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Volume 19 (1992)
- Issue 4 Pages 151-
- Issue 3 Pages 103-
- Issue 2 Pages 57-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 19, Issue 3
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Yasuhiro Takaichi, Shigeharu Kittaka, Michiko Kodama1992 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 103-112
Published: July 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe process of transformation of a large multilamellar vesicle (MLV) composed of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) into a small unilamellar vesicle (SUV) brought about by ultrasonic irradiation was calorimetrically investigated. It was found that the final state of SUV is attained by way of a large vesicle of unilamellar-like packing, which appears with an increase in length of the irradiation. Representative three types of vesicles of different sizes and lamellar multiplicities, i. e., sonicated SUV, sonicated large unilamellar-like vesicle, and unsonicated MLV, showed a characteristic thermotropic behavior of the phase transition of the gel to liquid crystal (Tm transition). The enthalpy and entropy changes, and also the transition temperature associated with the Tm transition increased in the order SUV < large unilamellar-like vesicle < MLV. Furthermore, the annealing treatment at approximately -5°C caused the SUV to transform finally into a vesicle of multilamellar packing by way of the large unilamellar-like vesicle. The schematic diagram of Gibbs energy (G)-vs-temperature (T) curves for the gel phase were revealed to lower in the order SUV < large unilamellar-like vesicle < MLV, similar to the enthalpy (H)-vs-temperature (T) curves for this phase. This fact indicated that DMPC vesicles are thermodynamically stabilized by the enthalpy effect resulting from a closely packed aggregation of the lipid molecules.View full abstractDownload PDF (2032K) -
Hirohisa Sakurai1992 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 113-118
Published: July 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe triple point temperatures of pure mercury, water and gallium are estimated by a thermal analytical method using mercury samples with nominal purities of 7N and 9N, gallium with 7N and water with 5N. The differences between the triple point temperatures realized by the pure samples and by the conventional triple point equipment are less than 0.1mK, which is estimated from the relation of melting temperature vs. the inverse of the fraction of melt. Concerning the triple point of water, the main source of the uncertainty is the ambiguity of the isotopic composition, rather than the error from impurities. The uncertainty of the unit of temperature, kelvin, is in the same situation. The definition of the unit by the gas constat has now a high potential to replace the present definition of the kelvin.View full abstractDownload PDF (936K) -
Yosuke Kataoka1992 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 119-128
Published: July 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComputer simulations are reviewed in the study of molecular liquids and solutions. The characteristics in the computer simulations, and what is expected from the computer simulations in the study of the thermal propeties of substances are summarized from the stand point of the experimentalists who want to study the microscopic aspects also. Three examples are described: the calculation of the free energy of liquids/solutions, the derivation of the equation of state of liquid water, and the calculation of the transport properties of liquid water by the computer simulations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1295K) -
Makoto Minowa1992 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 129-134
Published: July 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new bolometric technique to detect elementary particles is reviewed. The development of composite bolometers is motivated by the needs in the field of elementary paricle physics. The good energy sensitivity and variety in the selection of absorbers of the composite bolometer are essential of the applications to direct detection of dark matter and measurement of double beta decays.View full abstractDownload PDF (1444K) -
E. Königsberger, E. Schuster, H. Gamsjäger, C. God, K. Hack, ...1992 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 135-144
Published: July 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComputer assisted thermochemistry is nowadays a tool that can be applied in many fields. Provided the thermochemical data, i. e. the Gibbs energy as function of temperature, and for solution phases also of composition, are known for all possible phases of a chemical system, the Gibbs energy minimization techniques available today allow rapid and reliable calculation of complex equilibrium states. Several applications of the program Chem Sage are discussed to give a better understanding of the general scope of computer assisted thermochemistry. The examples cover such different cases as salt production from brines, combustion equilibria with heat balances, the avoidance of clogging problems in continuous casting of steels and the optimization of hard-facing alloy.View full abstractDownload PDF (1717K) -
T. Konomi, H. Sugiura1992 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 145-147
Published: July 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (377K)
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