Scapular shape changes from age to age (Items: Morphological length and Supraspinous fossa breadth) of people of Jomon, Muromachi, Edo, Modern referring to Ainus in Hokkaido, and Tokugawa Shoguns were analyzed and classified into 4 types using principal components analysis. Scapulae of Jomon age and Ainus were muscularly square (Type I), and those of Tokugawa Shoguns were weak and slender, and their shapes were becoming higher in the later period of Edo age (Type IV). Scapulae of Muromachi age (Type II) and Edo age (Type III) were very close each other, and squarely broad, and those of Modern were squarely slender (Type III), but robuster than those of Tokugawa Shoguns. Tokugawa Shoguns should have thin chests. The shape changes of scapulae suggested discussion about adaptation of scapulae to the changes of their life styles.

View full abstract

In the particle radiotherapy, it is necessary to understand behavior of atomic nuclei precisely in order to control the wave packets with a high degree of accuracy. In this work, we discuss wave packets dynamics in a system of two fermions by conducting computer simulation based on antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD). In particular, We focus on nucleons as typical representatives of the fermions, which are components of atomic nucleus, and investigate time evolution in the process of two-nucleon scattering. As a summery, it turns out that the wave packets move regularly to escape Pauli forbidden region in phase space.

View full abstract

We proposed Atomic Schwinger-Dyson method (ASD method) in previous paper, which is the nonperturbative and finite relativistic quantum field theory. Moreover, The real value of physical mass, electric charge and wave function are completely different from those of the nonrenormalized electron electron and photon in mean field theory, since there are many of the particle-antiparticle creations and annihilations, particle-hole effects, and Pauli blocking, which give an effect on bare mass, electric charge, polarization of vacuum, and self-energy. In this paper, we show that ASD method is renormalizable theory by the nonperturbative and that covariant formalism, and the photon condensation of ASD method give rise to Coulomb's potential and the mass shift of electron. The interacting photon and electron fields, which have physical mass and electric charge, are expressed as generalized free field equations by using mass shift and counting the self-energy of those particles. We give an expression of an exact solution of these particles under an generalized external fields adopting the Green functional method.

View full abstract

We propose the multilayer neural networks with intermediate elements using a distance and show its higher learning capability by computer simulation. One of the problems of a well-known backpropagation learning algorithm is an existence of local minima. Yokoi et al. have proposed the intermediate elements, which are additional elements, in order to avoid increasing local minima and to enhance the learning capability. They have demonstrated that the learning capability increases due to intermediate elements. However, optimal intermediate elements were not yet discussed. We expect that the more highly learning capability can be obtained by introducing distance elements. In this paper, we show that the learning capability in the case of using distance elements is much higher than categorizing elements.

View full abstract

Recently, optical device such as CT, MRI, CR, and some other devices are developed in medical field. These devices provide us advantages that filming time decrease and image resolution is higher than past system. Simultaneously, exposure time is shorter than before. But slices which medical doctor should diagnosis are increase. By this reason, their burden is huge and oversight of abnormal area may be caused. On the other hand, segmentation for region of interest is important task to extract abnormal area correctly. In this paper, we propose a method for segmentation and extracting abnormal area on obtained lung region employing thorax Multi-detector raw CT images. Furthermore, extracted abnormal areas are marked and display on PC. We applied our technique onto 12 real MDCT images and satisfactory results are obtained. To analyze the experimental results, we evaluate our systems based on ROC analysis.

View full abstract

We show the importance of Information Science on the progress of the life science by taking an example of biological structural aspects of the Type Strain by the 16S rDNA. First we discuss the number of DNA which are picked up by Primers. Although known primers are usually around 20 bases, we cut the line of the bases and count the number of the DNA including the primer among 4386DNA. Secondly we search so-called "Universal Primer". The Universal means that the array commonly exists among three domains of bacteria, Archaea and Eucarya, however, it is not so easy task to find the universal common domain. Showing several results, it is concluded that the main reasons we could not find the complete Primer is due to the noise among the data.

View full abstract

In recent years, there has been a rise in interest concerning the promotion of children's reading. However, until now, there has not been a satisfactory book search system dedicated solely to children's needs. The International Institute for Children's Literature, Osaka has developed a book search system called "Big Adventure of Books Sea", which includes book data with keywords of stories and synopsis. It facilitates not only book searches but includes activities such as a books related game, and introduces children to both characters and authors. The purpose of this system is to enable children to enjoy searching for books, thus leading to an increased enjoyment of reading. This paper presents the system we developed, the practical results of its use, and possible future problems

View full abstract

The rapid dissemination of the World Wide Web raises the issue of the Web accessibility, and one of the important things is the combination of a foreground color and a background color. In our previous study, the visibility of web-safe colors on the white background was examined, and the blue used for unvisited standard link color was found high visibility in wide range of ages. Since the usage of the blue and an underline are recommended as link, in this study, we examined high-visibility background colors to the unvisited standard link color, i.e. blue. One hundred and twenty four background colors to the blue were examined using pair comparison method. As the results, when the contrast between standard link color and background color was 1.37 or more, we obtained the high scores from the colors. This indicates that these colors show the high visibility and are useful as background colors.

