In the continually growing realm of therapeutic siRNA research, inhaled delivery of siRNA has been an attention-grabbing route of administration due to its potential as a targeted approach for protein synthesis inhibition through RNA interference. Evident hurdles to effective siRNA delivery include overcoming the natural defenses of the lungs as well as intracellular internalization and release of siRNA. This valuable article discusses different preparation methods for multiple types of nanoparticulate delivery systems of siRNA that have been composed of lipids, polymers, peptides, and inorganic materials. Additionally, the authors discuss examples of these cutting-edge nanoparticle siRNA delivery systems to the lungs via various inhalation delivery devices.
Recent progresses in laser ablation technology enables to generate various kind of nanoparticles with unique functionalities and superior performance. This review discusses the formation mechanism and techniques for synthesizing the functional nanostructures such as size-controlled semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, nanowires, and core shell nanoparticles.
Widely used in the minerals, cement, ceramics and chemical industries for 150 years, ball mills have attracted the attention of engineers in describing size reduction quantitatively for over 70 years. However, this last quarter of a century has been particularly active, given the widespread use of the discrete element method, which has triggered the development of novel modeling approaches to describe size reduction in them. The work reviews the various hurdles that have been faced by researchers and the solutions proposed to overcome them in describing size reduction in ball mills using the so-called advanced models, with emphasis on the work by the author and his co-workers at the University of Rio de Janeiro.
The present study through batch kinetic experiments with the use of quartz as test material aims to assess the effect of ball filling volume on the specific rate of breakage and identify the cumulative breakage function by keeping the powder filling volume constant. A new methodology is proposed by combining two software packages for the reliable description of the grinding process that enables the scale-up of laboratory results to larger scale mills.