inducing ovulation. But owing to overstimulation by PMS and HCG therapy, she developed complication of acute abdomen. Thereupon laparotomy was performed to carry out wedge resection on the ovary. At the time of this induced ovulation, the patient succeeded in pregnancy which continued until term inspite of the ovarian operation. At term she was delivered of a normal child. We made some comments on this case.

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Using mongrel dogs with prostatic fistule, the prostatic fluid was studied on its volume, pH, acid phosphatase, citric acid, protein, mucoprotein, fibrinolysin, fructose, cholesterol and ³²P. Changes after administration of various hormones were studied.
The volume, citric acid, protein, mucoprotein, fibrinolysin, fructose and ³²P uptake were increased by TP, GT, ACTH and prolactin, while they were decreased by EB. Cholesterol content was decreased by TP, GT, ACTH, while it was increased by EB.
Thyroid hormone caused a decrease in the volume, acid phosphatase, protein and fructose, while no change in citric acid, mucoprotein and fibrinolysin was noted. All measurements were not changed by antithyroid substance.
Protein anabolic hormone caused an increase in protein, mucoprotein, fibrinolysin, fructose and ³²P uptake, but no change in volume, and acid phosphatase.
Cortisone caused a decrease in volume, protein and fructose, but an increase in citric acid and mucoprotein. No change was recognized in the cholesterol.

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It was demonstrated that neither the change of TTC penetration through the vaginal epithelium nor the metabolic changes of whole vaginal tissue participated in the estrogen-stimulation of vaginal TTC reduction, and that the vaginal TTC reduction in vivo was not a reaction occurred in the whole vaginal epithelium bu a reaction localized in the superficial cells affected by estrogen administration, suggesting that the vaginal TTC reduction in vivo increased by estrogen reflects some biochemical changes in superficial cells. It was further demonstrated that the vaginal TTC reduction was histochemically localized in the superficial cells only when the reaction occurred in the vagina having intact blood circulation, whereas it was spread over the whole epithelium including basal cells when the mice were killed and the reaction occurred in the vagina without blood supply. Furthermore, a close correlation was obtained between the TTC reduction and the development of stratum granulosum in the vagina.
It is concluded, therefore, that the estrogen-stimulated TTC reduction in vagina is an earlier transient phenomenon in the process of vaginal cornification, in which the superficial cells are brought into the anaerobic condition resulting from the rapid differentiation of epithelium.

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Results of clinical investigations on two sibling patients, a brother and a sister, were presented in detail. From early infancy they showed the following main features: absence of subcutaneous fat, hepatomegaly with fatty infiltration of the liver, and abnormal carbohydrate metabolism and hyperpigmentation.
In the elder sister, a ten-years-old girl, subcutaneous fat tissue was markedly atrophied with insulin-resistant diabetes. Her liver showed a severe fatty degeneration and infiltration associated with cirrhosis. In her brother, a 4-years-old boy, no glycosuria was observed, in spite of the occurrence of similar lipoatrophy accompanied with fatty cirrhosis of the liver. Serum lipids, serum phospholipids, and oral fat loading test showed normal values in these patients. Absorption of carbohydrate was also normal. Plasma level of growth hormone, and thyroid and adrenal function were normal in these cases. An electroencephalographic study revealed hypothalamic lesions in both cases.
It is concluded from these findings that a primary defect in lipoatrophic diabetes exists in the mechanism for subcutaneous storage of fat, leading to disordered carbohydrate metabolism and increased hepatic storage of fat with resulting cirrhosis. Namely the fat degeneration of the liver, the abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism and the hyperpigmentation of the skin were suspected to occur secondarily. A causative relationship was assumed to exist between the hypothalamic lesions and a failing hypothalamic control of pituitary function. It was thought that lipoatrophic diabetes was a homozygous recessive autosomal gene state.

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Hohlweg found that the administration of large amount of estrogen induces ovulation in immature rats. It is suggested that this ovulation may be evoked by the steroid action in the central nervous system, especially on the hypothalamus. Along with our previous finding the acetylcholine content in the rat hypothalamus fluctuated at 6 to 10 hrs. after the estrogen injection, the similar fluctuations of the choline acetylase and the monoamine oxidase activities were also seen at that time following the administration of estradiol.
The results obtained in present studies are quite in keeping with the observation that the activation of hypothalamus for ovulation may occur several hours after the injection of estradiol, the fact indicating the participation of cholinergic and adrenergic mechanisms involved in the hypothalamus in the Hohlweg's phenomenon.

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The enzymatic activity changes in rabbit pancreatic islets were studied at various time intervals (from 15mins. to 48 hrs.) after the administration of diabetogenic doses of alloxan, dithizone, or 8-hydroxyquinaldine. On the activities of G-6-PD, LD, SD, G-6-Pase, and ACPase, it was found that:-
After the administration of alloxan, the first and most significant reduction was observed in the ATPase activity in the islet cells, especially in the B-cells, followed by a slight reduction in G-6-Pase and G-6-PD activities. An apparently reduced ACPase activity could be seen only at 12 hrs. when a distinct B-cell necrosis was found. A distinct reduction in SD and LD was also demonstrable at 12 hrs. and somewhat irregular reaction could even still be seen at 24 hrs.
Immediately after the administration of dithizone, the activities of both G-6-PD and G-6-Pase in islet B-cells were markedly inhibited. On the other hand, an apparent reduction of ATPase activity, when could be seen after the administration of alloxan, was not discernible for 3 hrs. at least. ACPase, LD, and SD activities showed no distinct changes before a manifest necrotic process had appeared in the B-cells. The mandibular and prostate glands, which presented a similar zinc reaction, took a quite different course.
After the administration of 8-hydroxyquinaldine, a slight reduction in ACPase and G-6-Pase of the B-cells was first observed at 6 hrs., was more pronounced at 8 or 10 hrs., and still more so at 12 hrs. The G-6-PD was found to be suddenly reduced concomitantly with a B-cell necrotic process. A similar tendency, but with less abrupt changes, was found in the sections stained for ATPase, SD, and LD.
The author wishes to express his sincere gratitude to Prof. Kozo Okamoto of the Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, for his guidance and encouragement.

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