Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ)
Online ISSN : 1881-8153
Print ISSN : 1340-4202
ISSN-L : 1340-4202
Volume 60, Issue 468
Displaying 1-33 of 33 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages Cover4-
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages Cover5-
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages App4-
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Index
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages Toc2-
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages App5-
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages App6-
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Teruo KONDO
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 1-7
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    In order to confirm corrosion of structual frames in buildings of steel construction, corrosion tests of steel specimen in various coverings and relative humidity. Consequently, the following has been clarified. (1) In relative humidity over 70% steel corrosion has been started and in case of relative humidity over 80% it has been continuously. (2) If relative humidity in building has been kept less than 70%, steel in the building has no corrosion. (3) In general buildings, corrosion on structual frames of steel construction is no problem. So, anti-corrosive painting on the steel can be omitted.
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  • Hiroaki YAMANAKA, Hiroshi ISHIDA
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 9-17
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    The applicability of genetic algorithms in an inversion of surface-wave phase velocities to infer an S-wave velocity profile was examined. S-wave velocities and thicknesses are coded to binary strings, and an individual model is generated by connecting all strings for a subsurface structure model. The fitness is defined by squared summation of differences between observed and calculated phase velocities. In addition to three basic genetic processes of selection, crossover, and mutation, the algorithm was improved by the introduction of elite selection rule and dynamic mutation in which the mutation probability varied according to the variety of individuals in a generation. We applied the method to the inversions of synthetic phase velocities and phase velocities from an actual array observation of long-period microtremors. These results indicate that the GA is highly applicable in phase velocity inversion.
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  • Osamu KURIMOTO, Takao SEKI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 19-26
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    An actual sesmic design may have to consider the partial embedment effect on soil-structure interaction concerning the site condition and structure planning. A finite element method is effective to calculate such a complicated foundation model. However, strong computer power is necessary to calculate the rigorous solution as for the effect of partial embedment. This paper describes a simple method to estimate complex soil impedance function and foundation input motion for partially embedded foundation. A present method provides considerable results comparing the 3-D boundary element method on the dynamic characteristics of various types of embedded foundations, and it is concluded that this method can be applicable for practical design use.
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  • Ichiro NAGASHIMA, Shozo NISHIYAMA
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 27-37
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    A design method of output feedback controller for a building-AMD system is proposed. This method can be generally applied to controlling multi modes of the system whose damping matrix does not necessarily satisfy the orthogonality condition. A reduced order model as well as a reduced order weight matrix for optimal control are obtained through a linear transformation of the state space representation of the system considering the complex modes and output feedback gains are evaluated. The control performance of the structure-AMD system designed by this method is compared with that obtained by minimization norm method as well as optimal control with full state feedback. It is shown through a numerical example that this method can achieve as good performance as optimal control with full state feedback and performs better than minimization norm method for the practical range of application.
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  • Toshimi SATOH, Hiroshi KAWASE
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 39-49
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    We studied amplification characteristics of soil sediments by using strong and weak motion records observed on the surface, at 30m below, and at 97.6m below the surface at Kuno district in the Ashigara Valley. We found that the amplification factors for the main part of the weak and strong motions can be simulated from the one-dimensional soil analysis by considering the non-linear behavior of soil sediments during the strong motion shaking for not only alluvial surface layers but also diluvial layers. In order to simulate the amplification factors better, we performed two-dimensional finite element soil analysis in which we assume a soil model whose thickness of the first surface layer at the observation site is 8m and that at 50m away from it is 6m. As a result, we could simulate the amplification factors more precisely, because the short period surface waves whose Airy phase has about the period of 0.5 sec are generated due to such a small irregularity of the surface soil sediments.
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  • Kazuo TAMURA, Keiji SHIBA, Akira WADA
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 51-60
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    This paper describes equivalent damping ratio (EDR) of a mass damper system, based on the absorbed energy by the mass damper during strong wind. The proposed EDR is evaluated from the ratio of absorbed energy and the building's response velocity. By using the EDR, we can simply express the vibration control performance of the mass damper system, not only at the design stage but also afterthe completion of the building. The EDR is easily obtained from the response time histories of the building and the mass damper which are recorded during strong winds. We have studied the effectof some parametersof mass dampers to the EDR, and demonstrated the applicability of the EDR using the response records of the two actual biildings in which the mass damper systems are installed.
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  • Toshiharu ARAKAWA, Tadaki KOH
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 61-70
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    Seismic responses of multistory reinforced concrete frame-wall column coupling structures are studied in consideration of the effect of elasto- plastic behavior of beams, columns, and wall columns. These members are replaced by models with varying plastic zones, which are represented by relationships between bending moment and curvature. Analytical parameter is the ratio of number for the frame to number for the wall column in the frame-wall column coupling structure. Using some seismic records, responses of these coupling structures have been examined on distribution of seismic response shear for the frame, collapse mechanism of the structure, height ratio of inflection point for column, and member ductility.
