So-called health foods generally refer to "general foods that can be expected to have some positive favorable effects on health". According to the Consumer Affairs Agency about 40 to 60% of the population consume "health foods". This study aimed to compare the differences between various physical conditions (hypertension, diabetes, etc.) and health food utilization attitude (recognitions and behaviors、hereafter: HFU-attitude) . The subjects were 150 men and 150 women, (in their 40s to 60s) using health foods. The questionnaire was neutral for personal characteristics such as gender and age. Factor analyses and binomial logistic regression analyses were performed. As a result, 28 attitudes (recognitions and behaviors) to health foods were extracted under the control of confounding factors such as gender, age and involvement of supports by physicians. Of these, 15 factors were significantly related to one or more physical conditions, and most of the odds ratios were around 1.5 (including those after reciprocal transformation) . It was shown that the involvement of each factor and the supports by physician differed depending on the physical condition, and the attitude (recognitions and behaviors) regarding health food differed depending on the difference in the physical condition. Based on the fact that users’ attitudes (recognitions and behaviors) to the use of health foods differ depending on their gender, age, and physical condition, it was thought that future usage guidelines should be determined.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences in muscle activity of the four muscles i.e., the sternal part of the pectoralis major (PM_stem), the clavicular part of the pectoralis major (PM_clav), anterior part of the deltoid (Del), and the lateral head of the triceps (TRI) induced by the different incline angles bench press exercise. The participants healthy adult males who had resistance training experience. The relative load was 70% of the 1 repetition maximum (RM) at each inclination angle, and the absolute weight was 40 kg, and the electromyogram was measured at each angle of inclination. In the 70% 1RM, muscle activity in PM_stem was significantly higher in 0° (flat bench press) compared to the other angles, and there were no significant difference in muscle activities in the other muscles at each incline angle. In the 40 kg, muscle activities in PM_stem and DEL in 0°was significantly lower than the other angles, but muscle activity in PM_clav in 0°was significantly higher than other angles. No significant difference in muscle activity in TRI was observed among each tilt angle. At a 70% 1RM, our results suggested that the flat bench press could generates high muscle activity in all four muscles simultaneously. On the other hand, 40kg results suggested that the 20°,40°and 60°incline bench press could generates higher muscle activity than flat bench press in PM_clav.

In 2000, Japan's long-term care insurance system (LTCIS) switched the emphasis from family care to social care. This study verifies the extent to which the necessary knowledge has been established by gender and age group in the past quarter of a century and to obtain information that will contribute to improving the quality of the LTCIS.

This study is a cross-sectional survey, with an anonymous questionnaire conducted on a total of 1,008 people using the national monitoring system of a web research company. The survey comprised basic information, 18 questions to check the level of knowledge and open-response questions. Logistic regression analysis and analysis of variance were used for quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis was conducted using KH Coder co-occurrence network analysis (CONA) to clarify the context of various opinions regarding the operation of long-term care insurance. Consequently, scores for age and cohabitation with parents were significantly high, and the use of local government public relations and the Internet (IN) increased the scores. Scores were significantly higher for women in their 20s, 50s, and ages 60-64. Main causes and interaction with information media differed significantly by gender and age group, with women collecting information from IN and books, especially among those in their 50s and ages 60-64. The CONA analysis strongly emphasized the importance of information media and the context of awareness of the LTCIS. Furthermore, a comparison of questions derived from public relations of ordinance-designated cities and questions derived from other sources showed that the former had a higher percentage of correct answers and was highly significant, indicating that enhancing and expanding the content of local government public relations is effective in improving the level of knowledge of the LTCIS.

Background and Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore discrimination among medical professionals in association with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Participants were nursing professionals working in 20 acute hospitals located in Kanto and various other eastern prefectures in Japan. Participants completed an anonymous survey consisting of questions in both optional and open-ended formats. Statistical analyses included binomial logistic regression analysis (bLRA) and free-description co-occurring network analysis (CONA).

Results and discussion: A total of 3,116 nursing professionals completed the survey. Based on the results from bLRA, participants in their 30s (odds ratio [OR] = 2.03, p<0.05), working in respiratory wards (OR =2.24, p<0.05) and those who had experience in caring for COVID-19 patients (OR=1.86, p<0.05) were approximately twice as susceptible to discrimination compared to participants without these characteristics. Considering the results from CONA, most participants reported that they experienced that patients were grateful. However, contrary to our expectations, several participants also reported to have experienced heartless discrimination from doctors and other staff working at the same hospitals. In contrast, varying situations were reported considering the neighborhoods of the hospitals. While at hospitals themselves, participants reported to have been targets of stigmatized discrimination, and various forms of discrimination were reported to have occurred at nursery schools and kindergartens, frequent signs and letters of gratitude have been provided by elementary and junior high schools. The latter might reflect a different form of awareness at schools, given that measures against bullying in the educational context are taken on a daily basis.

Conclusion: Based on the present analyses, organized responses within hospitals and administrative responses related to nursery schools and kindergartens might be essential in times of crisis.

In modern Japan, parents are most likely to pay attention to their children’s educational environment and changes during the first semester of their child’s first year of school (nursery school, kindergarten) and second semester (elementary and junior high school). However, it has not been adequately discussed. Therefore, the aim was to clarify the difference in perception of the compatibility between the residential environment and the educational environment before and after school. The analysis methods applied the Subject Limit method, and a total of 634 people in both groups, both families with one child, were surveyed on the web targeting mothers nationwide.

Categorical factor analysis (cFA), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by SPSS_28, Multiple Group Structural Equation Modeling (MGSEM) was used to create an SEM model of residence selection. The cFA has extracted three characteristics: convenience, educational support environment, learning environment, entertainment environment, and proximity to acquaintances and relatives. The admissible fit was shown in a model using these as latent variables. In addition, MGSEM was performed to compare the differences before and after schooling. The results showed that the degree of influence on both groups differed from the impact of convenience, the educational support environment, and the learning environment on the importance of public transportation convenience. The path of urban attractiveness and convenience and enthusiasm in education and childcare settings has significantly increased the standardization coefficient at the compulsory education stage, which changes the opportunities and objectives for parents to engage in their children’s activities as the child grows. It is thought that this is because the heavy point changes.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the specific development process of comprehensive care management that responds to the multilayered needs of "multi-problem families" in the community based on the results of a survey of care meetings in the fields of elderly and disability and care managers involved in those meetings. Participant observations were conducted at 11 care meetings in the process of supporting cases of multiproblem families. We also conducted semi-structured interviews with seven care managers involved in the case. The data were qualitatively analyzed using M-GTA. The theme of the analysis was "Support Plan Formulation Process in the Support Network for Multi-Problem Families," and the focus of the analysis was "Care Managers Involved in Support for Multi-Problem Families." As a result of the analysis, 21 concepts and 8 categories were extracted. In addition, as a core category, "the need for a central role in the family support team" was extracted. Then, the category is indicated by【】, the subcategory is [ ], and the concept is indicated by « ». Care managers feel the need for a "central presence in the family support team" in supporting multi-problem families. In addition, it became clear that they felt the "dilemma" of "not being able to see concrete measures" for support for the whole family.

The results show that the care management process is developed with ambiguity in the formulation of support plans and the institutions that play a central role. These results suggest that the care management process that responds to the multi-layered needs of multi-problem families is not comprehensive and continuous, and does not function organically.