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Volume 48, Issue 476
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Heiji TACHIKAWA1928 Volume 48 Issue 476 Pages 205-206
Published: 1928
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (382K) -
S. JIMBO, T. NAKAO1928 Volume 48 Issue 476 Pages 223-238
Published: 1928
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper contains the following articles:
1. Theoretical consideration on the driving torque and the retarding torque.
2. Experimental studies on the driving torque and the retarding torque.
3. Over-load character.
4. Temperature character.
5. Potential drop and power loss.
6. Effect of abnormal current.
The author has presented the simplified method of calculating the torque, by using the electric image and the principle of superposition.
The flux distribution in the air gap has been measured and its improvement has been pointed out.
The complete theory of the over-load character has been described, with the experimental verification.
The analytical studies on the temperature character has been described and the methods of its improvement have been explained.
The effect of the abnormal current on the character has been studied experimentally and it has been pointed out that its influence has not been remarkable generally.View full abstractDownload PDF (1592K) -
Heiichi NUKIYAMA, Kenzo NAGAI1928 Volume 48 Issue 476 Pages 244-259
Published: 1928
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProfessor A. E. Kennelly has proposed in his paper "Dissymmetrical Electrical Conducting Networks", A. I. E. E., Feb., 1923, to use the image impedance at the sending and the receiving ends, Z0a and Z0b and the hyperbolic angle between these ends θ as parameter in the theory of transmitting electrical networks. In the present paper the mathematical and the physical nature of these parameters are studied and the systematic deduction of the hyperbolic formulae, giving the relation between the sending and receiving end voltage and current V1V2I1I2 as
V1=V2√Z01/Z02 sinhθ1/sinhθ2 I1=I2√Z02/Z01 coshθ1/coshθ2……(53)
is shown, As the formula of mutual impedance Z12, which is the ratio of the sending end E. M. F. and the receiving end current, the writer proposes to use
Z12=(√Z01Z02+Z1Z2/√Z01Z02)εθ-(Z1-Z01)(Z1-Z02)/√Z01Z02 coshθ……(68)
when the reflection is small and
Z12=√Z01Z02 cosh(θ1+θ2+θ3)/sihθcoshθ……(70)
when the reflection is large. In these formulae Z1 and Z2 are the impedances connected. at the sending and the receiving ends.
Besides the ordinally recurrent network, a special recurrent network, in which the dissymmetrical section is connected in reversed order alternatively, so as there is no reflection at the junction, is considered. In this case the hyperbolic angle obeys the rule of simple addition.View full abstractDownload PDF (514K) -
Tadanori KURAYAMA1928 Volume 48 Issue 476 Pages 260-268
Published: 1928
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe writer's method of the determination of the proper size of the storage battery locomotive for mines, or the study of its transportation capacity is based on the temperature rise of the strage batteries. Alsd relative merits of mules, endless rope haulages, electric trollay locomotives and storage battery locomotives are discussed from operating and economical points of view. And the operating cost of one storage battery locomotive (3-4 ton) is approximately equal to 4 mules, and its transportation capacity more than 10 mules. It is recommended that the mules will be replaced by the locomotives.View full abstractDownload PDF (591K) -
H. ROKKAKU1928 Volume 48 Issue 476 Pages 269-276
Published: 1928
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough various experimental Researches have been made on oxide film arresters, which are now extensively used in high voltage transmission circuits there are still much to be studied in order that the behaviour may be more clearly and defintely understood.
Dynamic characteristics of the O-F arrester are observed with a Braun tube, as such test is believed to be one of the most important for the arrester tests. Fe2 O3 arrester, air film arrester, glass beads arrester, carborundum arrester and autovalve arrester were tested in the similar way. So that clear judgement may be enabled by comparative study of them.
1. The oxid film arrester has decidedly an ample discharge capacity, but at the same time, there seems to occur some uncertainty of action due to the change of material and displacement within the arrester cell. To give the proper initial-charge instead of coating varnish, and then, to charge occasionally during its use seems to have certain significance.
2. Fe2 O3 was found to be unfit for arrester, and about Fe3 O4 certain expectation is described though no experiments could be performed on it.
