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Article type: Cover
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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Article type: Index
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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Akiko MORI, Akio BABA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
1-6
Published: June 30, 1996
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Extrusion characteristics of fresh cement morter including four kinds of advanced fibers with high tensile strength were experimentally examined in comparison with standard cement mortar which consisted of Portland cement, standard silica sand, water methyl cellulose as visco additives and chrysotile as fiber ones. The productivity of cemet mortar with new advanced fibers is not so proper than that with chrysotile. It is possible to evaluate propriety for extrusion moulding through single shear characteristcs, The countermeasures for increasing choesion are necessary for holding the shape fo die opening.
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Yoshihiko OHAMA, Katsunori DEMURA, Masayuki MIYAKE
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
7-12
Published: June 30, 1996
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The purpose of this study is to predict the carbonation rate coefficient of polymer-modified mortars by both accelerated carbonation and outdoor exposure tests. The polymer-modified mortars using three types of polymer dispersions are prepared with various polymer-cement ratios, and tested for carbonation by an acceletesmethod and through a 5-year outdoor exposure. The carbonation rate coefficient by the 5-year outdoor exposure is compared with that by the accelerated carbonation. In conclusion, the prediction of the carbonation rate coeffcient corresponding to outdoor exposure is proposed.
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Tatsuhiko KOMIYAMA, Yonezou NAKANO, Yasuo TANIGAWA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
13-20
Published: June 30, 1996
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Extrusion characteristics of fresh cement morter including four kinds of advanced fibers with high tensile strength were experimentally examined in comparison with standard cement mortar which consisted of Portland cement, standard silica sand, water methyl cellulose as visco additives and chrysotile as fiber ones. The productivity of cemet mortar with new advanced fibers is not so proper than that with chrysotile. It is possible to evaluate propriety for extrusion moulding through single shear characteristcs, The countermeasures for increasing choesion are necessary for holding the shape fo die opening.
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Hidenori ONO, Hiroki TAKAHASHI, Jota IZUMI, Shigeaki TAKAHASHI
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
21-29
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This paper presents the evaluation method on slipperiness of flat and inclined floors from a viewpoint of safety of the aged, and the difference of the evaluation between the aged and the other people. We carried out sensory test using 108 persons, 21〜85 years old, to make the evaluation scales f slipperiness. We showed that C. S. R and C. S. R-Li mesured by "O-Y・PSM" correspond to the evaluation scales of the aged (60〜85 years), and that the evaluation of middle-aged (21〜59 years) was similar to one of the aged. Then the correspondences were presented as evaluation indexes.
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Yusuke MARUYAMA, Yoshihiko TANIIKE, Hiroaki NISHIMURA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
31-37
Published: June 30, 1996
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To consider aeroelastic instabilities of prismatic high-rise buildings in strong winds, i.e., vortex induced oscillation or galloping, unsteady aerodynamic forces must be investigated as the external forces acting on building. From this point of view, wind tunnel experiments were performed to obtain the information of fluctiating pressures on side face of a building, which is subjected to the forced harmonic oscillation with a fundamental linear mode in a boundary layer. This paper presents the characteristics of fluctuating pressures on the side face of a square oscillating in the transverse direction. The phase angle between the fluctuating pressure and the displacement of the prism showed positive value near the resonant velocity. The total work done by unsteady aerodynamic pressures suddenly jumped up from negative to positive near the immediate change of the work.
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Hisao MARUKAWA, Junji KATAGIRI, Akira KATSUMURA, Kunio FUJII
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
39-48
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This study is divided into two steps. In the first step, a multi-degree-of -freedom aeroerastic model is developed. With this model, the eccentric distrance, the frequency ratio of a torsional mode vibration to sway mode vibration, and the structural damping can be easily chaned. In the second step, displacements obtained from the "multi-degree-of -freedom aeroelasic model" test are compared with displacements estimated from wind forces obtained from a dynamic force balance model and displacement obtained from a "stick model" test. These comparisons verify the validity of each model test.
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Nariyasu YAMADA, Akira NISHITANI
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
49-58
Published: June 30, 1996
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This paper discusses the H^∞ structural control design based on the absolute acceleration measurement. The purpose of this proposed methodology the control system can be advantageosly constructed having all devices for measurement and control on the top floor of a building and can be realized as a proper controller achieving the robust multi-mode control. Finaly, the validity of the presented design methodology is demonstrated by conducting structual model experiments with sinusoidal and seismic wave excitations.
