Information Technology has recently been introduced to various social systems. Especially, important information for our living like a road map has been brought by Geographic Information Systems. Particularly, a 3-D road map is a strong concern of map producing industries because of its visual understandability in car navigation. Although there are researches on the development of 3-D road maps, most of them employ aerial views obtained from an airplane or a satellite. They cannot offer an exact 3-D road map, since certain road information cannot be observed from above. This paper proposes a novel technique for creating a 3-D road map. It includes proposal of a vehicle that collects ground-view information of a road environment and a graphical system for producing a 3-D road map employing the collected information. The function of the proposed technique is to make a 3-D map by fitting measured data to a given 2-D map. In order to evaluate the proposed technique, we performed experiments at several cities in the world, and produced highly realistic 3-D graphical maps of the road environment. This confirms the availability of the proposed technique.

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In recent years, various imaging techniques have been introduced into medical fields for extraction of internal organ. Especially, HRCT is one of the useful diagnosis systems because it provides high resolution images. In the field of abdominal CT images, it is very important to understand blood vessel structures of a patient before operation. Furthermore, in the medical imaging field, segmentation is one of the most important problems. On the other hand, temporal subtraction method attempt to remove normal structures in the CT images, so that abnormalities can be observed more clearly to the medical doctor. With the subtraction technique, image warping is very important. If the performance of warping is no good, normal structures will appear as the artifacts on the subtraction image, and the image quality can be degraded. In this paper, we propose a 3-dimentional temporal subtraction method for abdominal CT images in order to detect the blood vessel region. The proposed technique is applied to four abdominal CT images and satisfactory results are achieved.

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This Paper describes an Acquisition Method for the Knowledge Based on Action Script to achieve the purpose on some subject. In this research, we tried to develop the system that can issue the keywords automatically according to the script to achieve the purpose. The developed system, especially this time, is aimed to gather the knowledge chips (keywords) automatically using the Acquisition Method based on Action Script from the homepage data made by "The Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan". As an example to express effectiveness of the method, we used the two keywords, "doubt" and "confirm". As the result, it could be clarified that the Acquisition Method for the Knowledge Based on Action Script works better than the usual method issuing merely the usual key words to gather the knowledge chips. It is hopeful that the Method Based on Action Script developed this time will be applied and will work well on the several kinds of fields to gather the knowledge chips in the near future.

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We proposed fundamental relations between tan exposure of electromagnetic waves and temperatures being utilized in photo-thermal therapies. In electromagnetic therapies, we use the thermal effects of electromagnetic waves, and it is much important to get theoretical basses based on Maxwell theory and thermodynamics if we need planed to practice medical irradiative therapies. According to our calculations, in the case of being irradiated for the target which have the specific heat 0.3cal/g.K by the low output power laser at its energies 100mW/cm^2 during 1 second, we can get the 0.76K rise in temperatures on the target. We see the thermo diffusion gets at 0.1cm depth within 1 second. And then we can adopt the electromagnetic waves and the low power laser as thermo therapies since our body temperatures is about 37℃ and the 2.4K rise in temperatures at our muscles in equilibrium. In generally speaking, the target tissues have finite thickness, so that We need take into account the reflection from the back of the target tissues. We need know the thermal dependence of the physical quantities as reflectance factor, absorption coefficient, and heat conductivity,

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We proposed a sample of stochastic motor, which moved by using principle of stochastic resonance. First we introduced Lagrangian, having dissipative terms caused by water molecules. Then, we got the motion of equations for motA-fliG-membranes complex of flagella motor. Under the process of the diffusion into cell body caused by protons gradient, many protons collide with motA imbedded into cell-membranes. Each motA connected with elastic membranes give rise to stochastic resonance. Stochastic resonance is called coherent state in quantum mechanics. This quantum coherent state generated by collision of protons lowers potential energy curves of springs. From that coherent motion, the ground state is not in the lowest energy state, but in the upper state from the point of the reduced potential energy curves. We seethe same phenomena in energy shift of motA as the phase transition of vacuum energy in elementary particle physics, and the energy of old ground state is higher than that of new ground state. The old ground state naturally releases its excess energy

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This paper describes a method for visualization of an invisible space as a new application of the mixed reality (MR) technique. In the proposed method, an invisible dynamic scene occluded by a certain object, a wall, for example, is taken images and modeled in a three-dimensional way in a virtual space at high speed. The image of the virtual space is then displayed to a head-mounted-display (HMD) of an observer, taking the observer's viewing direction into account. In this way, visualization of the invisible dynamic scene is achieved. Future application of the present technique may include its installation to various corners in the building or to the intersections on roads with bad visibility. This may contribute to reducing traffic accidents to a large extent in future.

