I carried out a questionnaire of the fact-finding in the office about the aqueous outer wall paint. As a result, most understood that a woman of easy virtue adopted paint now. In the inner city in particular, the tendency that the paint of the many functions that it was the elasticity that a dirt was hard to stick to except that a bad smell was low was adopted was seen. Furthermore, that there was a difference was confirmed by paint when high waterproofing form decoration of the use frequency lightly carried out a simple expression examination about coat materials to bulge.

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The calcium silicate board specimen to impregnate the plywood specimen and formaldehyde to understand the influence that the temperature and humidity exerted on the long-term emission tendency to formaldehyde was prepared.The experiment understood a long series of emission tendency to two months-nine months in two levels (each temperature environment under, the relative humidity 50%, and 15°, 28°, and 35° 10%).The tendency that the decay curve according to the temperature crosses by about 10-20 after it began to have experimented since the specimen to impregnate formaldehyde to the silicic acid calcium board was made and it experimented was understood.When relative humidity was 50%, the temperature dependency existed between 35°and 28°, and the temperature dependency was not seen for the relative humidity 10%.

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In order to make clear the extent of environmental impact for transport distance of building materials, it is reported the distribution of domestic plants for typical finishing materials and the extent of environmental impact regarding the transportation. The results show that many plants of finishing materials were generally built into the outskirts of big cities. And manufacturing energy was generally bigger than transportation energy, however, influences of transportation energy for environmental impact should be considered in the case of long transport distance. We propose a simple evaluation method for environmental impact regarding transportation “building materials-mileage”.

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Discoloration of wallcovering due to chemicals emitted from the other materials was investigated. Discoloration reappeared by use of chamber methods. Chemicals which causes discoloration of wallcovering were indentified by use of gas chromatography analysis. They were found to be phenolic derivatives.

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Asbestos fibers can be released from asbestos containing boards due to deterioration. Therfore, various coating systems have being studied for preventing asbestos emission from boards. Regards to these systems, one of the important points is substrate preparation. In this study we examined how to grade the surface deterioration states of asbestos containing boards so that we can apply appropriate substrate preparation methods. We also evaluated three substrate preparation methods in actual painting works for warehouse whose roof materials were corrugated asbestos containing boards. And we measured the asbestos fiber concentration for each substrate preparation method.

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Much industrial waste is drained in the spot of the painting construction. I examined the method of the reasonable processing and reduction of the industrial waste at a point of view for environment. The object paid attention to submaterial considered to be waste after use not paint this time. I narrowed down a mark to the general-purpose roller and brush which I was similar, and was used in submaterial and investigated in particular the real use situation whether reduction of these waste was possible. I suggest a method of the waste reduction that attached great importance to recycling at the same time.

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Recent years, the water system change of paints is advancing from the problem of environment pollution and the problem on work environment. However, the frequency which cleans the coating equipment and others after the use in water increases at water system paints’s increasing as for paints employer side. The process of washing water was accompanied with this, came to use much water, and became a subject. A large amount of expenses become necessary for abandoned water process but the process way by the coagulant spreads as a way which deals simply with washing water and it is to put into the practical use and to doing a change. It used a coagulant, worked the abandoned water process after paints washing, and the effect was inspected this time. The result of investigation study is reported.

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This study deals with tile installation on high strength concrete. Tensile strength tests on a full-scale PCa column (Fc=100MPa) and deformational performance tests were carried out to evaluate the adhesive property and the following performance to compression deformation. Results showed that the bonding capacity of tile is positively correlated with surface roughness of concrete.

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[in Japanese]

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On the tiled wall it become a object of public concern about falling of tiles. Therefore anchor pin and epoxy resin are in general use to prevent falling of tiles. But these technique can’t enough prevent a water leak and neutralization of concrete. So we examined using the anchor-pinning technique with the transparent paint to prevent a water leak. As a result, it is possible to give the waterproof on the tiled wall. On the other hand it proves that the transparent paint has an effect to prevent falling of tiles. We think that this method of construction consider safety and design performance.

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The formerly Yokohama Silk inspection warehouses constructed in Yokohama in 1925 is one of the valuable buildings that Endo designed. The main purpose that investigates the material used for the building as for the record preservation. This report investigated physical properties about the brick that was one of the main materials of this building. As a result, physical properties of the brick were one manufactured at a simultaneous period and this almost levels in the brick of the object though the adhesion power was a low value.