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Tsuyoshi TAKAI, Hiroaki YAMANAKA, Masanori NIWA, Hiroshi ISHIDA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
59-64
Published: June 30, 1996
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We have been examined a method to infer S-wave velocty of deep sediments by an array measurement of microtremors in the period range longer than one second. This paper describes an application of this method to Teriary strata. In January 1995, an array measurement of long period microtremors was performed in Tomioka Town in Fukushima Prefecture. Rayleigh wave phase velocity of fundamental mode was estimated. S-wave velocity was presumed by an inversion analysis of the phase velocity using genetic algorithms. The result is consistent with the boring data near the array and seismic profile. We concluded that the array method of microtremors is applicable for the evaluation of S-wave velocities of Tertiary strata.
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Seong-Whan PARK, Daiji FUJII, Yoshinobu FUJITANI
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
65-74
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The finite element formulation of nonuniform shear warping model for thin-walled beam's flexural-torsional behavior, which can show the precise distribution of normal stress and shear stress on the beam section including the shear lag phenomena, is developed. In order to realize the acual end conditio of the beam, a boundary contraction method for the additional degress freedom of out-plane warping due to shear is applied. By some examples of the closed and open thin-walled sectin beams, te accuracy and convergency of the numerical solutions are compared with the analytical solutions.
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Kazuo MITSUI, Nobuyoshi TOSAKA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
75-83
Published: June 30, 1996
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Applicability of genetic algorithms (GAs) to the form optimization problem of structures is discussed in this paper. The form optimization problems on truss structures under the prescribed displacement mode are solved by using GAs. These problems have strong nonlinearity, and the layout of the members is deeply concerned with the existence condition of solutions. In the present study, the form finding method in which not only the positions of the objective nodes but also the layout of the members are encoded to strings in the GAs as the design parameters of the structure is proposed, and the effectiveness of the method is examined. Moreover, the form finding method is extended to the minimal surface problem, in which several control points of a spline function are introduced in order to sescribe the shape of the membrane surface.
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Toshiro SUZUKI, Toshiyuki OGAWA, Shojiro MOTOYUI, Yoichi FUKUOKA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
85-92
Published: June 30, 1996
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In a single-layer latticed dome with large span, instability of shallow unit panel would be serious to the dome strength. And because of its high sensitivity to imperfection, the accuracy in construction becomes more important. Therefore, erection method with unitization would be carried out, but concentration of members at one mode makes it very hard. In this paper, a new type of latticed dome is proposed. This some has out-of -plane eccentric joints, intentionally, and is constructed by unit-panels. The structural properties is investigated numerically. The validity in contruction is verified by erection test, and its loading test is carries out.
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Kenji AZUMA, Tetsuya OHMURA, Keiichi KATORI, Shizuo HAYASHI
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
93-100
Published: June 30, 1996
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Incase that spliced joints are located in the flexural hinge area of beams, the bond strengh of spliced bars that are anchored in column is of specific importance. That is because the strength of column-anchored bars is lager than the bond strength of bars that are contained in beams or the bond stress of non-spliced bars. But ti happens that the stress of beam-contained bars is close to that of column-anchored bars or equivalent to that of non -spliced bars due to variation of the moment slope. On the definition of strength of splices such stress transfer mechanism of splices should be considered. In this paper we have conduced the test in which the stress ratio of column-anchored bars to beam-contained bars and the amount of transverse reinforcements were employed as parameters. It is clear that the strengh of spliced members decreased by 20% of non -spliced members when the stress of bean-contained bars became half f that of column-ancored bars. So we could establsh a method of strengh design of lapped splices considering stress transfer mechaism of those.
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Hitomi KUWAMURA, Yuka MATSUMOTO
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
101-109
Published: June 30, 1996
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Tensile fracture test of notched bars produced from 800-MPa tensile strength steel plates subjected to heat cycles was done under quasi-static monotonic loading. Three series of heat cycles were applied to the plates, i.e., nine sets of heat treatment given in a temperature-controlled oven, actual welding heat input by submerged arc and by electroslag weldings, and simulated welding heat input. These various heat cycles changed the material properties in a wide soectrum. Two important facts were obtained: The strain at the onset of a ductile crack at the notch is proportional to the uniform strain capacity pertinent to the material therein. The plastic strain increment during the crack propagation preceding the final fracture is proportional to the Charpy impact value at the same temperature and also to the rupture strain of the material coupon test.
