official journal of Congeital Anomalies Research Association of Japan
Online ISSN : 2433-1503
Print ISSN : 0037-2285
Volume 20, Issue 1
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages Cover1-
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages App1-
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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  • Article type: Index
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages Toc1-
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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  • Kiyonori TAUCHI, Katsushi SUZUKI, Tomonori IMAMICHI
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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    A strain of rats having extremely high incidence of congenital hydronephrosis, originating from the Wistar-Imamichi rat, was established through sister-brother mating for 11 filial generations following selection breeding for 5 generations. The hydronephrosis appeared in all litters and approximately 70% of the total littermates at the 16th generation (the 12th sister-brother mating). Anatomical characteristics, incidence and distribution of the hydronephrosis were observed during the breeding. Fetal kidneys on day 20 of gestation obtained from the hydronephrosis rat (HNR) were compared to "apparent hydronephrosis" described by Woo and Hoar (1972). Hydronephrosis in the HNR strain could be classified into two types ; cystic kidney type (type I ) and pelvic dilatation type (type II ). Neither obstruction in the urinary pathway nor defects of ureter and genital system was found in both types of the hydronephrosis. Since bilateral hydronephrosis began to appear at the 8th generation (the 4th sister-brother mating) and the incidence became higher with the filial generations, this anomaly was probably a polygenic trait which affects differentiation of metanephros. Cystic kidney was observed in the fetus on day 20 of gestation with a high incidence, and its morphological feature was different from that of "apparent hydronephrosis".A strain of rats having extremely high incidence of congenital hydronephrosis, originating from the Wistar-Imamichi rat, was established through sister-brother mating for 11 filial generations following selection breeding for 5 generations. The hydronephrosis appeared in all litters and approximately 70% of the total littermates at the 16th generation (the 12th sister-brother mating). Anatomical characteristics, incidence and distribution of the hydronephrosis were observed during the breeding. Fetal kidneys on day 20 of gestation obtained from the hydronephrosis rat (HNR) were compared to "apparent hydronephrosis" described by Woo and Hoar (1972). Hydronephrosis in the HNR strain could be classified into two types ; cystic kidney type (type I ) and pelvic dilatation type (type II ). Neither obstruction in the urinary pathway nor defects of ureter and genital system was found in both types of the hydronephrosis. Since bilateral hydronephrosis began to appear at the 8th generation (the 4th sister-brother mating) and the incidence became higher with the filial generations, this anomaly was probably a polygenic trait which affects differentiation of metanephros. Cystic kidney was observed in the fetus on day 20 of gestation with a high incidence, and its morphological feature was different from that of "apparent hydronephrosis".
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  • Ryo KONDO
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 7-16
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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    "Hinoe-Uma" is the name of a year recurring in a sixty-year cycle in the ancient Japanese calender, and is characterized by a superstition that it is an evil omen for girls to be born in this year. In 1966, the year of "Hinoe Uma" live births m Japan decreased to 1,360,974, in contrast with 1,823,697 and 1,935,647 in the preceding and the following years, respectively. In 1966, the infant mortality rate from congenital anomalies rose to 22.6 per 10,000 live births from 19.8 in the preceding year and it returned to 19.2 in the following year. Whether there was an actual rise of risk or not should be a problem, because when the number of live births changes rapidly from one year to the next, infant mortality rate computed by a conventional method does not provide an accurate measure of risk of death during the first year of life. The author tried to obtain accurate measures of the risk using data on the number of infant deaths by age subdivisions from Vital Statistics in Japan 1965 to 1967. Adjusted infant mortality rates from congenital anomalies were 20.0, 21.2 and 20.5 per 10,000 live births in 1965, 1966 and 1967, respectively. It can therefore be concluded that there was no significant rise in the actual risk of infant deaths from congenital anomalies as a whole and from each kind of anomalies in 1966.
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  • Shoji TERAMOTO, Masahiro KANEDA, Yasuhiro KATO, Yasuhiko SHIRASU
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 17-23
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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    The teratogenicity of ethylenethiourea (ETU) was investigated in rats utilizing the intra-amniotic injection techniques. Nulliparous Wistar-Imamichi female rats were mated overnight with males from the same stock and the day sperm-positive vaginal smears were found was designated as day 0 of pregnancy. Amniotic sacs in one uterine horn were injected with 200 μg of ETU or 2-^<14>C-ETU per 10 μl on day 12 of pregnancy. The embryos in the opposite uterine horn received the same volume of sterile distilled water as a corresponding control. Hydroxyurea (HU) (500-2000 μg/10μl) was also used in order to compare the teratogenicity of the two chemicals. On day 20 of pregnancy, fetuses were recovered and examined for gross external and visceral abnormalities. When 200 μg of 2-^<14>C-ETU was injected into the amniotic sacs, 5-fold increase was evidenced in the incorporation of radioactivity into the embryos as compared with that into the embryos whose mothers were treated orally with a sufficient dose of ETU for producing malformations on the same gestational stage. However, intra-amniotic injection of ETU did not reduce fetal survival and weight and did not cause malformations. On the other hand, HU exerted embryotoxicity and produced various types of malformations in the survived fetuses.
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  • Yoshiro KAMEYAMA, Takashi TANIMURA, Mineo YASUDA
    Article type: Article
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 25-106
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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  • Article type: Bibliography
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 107-118
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 119-120
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 121-
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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  • Article type: Cover
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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    Download PDF (31K)
  • Article type: Cover
    1980 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages Cover3-
    Published: March 30, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2019
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    Download PDF (31K)
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