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Volume 38 (2011)
- Issue 5 Pages 149-
- Issue 4 Pages 112-
- Issue 3 Pages 77-
- Issue 2 Pages 46-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 38, Issue 5
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Article
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Tadashi Arii2011 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 149-156
Published: November 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2022
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSimultaneous thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis and photoionization mass spectrometry (TG-DTA-PIMS) instrument connected with a skimmer-type interface has been successfully developed. Vacuum ultraviolet light used as a photoionization (PI) source provides an efficient and fragment-free method for soft ionization of gaseous organic compounds. In addition to this advantage, a real-time monitoring analysis of activated pyrolysates can be performed because transformation of the evolved gaseous species is suppressed by the skimmer-type interface, and fragmentation during ionization can be avoided with PI. These features permit a better understanding of the thermal behavior and the precise pyrolysates of polymeric materials. The pyrolysis of various standard reagent polymers such as Nylons, poly(methyl methacrylate) and polyethylene have been examined in a helium atmosphere. The synergy effect of the skimmer-type interface and PIMS was evaluated and compared with conventional electron ionization MS results. The pyrolysates observed in the mass spectra consisted of only the parent ions. It was confirmed that the real-time monitoring PIMS worked satisfactorily. A valuable application of TG-DTA-PIMS is in fingerprint analyses of unknown commercial polymers. The results were compared with the PI mass spectra obtained from the pyrolysis of standard reagent polymers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1009K)
Review
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Junko Morikawa, Toshimasa Hashimoto2011 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 157-164
Published: November 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2022
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA recent advance in thermal imaging is overviewed with the actual imaging results using an infrared camera applied to the micro-scale heat transfer observation. The micro-scale visual thermal analysis and the lock-in thermography are presented. The latent heat's generation and dissipation at minus temperature during freezing of biological plant and animal cells are visualized that clarifies the thermal diffusion effect on crystallization and the vitrification. The on-lamellae thermal analysis of n-alkane visualizes the early stage of anisotropic lamella formation. The crystallization front of polymeric spherulite of poly(ethylene oxide) visualizes the temperature rise of ~ 200 mK. The basic results of lock-in thermography visualizing the in-plane thermal diffusivity and the thermal interface are presented with a modulated spot heating method using a diode laser that is used to generate a thermal wave inside the specimen. A promising future of micro-bolometer sensor is introduced.View full abstractDownload PDF (1658K) -
Young-Ho Lee, Satoshi Kume, Takashi Inui, Yuji Goto2011 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 165-173
Published: November 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2022
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCalorimetry is one of the most powerful and convenient approaches for researching reactions accompanied by heat. Hence, researchers such as protein science, pharmaceutical science, and polymer science have been effectively applying calorimetric methods. We described the practical applications of calorimetric techniques to molecular interactions between proteins and small molecules such as drug candidates in terms of energetics. Given that no unified comprehensive summary of the structural thermodynamics important in understanding and designing molecular interactions and drug candidates is available, we first review structural thermodynamics based on calorimetric results in a concise way. The basis of advanced applications of empirical relations to binding reactions is described following a general and simple means of using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) data. We further describe our recent applications of ITC results and structural thermodynamics to protein-protein interactions. Second, the general energetic nature of molecular binding events is explained by using databases containing a number of case studies obtained by ITC and statistical analysis. Based on these trends and experimental efforts manipulating entropy and enthalpy, thermodynamic optimization for selecting and designing drug candidates has been improved. Well-rounded exploitation of calorimetry with structural thermodynamics is key to increasing the current understanding of molecular interactions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1064K) -
Hidehiko Honda2011 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 174-180
Published: November 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2022
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTemperature-modulated polarized light microscopy means the optical microscopy technique with the hot-stage by which the sample temperature is modulated periodically or step-like. Basic techniques for the temperature-modulated polarized light microscopy are summarized. The hot-stage was constructed using heating through light to give heat-flow modulation to the sample. The thermometer was put on the place which the heat reaches later than the sample. An example of application of the techniques to the studies of the phase transition of n-C36H74 is described. The small crystal of n-C36H74 was observed in the rotator phase transition temperature region. In the temperature region, the rotator phase coexists with the solid phase (low-temperature ordered phase). The boundaries of the two phases move reversibly with the temperature change. The area change of the rotator phase can be described by the Debye relaxation. The relaxation time agrees well with that of the dynamic specific heat.View full abstractDownload PDF (797K)
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2011 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 183-184
Published: November 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2022
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (614K)
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