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Volume 31 (2004)
- Issue 5 Pages 227-
- Issue 4 Pages 164-
- Issue 3 Pages 100-
- Issue 2 Pages 62-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 31, Issue 3
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Katsunori Yamaguchi2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 100-107
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe heat contents of the ZnTe compound were measured by a drop calorimeter in the temperature range from 750 to 1600K. The enthalpy of fusion of the ZnTe compound was determined as 51.1±0.3kJ mol-1 at corresponding melting point of 1573±3K. The heat content and heat capacity equations were derived by Shomate function for the solid compound. The enthalpy of formation of the ZnTe compound and the integral enthalpy of mixing for the liquid Zn-Te system were measured by direct reaction calorimetry at 800, 1173 and 1373K using a high temperature twin calorimeter. The enthalpy of mixing of the liquid Zn-Te phase shows large negative values in the neighborhood of the compound composition. This behavior dependent anomalies is explained by a chemical short range order in liquid alloys. The obtained thermodynamic data for the Zn-Te system was used to reassess the system following CALPHAD standard. An associated solution model for the liquid phase and standard Gibbs energy functions for the three solid phases (Zn, ZnTe and Te) were used. The thermodynamic properties and phase diagram calculated from the reassessed system agree well with the experimental data.View full abstractDownload PDF (1340K) -
As Exemplified by the Precipitation Reactions of Zinc Salts and their Thermal DecompositionsHaruhiko Tanaka, Yoshinobu Matsuda, Nobuyoshi Koga, Yoshihiro Furukawa2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 108-116
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThermoanalytical studies of reactions involving basic zinc salts were made as an example of application of thermal analysis to the fundamental research on developing teaching materials for chemistry education. The studies were complemented by pH titrimetry, thermometric titrimetry, chemical analysis, IR spectrometry, and X-ray diffractometry. On the basis of the results, the possibility was suggested that some investigative teaching materials are developed by introducing the precipitation reactions and thermal decomposition of the basic zinc salts into chemistry courses at a secondary education level. It was proposed that the thermoanalytical measurements for the basic zinc salts applied in the present study are also utilized successfully as teaching materials for educating thermal analysis at universities and colleges.View full abstractDownload PDF (1981K) -
Kunimasa Koga2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 117-124
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn many cases, microbes exist on solid phase. Microbes on solid phase multiply as colonial growth. It is known that the growth on solid phase is different from the growth in liquid state. Comparing with microbes in liquid state, microbes on solid phase are hard to take nutrients. And the environment of microbes varies from place to place in the colony and affects the metabolism of microbes.
Information of colonial growth of microbes on solid phase is required for prevention of putrefaction of solid food, utilization of soil microbes or investigation of a infection mechanism of pathogenic bacteria to an organism.
However, the information regarding colonial growth of microbes on solid phase is not enough compared with that of microbes in liquid state by the reason of the absence of suitable and quantitative methods of estimating the colonial growth curve.
In this article, microbial calorimetry is introduced to be the method suitable for nondestructive measurement of microbial colonial growth on solid phase. Changes in the metabolic heats of colonial growth with time (the growth thermogram) are obtained with good reproducibility. The actual heat evolution curves (f(t) curves) obtained from the thermograms of growing colonies give good agreement with the changes in viable cell numbers in colonies under the same conditions. Using microbial calorimetry, the colonial growth of microbes can be evaluated quantitatively. And still, the method is useful for evaluation of the complicated phenomenon by microbes such as putrefaction, and development of novel natural substances which suppress the colonial growth microbes.View full abstractDownload PDF (2758K) -
Takeo Ozawa2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 125-132
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFundamental relations are derived for a single elementary process by using concepts of “generalized time” and “generalized rate”. These concepts are useful for describing reactions in which only a single elementary process is involved, and by using these useful relations isoconversion methods for kinetic analysis, both of integral methods and a derivative method, are derived and explained with some illustrations. The methods for kinetic analysis and other descriptions in this article are also applicable to physical changes of a single elementary process, such as diffusion and thermal stimulated currents.View full abstractDownload PDF (1615K) -
The Wave Nature of Proton and Its Consequences in the Properties of CrystalsTakasuke Matsuo2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 133-145
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper reviews structure and properties of crystals related to quantum mechanics of nuclear motion. The basic quantum theory of the harmonic oscillator and free rotor formed by atoms in molecules is briefly reviewed. It is extended to include tunnel states as explicit indication of the wave-like property of the nucleus. The term proton cloud is introduced to describe the delocalized proton. Deuteration-induced phase transitions in bromohydroxyphenalenone is presented as evidence for the quantum nature of the nuclear motion. Direct observation of the tunnel level by far infrared spectroscopy is described along with the potential energy curve for the proton derived from the spectroscopic data.
Isotope-dependent properties are further reviewed for deuteration induced phase transitions in tri-alkali hydrogen disulfates and similar diselenates studied by calorimetry and neutron diffraction. Neutron diffraction at low temperature shows a delocalized proton in ground state of these crystals. In chromous acid an even stronger isotope effect occurs and has been discussed in terms of the crystal structure of this particular compound. Rotational tunneling of ammonium ions and its consequences in the phase behavior and structure are then discussed for diammonium hexachloroplatinate and isomorphous cubic crystals. Neutron diffraction combined with the low temperature heat capacity has revealed that the hydrogen nuclei in these crystals are delocalized in tori of 0.8 angstrom in diameter which surround tetrahedrally the nitrogen atom at the center of the ammonium ion. Finally, the relation of the wave-like properties of nuclear motion to chemical reaction and proton polarizability is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (3287K) -
Yatsuhisa Nagano2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 146-150
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe history from the recognition of atmospheric pressure to the thermodynamic standard state pressure (SSP) is reviewed. Originally, the SSP was defined to be 101.325kPa, one atmosphere in terms of a conventional unit, which was based on the normal atmosphere. However, IUPAC recommended 100kPa as a new SSP in 1981. The normal atmosphere had not just been a standard (prototype) of pressure unit, but a knowledge relating to the recognition of atmospheric pressure and the normal boiling points of chemical substances. This is the reason why the IUPAC recommendation on the SSP has not completely prevailed even in chemistry.View full abstractDownload PDF (1978K) -
Tadashi Arii, Akira Kishi2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 151-152
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (366K) -
Luc Benoist, Lionel Rousseau, Christine Dalmazzone, Benjamin Herzhaft2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 153
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (137K) -
T. Irifune, M. Isshiki2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 154-155
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (364K) -
2004 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 155
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (176K)
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