In this study, on the basis of transport phenomena of chemical substances in soil and groundwater and estimation of exposure on human body, we aim at risk assessment for soil spreading of clothianidin as termiticide.
 We firstly described a numerical analysis model for multi-phase and multi-component systems considering a series of physical phenomena with soil spreading of termiticide. Then, for the purpose of estimation of adsorption behavior on soil particles, batch and column tests targeting multi-component systems consisting of IPBC, IAA and CIAA as model substances for antiseptic and fungicide in addition to clothianidin were conducted. As a result, it was found that the sorbability of each agent component on soil grain surface ranged from 1/10 to 1 compared with the results from batch tests due to the difference of the contact condition between dissolved components and soil grain in the micro pore space. Furthermore, using the numerical model, we optimized adsorption parameters for each agent through history matching for breakthrough curves obtained from a series of column tests.

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 Introduction of violacein-producing genes, vioABCDE, to two types of Cupriavidus sp. bacteria, that had strong TCE degradability, were examined to confer antiprotozoal property. The genes of vioABCDE were integrated into chromosome DNA of Cupriavidus sp. bacteria by using a Tn5 transposon vector. Colonies of transconjugants showed violet color due to violacein production. Transconjugants that showed deeper violet color were selected among transconjugants. Two selected transconjugants that derived from each parent strain were shown to avoid predation by a flagellate, Spumella. These transconjugants also maintained their original TCE degradability derived from their parent strain.

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 The authors' numerical urban weather forecasting model coupled with a building energy model named WRF-CM-BEM was validated toward its application to simultaneous prediction of urban weather and electricity supply-demand including photovoltaic power generation. In addition to the distribution of global horizontal irradiance (GHI) with a high spatial resolution, multi-site surface air temperatures and electricity demands within the coverage areas of individual electric power substations were observed in Osaka city for the validation in FY 2013, and those reproducibilities by the model were checked in the summer season. The validation indicated the good performance of WRF-CM-BEM in terms of reproducibilities of the electricity demand in a commercial area and surface air temperatures over Osaka city but with up to 40% overestimation of electricity demand in a residential district. The observed GHI was well reproduced by WRF-CM-BEM only with the error of 7% under clear sky conditions, but with remarkable overestimations under cloudy sky on the other hand, though the statistical characteristics of the observed spatial inhomogeneity of GHI were well simulated qualitatively. Through the validation, the strategy was clarified for further improvement of WRF-CM-BEM.

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 Security fences for wild animals are installed to prevent the deaths of wild animals on the highways by vehicles, but damage to such security fences is caused by the impact from medium to large animals considered to be wild boars. Accordingly, we conducted tests to analyze the relationship between speed, position, and deformation of the fence after an impact by a wild boar. The test results indicate that wild boars hit the fence in a position with the nose thrust upward; consequently, location of the horizontal wire near the point of impact is critical in reducing deformation of the fence. Based on these results, we propose an improved fence with consideration for the location of the horizontal wire.

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 In this paper, we target long-term prediction of soil and groundwater contamination due to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). On the basis of adsorption parameter of Cr(VI) on soil particles obtained by experimental work, history matching for long-term monitoring of Cr(VI) concentration in groundwater and the amount of Cr(VI) recovery by pumping was carried out in order to reproduce latest contamination status due to Cr(VI) by numerical analysis. Through history matching process, we obtained the optimized adsorption parameter considering decrease of Cr(VI) sorbability due to co-existence ions in groundwater and estimated total amount of Cr(VI) inflow into aquifer from contaminated source. In addition, based on reproduced latest contamination status, long-term prediction of this contamination was carried out for estimation of concentration change in groundwater and the effect of measures for pollution control by pumping. As a result, it was found that the effect of remediation of contamination due to Cr(VI) was significantly high by setting new multi pimping wells along the direction of pollution expansion in the view of decrease of health risk.

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 This paper reports a case study of vibration mitigation by WIB measures for road traffic. The Wave Impeding Barrier (WIB) employs a performance design for claimed vibration levels in view of vibration regulations and specification. The field measurements of vibrations at the site indicate L_max of 64 dB in average, and 70 dB of the maximum. The predominant frequencies exist in the range of 12 Hz ～ 16 Hz. This situation claims 10 dB for reduction in order to improve the vibration environment to the comfortable 55 dB. The WIB measures, basically of honeycomb shaped cells but deformed geometrically, or substituted by macadam compaction in the area of buried pipes exist, are constructed by soil piles made of the cement mixing method. The vibration measurement after WIB construction proved that the L_max is reduced by 13 dB for maximum and 10 dB in average.

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