View full abstract

The brain activities to different-contrast visual stimuli were compared by using functional MRI. Stimuli were four kinds of Landolt rings and each ring has a different gap in the position of the circle. Eleven subjects were recruited, and subjects with prism glasses lay on the back, and alternately conducted two tasks in an fMRI measurement. In task A, a subject sees visual stimuli and sometimes pushes the button according to arbitrary timing. In task B, a subject gazed at the stimuli, and quickly pushed a button when a target stimulus was presented. In the group activation maps in response to task B versus task A, left occipital gyrus (BA17, 18) at high contrast stimuli, and superior parietal lobule (BA7) and prefrontal cortex at low contrast stimuli were activated. This result indicates that the difference of the visibility affects alteration of the brain activity.

View full abstract

A purpose of this study is to realize a myoelectricity upper limb prothesis of multiple degrees of freedom which can be used by a higher amputee who has lost a forearm or a whole arm. In the present myelectricity upper limb prothesis the method for establishing the fixed rule between the surface myoelectricity of persistence muscle and the movement of the artificial arm has been adopted. Therefore, the complicated operation is difficult. Then, controlling method was proposed with the presumption of the movement that the upper limb prothesis has been required from the operation of the sound arm. The experiment to learn the relationship between both arms as the human works by the construction of the neural network was carried out. As a experiment result , it was possible to learn the movement required in the artificial arm.

View full abstract

We propose a new system n of the telemedicine on the islands. In Nagasaki prefecture,which has 25% islands and 33% population among Japanese islands. The problem of promotion of telemedicine is important in Nagasaki. The present status of telemdicune in large islands is now better than that of the old age, however, there are still 38 islands that have no doctor. instead doctors, we propose a new system of telemedical and the networks which support the telemedicine. in these systems, information science and technique play a great role for the promotion of telemedicine.

View full abstract

In this article, we describe a Web browsing method with an automatic color correction (palette changing) for personal user's visibility. Especially we describe a paired comparison test and SOM (Self-Organizing Map) analysis for achromatic character and chromatic background colors, and we consider our proposed "Web Color Set Prediction Method" with SOM for personal visibility on Web browsing. We are evaluating our web application system for this method as CGI (Common Gateway Interface) software on a HTTP server of the Internet. Since a user profiling is required beforehand for every user, we have to consider about this problem with SOM. The proposed method is available for this problem by the 3 conditions of the prediction method, which are "both-ends colors", "forward colors", and "backward colors".

View full abstract

A conventional associative memory has some problems because of having connections between all modules. One is that this cannot simultaneously recall the plural sets of memorizing patterns. Two is that probability to recall falls when incomplete patterns with noise are inputted into such an associative memory. Three is that memory capacity is small. However, the cause of the two latter problems is also that correlation matrices express the association between relative patterns. Then, the purpose of this paper is to present an associative memory to solve these problems by a column network which the authors have presented. This column network consists of the basic unit column. A column is a multilayered neural network. A number of columns constitute a column group. Each column group can exchange information by connecting with all of columns which are out of these groups. The association between relative patterns is realized by other multilayered neural networks. The computer simulation showed that such a column network can simultaneously recall the plural sets of memorizing patterns and has the high noise tolerance and memory capacity.

View full abstract

This paper presents a technique for creating 3-D model of dynamic scenes employing mobile stereo cameras. Since the proposed technique allows independent move of the employed cameras, 3-D modeling of dynamic scenes under various environments such as remote places can be realized. Our technique has an advantage over others in that camera calibration is not prerequisite to the recovery. Therefore, it is possible to model any events that demanded immediacy of situation grasp. In the experiment, a human moving motion captured at a remote place modeled successfully.

View full abstract

In Japan, we have a severe problem, which is the Birth rate of 1.39 is very low, ant it is considered to be still getting low. There are many bad opinions, for example, "The reduction of population will bring the aging problem" or "From now, Japan will be getting weak". In this paper, we analysis reasons of the reduction of birth rate based on the statistical data and our numerical formula. Then we discuss on the means to stop the reduction of population.

View full abstract

In order to clarify the true reason of the reduction of the population in Japan, we should observe the modern society from the point of view of designing medical technology, which will tell the future of human being. In this paper, we use both methods, one is a inductive way constructing a model from data, the other is inductive way hypothesizing a model and checking it. We propose a method by which we draft new polices on the basis of the results given by both ways.

View full abstract

Recently Biomimetics is paid to attention for breakthrough method of the problem that could not be solved by a past technology. As for Tardigrada, living under the breaking point is confirmed. It is thought by the function appearance that it depends on chemical action of organization stabilization by trehalose and physical action to change structure of body. This paper on the result of observing the process of shifting to tun state of Tardigrada. The conformational change could be observed things except seeing result Tardigrada in the process to the state of tun. Various phenomena such as changes in grainy contents could be observed.

View full abstract