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Eiichiro SAEKI, Kouichi IWAMATU, Akira WADA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
111-120
Published: June 30, 1996
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It became possible to predict and trace elasto-plastic behaviors of unbonded braces by the finite elements method taking the material and geometrical non-linearity into considerration in which unbonding effect was modeled by "tying method". (1) Regarding the relationship of the load and the axial displacement and of the load and the horizontal displacement, there is good agreements between analytical and experimental results in the characteristics of hysteresis curves, although analytical values eive larger values than experimental values because (1)Bauschinger's effect of steel was disregarded, (2)stiffness of mortar after the occurrence of cracking was evaluated on the stiffer side, (3)local fracture of end mortal was disregarded, and (4)steel's yield point after large cyclic strain was evaluated on the high side in the mixed hardening rule of steel material. (2) There is good agreement between analytical and experimental results regarding the characteristics in stress and strain distribution and hysteresis charachteristics of core steel plates.
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Atuo TANAKA, Hiroshi MASUDA, Masaru TAKAGI, Tetsuaki HISADA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
121-130
Published: June 30, 1996
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In this paper, the static characteristics of WBFW (web bolted and frange welded) beam-to-column connections were experimentally investigated in two test series. The main test parameters are the bending strength of web bolted connection. From this test, the basic static characteristics, such as ultimate strength, plastic deformation ability, failure mode, are obtained. The results are summarized that α value (eMu / Mp) and deformability of specimens are influenced by capacity of the bending moment of web bolted connection.
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Hiroshi AKIYAMA, Sang-Hoon OH, Fumio OTAKE, Koji FUKUDA, Satoshi YAMAD ...
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
131-140
Published: June 30, 1996
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A key oarameter to measure the seismic resistance of steel frames is the ability to absorb energy by undergoing elastic-plastic deformations. In the rigid moment frames, the energy is absorbed by columns, beams and joint panels of beam-to-column connections. 0n the other hand, in the case of semi-rigid moment frame, beam-to-column connections can absorb energy in addition to these members. In this paper, the results of experiments of non-diaphram connection with use of RHS column and H-setional beam is reported, and emprical formulas to estimate yield moment and stiffness are proposed.
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Toshiro SUZUKI, Shojiro MOTOYUI, Masahiko UCHIYAMA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
141-148
Published: June 30, 1996
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In resoect to a composite beam-column made of a H-shaped steel having relatively large width-to-thickness ratio, the followings have been comprehended from experimental results on its plastic mechanical behavior underS-point bending. 1. Concrete-crash does not much influence plastic mechanical behavior, which is recognized stiffening effect by concrete. 2. In case of yield of web by shear force at the maximum load, its in-plane shear deformation increases plastic deformation capacity. 3. Plastic deformation capacity is linearly corresponding to [numerical formula], which can be also evaluated with the previous results on the stub columns under compression.
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Yutaka YOKOBAYASHI, Yuji HASEMI, Takashi WAKAMATSU, Takao WAKAMATSU
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
149-156
Published: June 30, 1996
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A framework to develop prediction method for structural and thermal response of load bearing members exposed to an isolated fire source is presented. Modeling of heat flux to the downward surface of a flat ceiling exposed to an isolated fire source on the floor is made through model experiments using propane porous burners as the fuel to see the first glimpse of the heating mechanism in the localized-fire scenario. Distribution of heat flux along a flat ceiling has been formulated as a function of the height from the fire source to the ceiling, intensity and size of the fire source, and the horizontal distance from the stagnation point , which is found to agree with experiments within an error of 50% for a wide range of the parameters.
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Nozomi YOSHIDA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
157-158
Published: June 30, 1996
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Liquefactioin analysis at Port Island in above paper were discussed as follwing items. 1)Water table:seasonal change;change by fill 2)Boundary condition initial shear, shear failure and liquefaction 3)Material property: determination of model parameters,reliability of the analysis
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Hiroshi KAWASE, Toshimi SATOH, Kiyoshi FUKUTAKE, Kojiro IRIKURA
Article type: Article
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
159-160
Published: June 30, 1996
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The authors replied to the discussion by Dr. Yoshida first by emphasizing that the primary purpose of the paper is not to simulate observed records rigorously but to show how important to consider the excess pore water pressure in the soil amplification analysis during the Hyogo-ken Nambu earthquake. Then they answered the discusser's questions one by one. The water table is assumed as such from the P-wave velocity distribution since it is the only reliable source of information. The two-dimensional stress condition and its relationship to the excess pore water pressure assumed in the analysis is explained. Finally the basic concept on how to determine soil properties and their reliability alt discussed.
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Article type: Appendix
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
_1_-_2_
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Article type: Appendix
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
_6_-_7_
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Article type: Appendix
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1996 Volume 61 Issue 484 Pages
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