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We pulverized gypsum board that became an architectural scrap to fine powder. We mixed it with the fireproof coating material of light weight cement mortar, and examined the fireproof performance. The method is written down as follows. We coated a fireproof material to a steel tube of the corner type. The thickness of the fireproof material is 20mm and 30mm. There are two main types of fire proof materials that we used. One is the material including the powder of gypsum waste, and the other is the certified standard one. We executed those heating tests by using the ISO standard heating curve. The result, it was able to prevent the member capacity debasement of the steel tube of the corner type, because the fireproof performance of the fireproof material which mixed gypsum waste was the almost same as the fireproof material of the standard.

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We developed translucent plastic panel with Fire resistance efficiency, so that translucent plastic panel was used in building materials. This report examined relationship between fire resistance and panel’s thickness, outdoor exposure test, accelerated weathering test, and relationship between translucent efficiency and panel’s thickness, silicate concentration.

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This study is the state of the art review on intumescent coatings through all over the world.

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This study is newly discussed calculation method which deal with dry film thickness applied for protection of steel structure. The calculaton method is based on section factor of steel, ie, heated perimeter devided by section area. Referd calculation presennted so far are Yellow Book, CEN and Building Research Institute of Japan.

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This study describe on comparison of calculated fire resistance time and experimental results acoording to fire furnace tests for four different intumescent coatings. The resuls showed good agreement between newly modified calculation method and experimental data.

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The organic foaming thermal insulation was classified into on-site foaming and boards. We were evaluated to insulation properties and flammability on those foaming thermal insulations. The kinds of foaming agents were used to on-site foaming thermal insulation were hydro-fluorocarbon gas and carbon dioxide gas. That was used to boards of thermal insulations was hydro-carbon gas. On the results of evaluation of insulation properties the foaming thermal insulations with carbon dioxide gas were more inferior to anyone. In flammability, the foaming thermal insulations with the hydro-carbon gas were burned easily to anyone.

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CFCs had been used for a urethane thermal insulation for buildings and houses as foaming agents for a long time.But, use of CFCs, as forming agents, was prohibited in 1996 by “Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer”. Instead of using CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs have been used as foaming agents for the urethane thermal insulation. However, HCFCs and HFCs are concerned about as a material causing global warming because the global warming potential (GWP) of HCFCs and HFCs is more than several hundred times of the carbon dioxide. For that reason, we developed argon gas enclosure urethane foam for thermal insulation. Argon gas is free of the ozone depletion potential and the global warming potential, and a mechanical foaming technology is combined with. In this report, the mechanical forming technology, thermal conductivity of argon gas enclosure urethane foam for thermal insulation, and our future action are discussed.

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This development is the one that it answers it by using the truss-core-panel though a lot of performances of making to high strength, lightening, and the heat radiation ability, etc. are requested from the free access floor for the server room on the information society.The truss-core panel is an extremely light-weight and high-rigidity super panel,devised by Dr.Nojima, Kyoto University. The panel has high-bending rigidity and high shear rigidity and the difference of rigidity in direction is very little. So,it could be used in various fields, making the best use of its light structure.It could even replace honey-comb panel. (The truss-core-panel is 3˜5 times as rigid as general corrugated-panel.)

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A variety of static electricity troubles are reported in the production facilities,and the anti-static performance is indispensable to the floor material.However,usual coating floor material with anti-static performance is deteriorated at caster running on it.Then,authors developed coating floor material with anti-static,which has enough durability for various deteriorations,and an enough anti-static performance was possessed after the accelerated degrading test.However,there are uncertain points like a change of the anti-static performance for this developed coating floor material.This paper describes that;a change of the anti-static performance and the influence of initial care condition and the construction condition on anti-static performance.

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As the crystal system of photovoltaic power generator weighs 18kg/m₂,it is too heavy to be used as roofing material for renovation.Moreover when it is used as wall material that is perpendicular to the floor,the generation efficiency declines by 30% and it happens unless the air flows at the back of the wall.In order to solve these problems,we made the photovoltaic power generation sheet,a Teflon sheet with a thickness of1mm into which the amorphous was mixed,and attached it to the slit on the extruding board.The power generation sheet absorbed a change in the length at the slit and was fastened with sealing material.Then we applied the thermal insulation paint to the surface of the extruding board and placed the wiring by using the port of the extruding board.The features of this exterior panel are that you can attach the photovoltaic power generation sheet even after the construction and that the sheet is replaceable and removable.

