Netsu Sokutei
Online ISSN : 1884-1899
Print ISSN : 0386-2615
ISSN-L : 0386-2615
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Volume 32, Issue 2
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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  • High Sensitive Differential AC-Chip Calorimeter for Nanogram Samples
    Heiko Huth, Alexander Minakov, Christoph Schick
    2005 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 70-76
    Published: March 31, 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11311/jscta1974.32.70
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A differential AC chip calorimeter based on commercially available sensors is described. Due to the differential setup pJK-1 sensitivity is achieved. Heat capacity can be measured for sample masses below one nanogram. This corresponds to heat capacities below one nJK-1 even above room temperature as needed for the study of the glass transition in nanometer thin polymeric films. The calorimeter allows for the frequency dependent measurement of complex heat capacity in the broad frequency range from 1Hz to 1kHz for sample masses of some nanograms.
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  • Development and Applications of a nW-stabilized DSC
    Hideaki Inaba, Ken-ichi Tozaki, Hideko Hayashi, Shaolan Wang
    2005 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 77-85
    Published: March 31, 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11311/jscta1974.32.77
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A high sensitivity and high resolution DSC working between 220 and 400K with a baseline stability of ±3nW, with a low noise of nV order, with a quick response time of 2s and with a temperature resolution of 0.1mK, capable of measuring in the both directions of heating and cooling has been designed and constructed. The stability of the baseline was achieved by the use of a high sensitive temperature sensor, a precise temperature control of ±0.1mK, an adiabatic control, the damping devices to decrease the temperature fluctuation at the sample cell and the devices to decrease noises on the lead wires. Very fine structures of phase transitions were observed at a cooling rate of 5μKs-1 in the measurement of C22H46 by application of the nW-stabilized DSC. The measurement of the melting of C15H31COOH and C32H66 employing very small samples of μg order was carried out as well and the results demonstrated the high sensibility of the nW-stabilized DSC.
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  • Single Molecule Measurements and Energetics of Biological Nanomachine
    Masayoshi Nishiyama, Takahiro Harada
    2005 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 86-94
    Published: March 31, 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11311/jscta1974.32.86
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    Movement is a fundamental characteristic of all living things. This biogenic function is attributed to molecular motors in a cell. Molecular motors are mechano-chemical enzymes that generate forces by using chemical energy derived from the hydrolysis reaction of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules. Despite a large number of studies on this issue, the mechanism of mechano-chemical energy transduction is still unsolved. In this review, we describe the experimental and theoretical approaches for elucidating the mechanism how kinesin motors generate the unidirectional movement along a microtubule. By use of a novel single-molecule-detection technique, we detected the elementary processes on the sliding movement of single kinesin molecules. Motility analysis has revealed that a stochastic mechanism underlies in the unidirectional movement of kinesin. To explain the energetic aspects of the stochastic movements, we constructed a new phenomenological framework based on non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, and determined the energetic balance in single kinesin molecules. It is indicated that the hydrolysis energy of ATP is effectively used to generate the unidirectional movement. Our experimental and theoretical approaches will help to understand thermodynamics of nano-world.
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  • Thermodynamic Evaluation of Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams of Small Particle Systems
    Toshihiro Tanaka, Masashi Nakamoto
    2005 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 95-102
    Published: March 31, 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11311/jscta1974.32.95
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    Binary phase diagrams of nano-particle alloy systems have been evaluated from the information on the Gibbs energy and the surface tension of bulk systems. As the size of a particle decreases, the melting point of pure component decreases and the liquid phase region is enlarged in binary phase diagrams, in other words, the liquidus temperature decreases. In addition, solid solutions in nano-particle systems have larger composition ranges than those in bulk alloys. It is found from the above evaluation that the size dependence of a particle on phase diagrams is remarkable when excess Gibbs energies have large positive values in solid and liquid phases.
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  • Phlogiston
    2005 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 103-104
    Published: March 31, 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11311/jscta1974.32.103
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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