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  • Shouzou WADA, Makoto KOUDA, Akira ENAMI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 71-79
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    Active earth pressure tests for different kinds of motion of rigid wall are performed with dry sand. Conclusions are summarized as follows. (1) The surface of sliding in the backfill tends to assume a triangular shape if a wall tilts by rotating around its lower edge and a parabolic shape if a wall tilts by rotating around its upper edge. If a wall yields parallel to its original, position it tends to assume a shape intermeadiate both of them. (2) The distribution of wall friction is roughly similar to the distribution of horizontal earth pressure in each test.
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  • Kouji YAMADA, Osamu MATSUODA, Tetsuya MATSUI, Hiroshi OHMORI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 81-89
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    This paper is concerned with a theoretical three-dimensional analysis of finite defomation of a closed circular cylindrical shell subjected to pure bending. A perturbation approach is employed to solve the nonlinear, equilibrium equations of the deformed state in terms of Kirchhoff's stresses. In this approach the stress and displacement components are expanded into power series of a small parameter which represents the curvature change in the longitudinal direction. The flexure buckling load is evaluted and compared with the result from shell theory. The possibility of plastic yielding is also investigated. It is concluded that the elastic buckling can occur for such a, thin shell as with radius-to-thickness ratio beyond 500, for which thin shell theory may be useful to predict the buckling load.
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  • Yoshiya TANIGUCHI, Toshitsugu SAKA
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 91-99
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    The loading system is presented in order to know the mechanical properties of practical bolted jointing systems of space trusses. For two typical types of practical bolted jointing systems, the bending moment- rotation relationships and axial rigidities at the connections are made clear by tests. Secondly, another loading system is presented, for buckling tests of a double-layer truss which consists of several structural units, to study a buckling strength and post-buckling behavior of space trusses, without full-scale tests. The member model which consists of a uniform member, rigid end parts and rotational springs is applied to the practical bolted jointing systems. The buckling loads and post-buckling behavior of space trusses are predicted by theoretical analyses, and compared with the corresponding experimental results to study the justification of the analytical procedure with the joints test result and the member model.
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  • Pei Shan CHEN, Mamoru KAWAGUCHI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 101-108
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    A tension structure is usually very deformable,especially when it is subject to asymmetrical loadings.For a tenseion structure with a certain configuration and subjected to a certain loading system, the amounts of the nodal displacements and consequently its rigidity as a whole are very sensitive to its original shape and the state of prestressing. So the issue of finding the optimum shape and the state of prestressing for a maximum rigidity is of particular interest. With a purpose of minimizing the nodal displacement-vector, a nonlinear programming method, gradient projection method, is adopted in the present paper to find the optimum nodal coordinates, member section areas and the distribution of prestresses. A simple tensegrity frame is taken as a numerical example, the result of which shows that the nodal displacements can be reduced to so far as 30% or 50% of the initial values.
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  • Hiroshi OHMORI, Yoji OHKI, Yusuke NAKAMASU
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 109-118
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    It is a well known fact that the suspended cable configuration under the natural gravity acceleration resists against the gravity loads only by the axial resultant stresses and it is called catenary. Similarly, the suspended membrane is also widely known to result in the curved surface in which no out-plane stress resultant acts under the gravity loads. In the present paper, the problem of the shape finding of the suspended structure in the gravity field is dealt with as a pure geometrical problem where the variational principle is utilized. The proposed method is expected to be utilized for the shape determination of shells and spacial structures.
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  • Shuzo SUZUKI, Eiichi FUJINO, Hiroyuki NOGUCHI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 119-126
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    In-plane dynamic characteristics of wooden diaphragms were investigated using a full-scale and a model diaphragms. The full-scale diaphragm was a 11.18m-long by 6.38m-wide Swedish-type floor and the model diaphragm was a 2.40m-long by 1.20m-wide. Two tests among impact-hammer, exciting and shaking-table dynamic tests were alternatively performed for both diaphragms. The test data of both diaphragms showed that the natural frequency was proportional to the mode number and that the mode shapes were similar to sine-curves. Furthermore, the calculated natural frequencies based on the shearing vibration theory with the equivalent shear-stiffness obtained by the static loading test agreed with the natural frequencies due to the dynamic tests. It was suggested that the dynamic in-plane behavior of wooden diaphragms was consistent with the shearing vibration theory.
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  • Ryunosuke OKAMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 127-136
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    This paper presents the analytical studies to estimate the elastic stress distribution and displacement of shear panel on the box type steel column to H beam connection using complex stress function, when the connection is subject to the severe earthquake loading. A large axial force is introduced into the column for highrise building with bending stress. Therefore, the shear panel should be designed subject to not only shear force but also axial force and bending stress. Numerical example is demonstrated regarding the shear panel of actual highrise building. Finally, suitable design formulas are recommended.