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[in Japanese]

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We measured the temperature change in each part after we prepared two test houses and painted general paint and high reflectance paint in each.As a result of having got the data of the temperature change through one year,we understood that high reflectance paint changed the temperature lower than that of the general paint in each part.We however,understood that we reversed the theory because we got the data that the test house which was painted high reflectance paint had higher temperature than that of the test house which was painted general paint from 6:00a.m.to 9:00a.m.in summer.In additional,we could not find the temperature difference definitely between the high refrectance paint and the general paint in summer.In other hand,we could find the temperature difference definitely in winter.According to these results,we solved these problems and tested again.

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We calculated solar reflection of the paint to examine an effect of the high reflectance paint and mechanism by a previous report and reported that we measured a temperature change in the outdoors with various examination devices.It is often that the high reflectance paint is painted as a main use on a roof part,which deterioration generally accelerates on most rapidly among the parts of buildings and it is thought that the durability of the paint is related to the durability of the performance to block the heat.In this report,we conducted an investigation of the durability of the performance to block the heat with the high reflectance paint by a test of natural wethering test for one year and accelerated weathering test for 2000 hours.

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Water-based fluoropolymer paint with both highly weatherablity and durability will become a main stream of paint market with background of arising the needs of protecting buildings in a long term,concerning about environment problems,and especially reducing VOC in paint because of air pollution.Recently each paint maker has been proposing various fashionable paints in order of a variety of the needs in the market.Technology that we used in developing our products makes paint more innovatively fashionable,and the technology is much different from the past technology used in stone style-paint.This is reported mainly about mechanisms of making paint fashionable,durability of paint film,and weatherability along with examples of the constructions.

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Multicolor paints have a history of more than 50 years in Japan,and the design created by the special coloring has been popular for a long time.The solvent base paint with oil droplet in water has been a mainstream,however,declined rapidly from respect of the environment concern.Paying an attention to easy color designing property with multicolor paints,we have studied user friendly,fulfilling variety of user demand,completely water-borne multicolor paint system.As a result,we found out paint stability,film performance,film appearance and painting workability are affected by compression destruction strength,diameter and concentration of the coloring particles.Finally we have developed water-borne designed multicolor finish for exterior and interior.The developed material is conformed to JIS K 5667 and is suitable to be applied with various painting method.

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In spite of wide variety of expression by color designing with multicolor paint,it is currently common to select color patterns from ready made designs in color card.Responding to more user demands,we have developed new software that pattern of multicolor paint can be designed with personal computer.The effectiveness and reproducibility of designing have been confirmed by comparing CG image on computer display with actual painted panels.Five design images of elegance,classic,nature,casuals and modernity had been chosen and colors were designed with CG based on the each image.The colors were evaluated in terms of image identity by several examiner and were verified.As a result,validity of this designing method has been confirmed and is reported in this paper.

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Recently,photocatalyst is used for the measure of reducing the sickhouse syndrome.In particular,we had paid attention to the visible light responsive photocatalyst decomposing organic materals under visible light.In this study,we produced paints experimentally which examind the kind of raw components and the compoundings,and evaluated those decomposition ability of acetaldehyde gas.As the result,the paint combined inorganic binder decomposed acetaldehyde gas faster.Increacing the quantity of organic binder,the decomposition ability was decreasing.The acetaldehyde decomposition speed was related to the photocatalyst content.We also realized that the quantity of the paint was not related to acetaldehyde decomposition ability,but illumination intensity was related to it.At last,we could produced paints which had high ability decomposing acetaldehyde gas by using the visible light responsive photocatalyst.

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During paint application for architectural steel structures,sufficient surface preparation cannot be achieved in many cases.Therefore,undercoat paints that can form anti-corrosive surface which does not rust early even on existing rusts and that help alleviate environmental loads have been desired.This time,we examined some properties of the developed paint,such as adhesive property and surface-tolerance to rusted surface.As a result,the developed paint showed better performance than a conventional paint.In addition,as a result of further investigations of the specification with reduced working processes,this paint was found to be effective for rusted surface.

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Solvents type paint such as a synthetic resin compounding paint has been painted a lot with the metals and the parts of wood such as doors and handrails of stairs.Recently the consumption of water-based paint has been increasing not only for interior but also for metals because of a surge of the consciousness for the environmental problem and the revision of Building Standard Act.The load to the environment continued being reduced,and the coating softening troubles by the human sebum increased as a new problem.The coating softening troubles by the human sebum also occurs with the synthetic resin compounding paint and the 2-packed urethane paint,but it becomes a problem with the water-based paint that it is easy to occur soon after the painting.We developed water-based paint improving a coating softening trouble by human sebum greatly.

