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2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
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2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
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Shin KAJITA
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
161-180
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This paper reviews studies in construction (building) economics, particularly ones in research areas with geographical orientation. Construction economics is tackled mainly by engineers and, despite its name, has little to do with economics. Studies on the relationship between stages of national economic development and the construction industry insist that the share of construction production in the national economy increases in the early stage of development and then begins to decrease due to a reduction in the number of new construction works and shifts to repair and maintenance ones. Many construction economists have attempted to verify this thesis and provide reasonable explanations for it. The international construction industry, which encompasses construction activities outside a contractor's home country, has recently become the subject of a growing body of research in the discipline of construction economics. Studies on the competitive strategies of international contractors, which encompass project-based and overseas on-site productions, have begun to recognize the importance of cultural distance in aspects such as work customs, transaction rules and languages, and adaptation to host countries. Therefore, construction economists seek explanations that are specific to this industry with efforts to gain firsthand data using research methods such as interviews and questionnaires and analyze the strategic history of international contractors.
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Takashi NAKAZAWA, Taro KAWAGUCHI, Hideto SATO
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
181-197
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This paper examines the characteristics of the second baby boomers' migration within the Tokyo metropolitan area and determines the factors that characterize their intra-metropolitan migration. The study is based on a questionnaire survey that was conducted with the alumni of X University as participants. This university is a large private university located in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Unlike the parental generation, the first baby boomers, a large majority of Japanese second baby boomers, who now live in the Tokyo metropolitan area, were born and raised in the metropolitan area. These second baby boomers do not necessarily leave their parental homes when they enter universities or obtain their first jobs. Women, in particular, tend to live with their parents until they are married. Owing to the tendency to marry late and the decline in birth rate, at the same stage, the composition of second baby boomer families are more diverse than that of first baby boomers. However, like the first baby boomers, the respondents displayed an inclination to become owner-occupiers after marriage. Couples with no children or with one child tend to acquire condominiums a short period after their marriage, whereas couples with two or more children live in detached houses, which they generally acquire after the birth of their second child. These facts indicate that people's housing requirements differ according to the familial status; each family chooses a type of residence that suits its lifestyle. Most of the respondents were born and raised in the Tokyo metropolitan area, and many of them migrated only a short distance; the number of respondents who moved inward within the metropolitan area is almost the same as the number of respondents who moved outward within the area. This indicates that the location of the respondents' residences hardly changes through the course of their lives. Signs that people wished to move back to the downtown area have been observed since the late 1990s. However, compared to the migration of the first baby boomers, that of the second baby boomers apparently had a weaker impact on the spatial structure of the metropolitan area. The first baby boomers' quest for detached houses in the suburbs was evident by the excessive outward migration, which led to the expansion of the peripheries of the metropolitan area. Although Japan's economy has been declining since the burst of the bubble economy in the early 1990s and affordable condominiums are available near the downtown area, many respondents chose to live in the suburban area. One reason for this is the convenient commute: about 40% of male suburban dwellers work in the suburbs. Another reason is that they are inclined to live close to their parents: about 50% of all married couples live within 10 kilometers of the husband's or wife's parents. Since most of the second baby boomers living in the Tokyo metropolitan area have lived in the metropolitan area as children, they are able to live close to their parents.
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Masashi SATO
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
198-218
Published: September 30, 2012
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This study reveals the changing community renovation activities after municipal mergers in rural areas. To understand the changing role of local non-profit organization (NPO) activities, this study focuses on the relationship between local governments and NPOs, and particularly their fiscal support for the activities. To look at one case study, Shikano districts (former Shikano town) in Tottori City, experienced a population decrease since the 1960s and launched community revitalization activities before the municipal mergers, have taken up. In former Shikano town, neighborhood association activities have continued since the early modern period. The former Shikano governments began community revitalization projects in cooperation with them in 1995. As projects progressed, a community development organization, the NPO Inshu-Shikano Machidukuri Kyogikai, was established and restored old private residences with grants from Shikano town. After the municipal mergers with Tottori City, the NPO established shops and restaurants to reinforce its management foundation. In addition to these activities, residents of Shikano districts founded a special purpose company that focused on the restoration of landscape. Subsidy reductions for communities after the municipal merger filled a vital role by creating a shared sense of crisis, which allowed for continuing community renovation by Shikano residents. To continue the restoration activities and as a basis for independent activity within this district, the NPO collaborated with other organizations in Shikano districts, including art-focused NPOs and the Shikano branch office of Tottori City Hall. In addition, the NPO began to build cooperative relationships with actors outside the city, including the Tottori prefecture, Tottori University, and national government agencies such as MIC and MLIT. All of these relationships were effective in the acquisition of information about their activities and projects. By combining these projects, NPOs in Shikano districts were able to take over the management of the projects of the pre-merger period without dispensing with their original missions. Regional conditions as sharing the sense of crisis for municipal mergers among the residents and accumulation of long-term non-profit organization's activities have become major factors to continue the local community development activities in the region.
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Hiroshi MORIKAWA
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
219-226
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Daisaku YAMAMOTO
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
227-236
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
237-241
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
241-245
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
245-248
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
248-252
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
253-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
253-254
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
254-255
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Dumayas Arianne Dela Rosa
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
255-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
255-256
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
256-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
256-257
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
257-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
257-258
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
258-259
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
259-
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Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
260-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
260-261
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
261-
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[in Japanese]
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2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
261-262
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[in Japanese]
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2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
262-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
262-263
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
263-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
263-264
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
264-265
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
265-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
265-266
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
267-
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
267-
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
268-273
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
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2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
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2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Cover
2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
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2012 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages
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