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  • Tsuyoshi TANAKA, Hiroshi KANATANI, Mototsugu TABUCHI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 137-146
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    The strength of hollow steel spheres used as nodes in tubular space trusses is investigated. In the previous papers [Refs. 1,2 and 3], the authors have reported experimental and analytical studies of the strength of balls without any stiffener subjected to direct uniaxial force from the circular tubes welded to ,the ball. In the practice, as a ball is usually fabricated from two cold-formed hemispheres, the ball has often an interior diaphragm in its equatorial plane for the purpose of easily fabricating as well as reinforcement. Uniaxial compressive tests of the ball joint with/without an interior diaphragm were carried out to investigate the effect of the reinforcement. Method of limit analysis is used to estimate the effect of the reinforcement by the interior diaphragm. Further, a practical formula which is obtained by superposing the diaphragm strength on the ball strength is proposed for predicting the strength of the balls with the interior diaphragm.
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  • Atsuhide HASHIMOTO, Tomohisa YAMADA, Hirokazu MITAKE, Yoshihisa MICHIZ ...
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 147-154
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    To obtain fracture toughness of inner corner part of cold formed steel rectangular hollow section, we carried out charpy impact test on SS400 and SM490A structural steel plates of 25mm thickness ,that are supplied compressive pre-strain ,0%〜20%, and tack welding. Results are mainly as follows. (1) The more compressive pre-strain value, transition curve moves to the higher temperature area, further that of welded steel plates moves the highest temperature area. (2) More than 10% pre-strained steel plates supplied welding show the highest transition temperature. (3) The fracture toughness of corner part of cold formed rectangular hollow section becomes very small.
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  • Takanori SATO
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 155-164
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    In this paper the ultimate strength of Concrete-filled steel tube, designated as "CFT", is discussed. It is reported to have the different strength depending on the loading style, uniform or gradient bending moment. The plastic hinge length for collapse can be evaluated through the accurate curvature distribution by an original measuring system using a laser beam transducer. The individual contribution of concrete and steel tube can be made clear experimentally by the newly developed loading method tracing deformation path. In conclusion the estimation formula is proposed in consideration of the loading style.
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  • Hiroyuki KAWAMURA, Kimiya HAMADA, Taeko TATEISHI, Yasunao NAKANISHI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 165-172
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    In order to secure the multistoried steel structures against earthquakes, the structural engineer have often used steel braces embedded in reinforced pre-cast concrete walls for the earthquake resisting element. We have devised the precast earthquake resisting walls for the object of the mid to high rise steel framed structures those had been made of the precast reinforced concrete, and fastened to the steel girders by high tension bolts through the load control joints at the head of the walls, not so as to produce the hindrance such as cracks. In this report, the authors have described the outline and the possibility of these system and the examination results of some load control joints.
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  • Kazuo INOUE, Cheol-Hwan KIM, Kenji UEMURA, Toshiyuki TANAKA, Teruo SEG ...
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 173-181
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    This paper reports the result of beam column test of a new type composite column. High-strength four precast-concrete panels are fixed to the steel square tube with high strength headed studs. The precast-concrete panels are reinforced with steel fibers. Composite columns were tested under the constant axial force and anti-symmetrical repeated moment. It is confirmed that the bending stiffness and the strength of the composite column are much greater than those of a steel column. The basic design concept of the column is also presented based on the test results.
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  • Ben KATO
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 183-191
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    With respect to the compressive behaviour of concrete-filled tubular steel stub-columns, the effect of confinement of inner concrete by steel tube wall are evaluated on the basis of experimental data hitherto obtained. The predicting formulae of maximum compressive strength of concrete-filled tubular steel stub-columns are derived taking the effect of confinement of concrete into consideration. It is demonstrated that the correlation between the predictions and test resultus are satisfactory.
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  • Takayuki MATSUSHITA, Takashi WAKAMATSU
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages 193-198
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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    The front spread of the density flow is measured by the model experiments using dyed salt water and fresh water. A mathematical model for the prediction of front velocity of the density flow is formulated. The model is applied to estimate the velocity of horizontal spread of the smoke front in a corridor, and the effect of heat loss from smoke layer is considered by a simple formulation using a constant total heat transfer coefficent. The prediction of horizontal spread of the smoke front using this model is compared with the field experiments: The model is valid to predict the horizontal spread of low temperature smoke in a corridor.
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages _1_-
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages _2_-_5_
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages _6_-_8_
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages _9_-_10_
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages App7-
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    1995 Volume 60 Issue 468 Pages Cover6-
    Published: February 28, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
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