This research, we conducted an injury occurrence test for a wheelchair overturned and collided for elderly people. From the results of the experiments, maximum damage assessment to the human body and survival rate were estimated. As a result, the maximum injury when falling was a side fall. Injury of AIS (Abbreviated injury Scale) 6 occurred in the head. The survival rate was found to be 0.12% in the TRISS (Trauma and Injury Severity Score) model and 0.00% in the ASCOT (A Severity Characterization of Trauma) model. The maximum injury of the collision occurred when the wheelchair was traveling at 15 km / h, caught on the curb stone, collided with the wall in front and the AIS 3 injury occurred in the head. The survival rate was found to be 72.58% for the TRISS model and 74.09% for the ASCOT model at the minimum. It was found that equipped with a helmet in all experiments reduces AIS by about 2 to 3 and has an effect of increasing survival rate.

In previous research of recommender system Markov decision processes are used in order to represent recommender system. Total reward is maximized with reference to a Bayes criterion. In the previous research a questionnaire method for a new customer is not studied. In other previous research a questionnaire method for a new customer is studied, but the total reward is not maximized.

In this research we apply Markov decision processes to questionnaire for a new customer in recommender system. We propose a new questionnaire method which maximizes the total reward with reference to the Bayes criterion. In the proposed method dynamic programming is used.

In previous research Markov decision processes are used in order to represent a healthcare support. A treatment or a healthcare advice is selected and the total cost is minimized in the previous research. In this research an additional examination is selected before the selection of treatment or healthcare advice. Active learning for a patient's unknown health status is done by the selection of additional examination. After the examination a treatment or a healthcare advice is selected depending on the result of the examination. We propose a new healthcare support method which minimizes total cost with reference to a Bayes criterion. In the proposed method dynamic programming is used.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is known to cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Recently the progression of HIV-1infection to AIDS has been prevented by antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, ART is not able to delete HIV-1 completely, consequently HIV-1 infected patients have to continue ART for a long period. Being a sexual transmitted disease, HIV-1 infection has spread throughout the world to be a world-wide public health problem. Recently HIV-1 infection has been analyzed with a multiscale model including partial differential equations and integration. However, the models do not include mechanisms of anti-HIV-1 drugs. Here, the author describes a new multiscale model of HIV-1 infection including mechanisms of anti-HIV-1 drugs, with which effect of anti-HIV-1 drugs and emergence of drug-resistant mutants are analyzed.

We examined differences between nurses with a practical experience of less than one year and more than five years in situations of activating critical thinking in nursing practice. The results showed that depending on the nursing scene, there were differences between veterans and novices, but overall, the novices also tended to indicate those scenes that veterans could easily indicate. However, it was shown that compared to novices, veterans could make accurate judgments faster and on the whole, had correct awareness. In addition, nursing scenes that neither veterans nor novices were aware of were also clarified. In order to avoid medical accidents, it is necessary to consciously practice nursing daily in each scene.

These findings suggest that in order to increase practical nursing capabilities, it is necessary to allow nurses to obtain basic nursing expertise during their basic nursing education and devise educational methods that allow autonomous and introspective exercises in seminars and clinical practice.

This paper discusses that the subjective evaluation for the impression of music based on Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and their cluster analysis. 22 healthy people invited as the experiment subjects, one piece of 1/f fluctuation music (“Requiem No.7 Lacrimosa” (Mozart)) is employed as the test piece. All Subjects are asked to listen to the test piece individually. In order to analyze their subjective evaluation (especially impression of music), they are asked to answer the questionnaire on VAS (7 questions). The results show that subjective evaluation values based on the impression (ex. “sad”, “dark”) of requiem have been obtained. Moreover, the box-and-whisker plot of subjective evaluation distribution also has been shown. In addition, it has been discovered that the question based on the similar subjective evaluation belongs to the same cluster.

The purpose of this research is to conduct simulated clinical training among nursing students with no clinical experience and clarify its effects. The participant students were divided into the positions of "nurse role", "assistant role" and "observer", and asked to fill in the questionnaire form after the training. As a result, practical knowledge on patients and nursing in such categories as “difficulty in coping with the patient’s vulnerability”, “uneasiness about not meeting requests of the patient”, “necessity of ability in communicating with the patient”, “recognizing individuality of the patient”, “noticing unexpected reaction of the patient”, and “stiffness and lack of flexibility due to concentrating on the present situation” was acquired. The results were compared among the three positions and the differences were not significant in most cases. This suggests that the nurse role is not always the most learnable position in simulated clinical training. It can be said further that it is important for nursing students to share the knowledge learned from each position with the peer students who played other roles in order to increase and develop the effect of the training.

Methods for refining patient classification for comprehensive payment based on diagnostic group classification are eagerly desired. In this paper, we proposed a patient classification method focused on the distribution of hospital stay. This method measures differences among the hospital stay distribution of patient groups divided by treatment and side effects by using Kullback-Leibler Divergence (KLD), which is an indicator of distribution similarity, and cluster the groups by cluster analysis using these values.

We tried classification by applying this method to the anonymization data of 832 inpatient patients who do not undergo surgery at a hospital in Beijing city. KLD was obtained for a group of patients divided by rehabilitation in treatment, combination of speech impairment, peripheral neuropathy, lung infection, and type 2 diabetes in side effects, and hierarchical clustering was performed. As a result, groups with common distribution characteristics were classified into the same cluster, suggesting the usefulness of this method.

We propose a comprehensive evaluation index to indicate the severity of multiple injuries caused by falls etc. to the human body, and show the effectiveness of fall protection tools using the index. The falling test was carried out at the Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI) using a human body dummy. In the human body dummy, acceleration sensors are installed at the head, chest and waist, and force and moment measurement sensors are installed at the neck, and analysis is performed based on physical quantity data at falling. The data of these physical quantities are continuous, therefore we define the degree of damage (AIS) of the continuous quantity on each part as a continuous function of the observed data. The survival probability Ps are calculated in the case with various protectors such as helmets and jackets and the effectiveness of the protective equipment is shown.