3. Both the air film arrester and the glass pellet arrester may, it is considered, be made to operate fairly well, though the present experiments failed to prove of it.
4. The autovalve arrester, as practically used at present, seemed to have too low a limit of discharge capacity. In the present experiment the result was somewhat unsatisfactory due to a little inadequate proportioning of the test sample. It could however be noted that its deficiency of discharge capacity may be improved to some extent by the proper design of the arrester.
5. The carborundum arrester seems to be have pretty well, but under successive discharge with considerable current strength, the material seems to become decomposed, thus making the behaviour somewhat uncertain.
6. Any one of the arrerter as above mentioned which is dischargers along certain compounds, is liable to show uncertainty of action due to the change with time of the material, such as the indefiniteness of the discharge voltage or the practical short circuit of the arrester.
7. Tests made with Dufour's Oscillograph may show the behaviour under a single impulse. The above mentioned dynamic characteristics can show continuously the effect of a series of impulses, and it may therefore not be entirely out of place to report the results of observetion like this on various known and unknown sorts or lightning arresters.View full abstractDownload PDF (536K) -
M. NAGASHIMA, H. MATSUDAIRA1928 Volume 48 Issue 476 Pages 277-283
Published: 1928
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Observations of Atmospheric disturbances were made in this summer at Horomushiro Radio Station in Paramousir Island, Japan.
It is interest to study a subject of Atmospheric disturbances of Northern Kurile Islands not only from the standpoint of radio services but from aeronautical technics.
2. Apparatuses used.
Atmospherics were observed by a uni-directional receiving set whicn tunes to 7700 metres and has a polar diagram of Cardioid by means of two coil antennae combined with a vertical aerial and a simple goniometer.
3. Method of Observations.
a. Strengths of Atmospherics were given in a telephone shunt resistance and number of disturbances per minute. The smaller shunted the resistance is, the stronger the disturbances are.
b, Directions, where the Atmospherics come from, were measured by setting the goniometer coil to the various directions, N, NE, E, SE, …etc.
c. Atmospherics were classified in Grinding, Clicks and Hissing.
4. Conclusion
a. As is well known, the Atmospherics were heavier in night than in daytime and increased its strergth gradually from July to August and September.
b. In most cases of the observations the Atmospherics were originated in the directions to the mountain regions of this island and Kamtchatka peninsula.
c. Among the classified disturbances, Grinding is most prevalent at any time Clicks and Hissing are and rerely, arisen.
d, We could not find any notable relation between Atmospherics and meteorological phenomena, but Showers and thunderstorms have always been preceded by a heavy Hissing continued for a several minutes.View full abstractDownload PDF (411K) -
K. OKABE1928 Volume 48 Issue 476 Pages 284-290
Published: 1928
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn previous communications (Journal of Instiute of Elec. Eng. of Japan, June and August, 1927) the author gave an account of a new method of producing undamped electromagnetic wave of from twenty to thirty centimeters in wave-length by means of a "magnetron". Stronger oscillations are now obtained in consequence of the following modifications.
The anode, which was originally a circular cyrinder of sheet metal, is now split into two or more segments by narrow splits cut parallel to the axis of the cylinder. There are accordingly two or more anode leads, instead of one, all lead out through the tube wall. These wires are brought together and made to approach the cathode lead at a certain point like B in the Fig. 1, and then connected toge her to the positive terminal of the high tention anode battery.
The separate anod lead and the anode segment seem to form a resonant circuit, the natural frequency of which can be alterad by varying the length of the lead between the point B and the anode segment. When, at the point B, the distance between the anode leads and the cathode lead is properly adjusted, a sort of tuning seems to occur, and the maximum oscillation thus obtained is generally several times stronger than ever.
The change of the wave-length due to the change of the anode voltage and the filament is inappreciably small.
In either case of the original incut-anode magnetron or the new split-anode magnetron, the essential facters for the production of the extra short waves are:
(1) A high anod voltage,
(2) a magnetic field stronger than the critical field of the magn
(3) a high vacuum.