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We have executed the outdoor exposure of various kinds of exterior decorative finish coatings, and the relation between the paint film physical properties and dirt pick-up tendency from the outdoor exposure has been investigated. The higher the surface hardness was and the lower the elongation ratio by tensile test was, the paint film without function of generating hydrophilic property showed better dirt pick-up resistance. On the other hand, dirt pick-up resistance of the paint film that has function of generating hydrophilic property did not show much correlation with those properties above, but was depending on only water contact angle on the paint film surface. This time, we will report new findings obtained from the continued outdoor exposure and the difference of dirt pick-up tendency by starting season of outdoor exposure.

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There is a clear painting specification to utilize the design of the concrete casting release. The painting specification by the agent course is general for the current state, but completion by a basin system is desired by environmental response. A person of the basin system specification chooses as the design, and something high is made, it becomes more carbonation, there is a problem with inhibiting effect. So it becomes more carbonation, to develop the excellent painting specification in inhibiting effect, paint, combination and the coating number of times, etc. were considered. As a result, it becomes more carbonation by the thing which makes the coating number of times of the improved floated coat paint coating twice, it was possible to develop the high water fluoro resin clear painting specification of the inhibiting effect.

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I performed an outdoor exposure examination and, about the wood protection painting materials used for outdoor parts of a wooden landmark architecture such as castles, evaluated weatherability. I did the specimen with six kinds of plans of three kinds of wood protection paint with glue and powdered charcoal, persimmon tannin and powdered charcoal, persimmon tannin and powdered ferric oxide, three kinds of traditional wood protection painting materials that I mixed. I report a result until 18 months.

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In this study, it makes clear the effects of production conditions on the frost resistance of the tile using special extra high early strength cement in order to use the materials in cold regions. In this paper, it is reported the results of one-side water absorption freezing and thawing test on the specimens planned by design of experiments (L8) considering the effective production conditions for frost resistance. According to the results. It is made clear that the effective conditions for improvement of frost resistance are low water cement ratio and using AE agent.

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The frost resistance of siding materials is not evaluated properly. “Critical Degree of Saturation method” is an evaluation method for the frost resistance of the materials from comparison of the critical degree of saturation (Scr) and water absorption (Scap). But it is difficult to estimate Scr from the experimental results, and it needs the easy way to calculate Scr. In this study, we investigated the calculation method to obtain Scr from material properties. The results show a possibility to estimate Scr from early water absorption rate of the materials based on sufficient data.

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We recognize that the Shikkui which makes the slaked lime the main ingredient prevents occurrence mildewed and propagation as experience.In order that this research may prove the capability of the mildew proof nature of Shikkui,the fungus resistance examination of Shikkui and general wall material was carried out. About Shikkui, the very high the mildew proof capability of Shikkui was proved regardless of the progress period after construction.This is conjectured to be because high pH of Shikkui have continued and have been held at the long period of time.

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This study examined the quality perfomance of the anchor pin with the injection mouth of 4.5mm diameter.

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This study make the qualitative grade list of the crash force of the steel balls and the document of the substitute impact test.

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In this paper, the effect of surface properties on the visual evaluation of various materials. Especially the rerationship between surface color and visual impression was investigated. The factors affecting, the visual evaluation such as brightness, depth of various materials surface were analyzed by performing the sensory test using the various materials specimen which were changing the surface finishing and surface color. Physical values of surface color was measured and the relationship between it and the results of sensory test was considered. It is cleared that the visual evaluation of specimen is affected by the physical value of L∗/b∗/Hue, visual brightness is related to the value of b∗ and L∗.

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The design of external finishing materials should be considered the changes of dirt and properties in service life to maintain the beauty of building in order to use the building for long term. However, it has not been made clear the influences of deteriorations on dirt of external finishing materials. In this study, it was carried out the external walls. According to the results, it is made clear that the color change between the dirty parts and general parts in walls without repair is big.

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This report is the LAOS country, and it is a case of the educational facility construction. The building is being handed to MOE in May,2006. For the construction, the student participation is being tried as one of the engineering design III.

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To tell authentisity, the current state is maintained to the cultural asset of the UNESCO World Heritage etc. On the other hand, to tell authentisity, the sightseeing development is done as for the area of the cultural asset in the surrounding. And, the cultural asset is contradicted by maintenance and development. This research examined the action on maintenance and development the case of Vietnam in the developing country. The investigation is four points at Hue, Hoi-An, My-Son, and Ha-Long bay in Vietnam. The survey content executed hearing and the inspection to a local engineer who worked for Management Office of the UNESCO World Heritage. As a result, it was possible to arrange it to four patterns based on a positional situation of the cultural asset and the life environment.