A typical case of a very intense oscillation at neary 42 cms. is given below:
Dia. of anode=1.4cm.
Dia. of cathode=0.014cm.
Length of anode=2.6cm.
Length of cathod=3cm.
Vacuum tube: Split anode magnetron.
Table I
Fig. 2 shows the principal part of the sharp directive antenna which was constructed for the purpose of secret communications. In last, various exp rimental results regarding the extrashort wave communications are given.View full abstractDownload PDF (420K) -
M. IWATAKE1928 Volume 48 Issue 476 Pages 291-301
Published: 1928
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous report (J. I. E. E. of Japan No. 463.) the author described the experimental results on the time lag of surface creepage along the surface of a photographic plate, using two symmetrical electrodes placed upon i.
In the experiments here reported, unsymmetrical electrodes (see Fig. 1.) are used, and the polarity effect of the surface-creepage phenomena and its relation to the time lag of surface creepage along a photographic plate are studied.
The typical features of the polarity effect of the surface creepage are shown. (from Fig 3. to Fig. 10.) Their characteristics may be explained from the view point as proposed by prof. U. Yoshida in analysing LichtenbergFigures.
The surface-spark-over potential is studied, using high continuous potential obtained by means of 50, 000 volt Kenotron.
It is recognized from our experiments that the surface-spark-over potential across a gap between half-needle electrode and either a half-circular-plate electrode of a half-sphere electrode placed upon a glass plate (see Fig. 1.) is higher when the needle is made negative than when the needle is made positive. (Figs. 12. and 13.)
The polarity effect in the time lag of surface creepage along a photographic plate is then observed, utilizing the similar experimental method to that mentioned in the previous paper.
Assuming that the applied impulse has always constant height and shape and the surface creepage length is equal, it may be concluded that the time lag of surface creepage between a half-needle electrode and a half-sphere electrode or a half-circular-plate electrode as well, is shorter when the needle is made positive, and longer when the needle is made negative (from Fig. 16. to Fig. 19.)View full abstractDownload PDF (1256K) -
Tsunezo KAWASAKIYA1928 Volume 48 Issue 476 Pages 302-352
Published: 1928
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the general theory of the design of electric furnaces and heating apparatus.
In the first chapter, the writer calls engineers' attention to the fact that the art of designing an electric furnace or heating apparatus falls far behind that of other electric equipments, and the object of this research is to establish atechnical foundation of this line of engineering.
The second chapter deals with theory on analytical expression of geometrical quantities of the surrounding walls of an electric furnace under two assumptions practically admissible and they are expressed in the most universal forms by introducing a new set of co-ordinates originated by the author. A numerical example is given to illustrate the graphical calculation which may be conveniently uesd in place of algebraic calculation.
In the third chapter, thermal equations have been derived to express the steady distribution of temperature, heat flow and stored energy in the walls through which an electric current passes, and those distributions are represented by a graph which may be a handy guide to designers and operators.
In the fourth chapter some simple relations are derived by introducing equivalent physical constants for composite walls and an apparent thermal capacity which is denoted by the steady thermal energy stored in the furnace, divided by the temperature rise and corrected by means of an empirical expression.
The fifth chapter treats of practical thermal equations applicable for a furnace operated intermittently. The thermal quantities in a transient state
In the sixth chapter, the writer gives some information with regard to economical conditions to be kept in mind in the determination of the general contour of the furnace, the thickness of its surrounding walls and the resistive qualities of its material from the view point of economy; he also discusses the effect of the magnitude of supplied electric power upon the cost of the product being treated.
In the seventh chapter, the applications of the foregoing theory are illustrated in numerical examples arranged in a convenient order, and finally the writer tabulates the results of an experiment of a furnace which has been constructed according to the calculated data.
In the eighth chapter, the writer concludes that the principal aspect of this paper lies in having simplified the mathematical calculation by introducing a most universal analytical expression of geometrical quantity of the surrounding walls. The data calculated by the formulae are generally in accordance with experimental data but the diversity of the physical properties of the materials will cause rather greater errors.View full abstractDownload PDF (3211K)
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