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These two cities are creating mega architecture in the middle of dessert. Their common concept is that buildings must be unique and iconic and people can only find in theses cities. These two cities are challenging sustainability of our future, consuming enormous energy in severe environment of dessert. Fake Architecture in Las Vegas is searching for dream in its size, on the other hand Architecture in Dubai is attracting the world with artificial land and iconic buildings. In this era when energy conservation is always on top priority, we will study and report on the sustainability of the two cities in the next,durability of its architectural structures invested by rich funds and also on technical limits on world tallest super high-rise buildings.

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By the last report, I reported the various methods about construction of the shrines and temples architecture in the present age.At first I mention a point to keep in mind in the on-site design and execution of the RC structure by this report from that.

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Japan accounts for only 1/1000 of the earth's surface but generates 10 percent of the world's earthquake activity. Disaster and risk management of densely populated metropolitan areas during and after earthquakes is vital in Japan. This involves getting accurate information to people in the disaster zones on evacuation procedures, positions of aftershocks, locations of fires, false reports, etc. In urban areas it is safe to have underground shelters, such as those used in Scandinavian countries, where people are not at risk of getting hit by falling debris. As an alternative local governments discussed how mobile phones could be used as a tool to manage these types of crisis and lessen the risk of injuries to citizens. Color Codes placed on walls and utility poles throughout urban areas allow people with mobile phones to connect to a server within 3 seconds by simply taking a photo of the code. Connecting to the server allows users to receive and upload the latest information on the disaster. This allows emergency personnel in charge of safety to quickly coordinate efforts with other agencies such as the police and fire departments to determine the best course of action to take.

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In order to convert building materials supporting sustainable buildings into “ecomaterials gentle both to the human beings and the environment”, building materials were classified from the viewpoint of resources origin of renewal, and non-renewal ones, I showed that we should increase the rate of use of renewal resources, and in non-renewal resources promote 3R (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle). On the other hand, based upon 6 row-8column eco-life-cycle matrix, ecomaterial-type building materials were classified. six performance and environmental evaluation terms were quantified by 5 rating numbers, and the radar chart visualization was done for pitch-type carbon short-cut fiber reinfoeced cement composite. I could obtain fruitful results of evaluation of ecobalance performance of various building composite materials.

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Further investigation will be needed to develop a new technology for useful application of waste clay roof tile more extensively. In the present study that targeted concrete secondary products as interior/exterior panels, we have examined the use of waste clay roof tile fine aggregate in ductile fiber reinforced cementitious composite(DFRCC). As a result, the fluidity on fresh mortar for execution of panel production is easy. Also, the use of colored waste clay roof tile fine aggregate not has influence on panel strength, and the possibility to create various combinatinations of tile colors.

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We developed an ecological-environmental friendly-building board made of bamboo fiber and portland cement and have manufactured it in Indonesia since 1992. One of the advantages in utilizing bamboo as a reinforcement fiber to the building board is to increase the resiliency of it. In addition, another advantage is that because the bamboo has high regeneration ability while it is deforested, we are not destroying the natural environment in South East Asia and, therefore, we are not inhibiting the original reduction efficiency of carbon dioxide. In this report, we will introduce the manufacturing method of it using Indonesian bamboo which has thicker wall than Japanese one and contains much cement hardening inhibitor, along with an evaluation result of its long-term durability on the basis of physical properties test applied to the “bamboo fiber reinforced cement board” which had been installed for 15 years without any coating to exposed external wall of our factory warehouse in Indonesia.

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About 95% of the total amount of wall paper is including the Polyvinyl Chloride in Japan. Polyvinyl chloride wall paper is durable. However, polyvinyl chloride makes hydrogen chloride at about 190°C when it heats, and to form dioxin. Therefore I examine that I reuse it as a recycling board without separating the material of the polyvinyl chloride in this paper.

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Recently, it is increasing the amount of installed the surface improvement materials such as surface improvement agent composed of Lithium silicate. However, the anti-carbonation capability of surface improvement materials are not clear. This Paper deals with a prediction method of carbonation progress in concrete with improved surface layer such as the concrete applied finishing materials to the surface, the concrete installed surface improvement agent. Authors carried out accelerated carbonation tests and literature survey, and propose a method of predicting the carbonation of concrete with improved surface layer.

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