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The medical histocompatible materials have been studied for the purpose of preventing most of patients from lethal diseases. For mechanism of calcification of biomaterials, it does not clear why an dystrophic calcification often occurs at the portions added stretching stress. In order to investigate this mechanism, we have made segmental polyurethane membranes (SPM), which are always lorded weights (100g, 150g and 300g) during a week, what is called static lorded test (creep test). Moreover, we prepared other SPM for acute fatigue test and animal experiments. For analyzing these experiments, we adopted methods small X-ray diffraction and Fractal analyzing way, and scattering theories. The fractal analysis showed that fatigue mechanism of the acute test (acceleration torture test) is not entirely similar to that of animal test using goats with an artificial heart. And we found the process of the degeneration for biomaterials obeys to a kind of scaling law.

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The medical histocompatible materials have been studied for the purpose of preventing most of patients from lethal diseases. In order to investigate the fatigue mechanism of segmental polyurethane membranes (SPM), we were practicing static lorded test (creep test). And we prepared other SPM for acute fatigue test and animal experiments. For analyzing these experiments, we adopted methods small X-ray diffraction and normal electron density function, distance-the numbers of electrons function, and connected Maxwell model for visco-elasticity. We knew that macromolecule chains have many complex conjunctures each 400 Å, and many electrons' areas came to be formed by extensions along to membranes and compressions across membranes' surfaces. One hand, our acceleration torture test showed that acceleration torture test brings about principally cutoff phenomena of macromolecule chains, on the other hand, we found animal experiments to be main causes lie in the stretching of many complex conjunctures of many macromolecule chains.

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We performed to analyze degeneration mechanisms of medical histocompatible materials with using small angle X-ray diffraction method. The most important problem is why we cannot prevent biomaterials from dystrophic calcification. In order to investigate the causes of degeneration of biomaterials in the view of the molecular theories, we developed the quantum scattering distribution method (QSD) and virtual polyurethane method (VPU) from molecular mechanics, molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics. Finally, we knew that Silicon (Si) included in the silan coupling agent (siloxane) have so large negative atomic charges that they are attracting many kinds of protein and dystrophic calcium. Moreover, we succeeded to reproduce results of the small X-ray diffractions when we simulated virtual X-ray diffraction experiments by VPU and QSD. And those numerical methods supported that the scaling law being proposed in the fractal analysis of small X-ray diffractions gives us certainly correct relation between momentum transfer and electron densities.

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We proposed fundamental relations between an exposure of electromagnetic waves and temperatures of irradiated tissues, in the case of arising the histo-diffluence or the histo-evaporation of the target tissue Under irradiation for the target tissues, we see they have an increasing in temperature. However, the increasing of temperature are depressed by diffluence or evaporation of the tissues, i.e., what we call, by specific latent heat. We think that the solidification point of tissue is -10℃, and that boiling point is 120℃, since the target tissues have much tissue fluid. Then we hypothesize the coefficient of thermal conductivity to be 10^<-3>cal s^<-1>cm^<-1> and irradiation energies of Laser to have 1000mW/cm^2s, we can melt the regions of 0.65cm at tissue's depth. If the tissue and its fluid have the specific heat 1.0cal/g.deg, specific latent heat of the melting point 80cal/deg, and that of the boiling point 539cal/deg, the velocity of backward movement for the histoevaporation surface about reaches to 3.5×10^<-6>m/s(3.5μm/s). We knew that we could remove one cell layer by using laser at the 1W/cm^2 powers. The cutting velocity of target tissues is estimated as approximately 1μm/s, if the diameter of laser beam becomes 2mm and we have 10mm at the thickness of target tissues.

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A purpose of this paper is to elucidate association of proper knowledge with proper recognition on own body weight. The survey was done for 73 of the first grade of nursing and 29 of midwifery students. We found various interesting facts which have significant differences of p<0.05.

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Messages in interpersonal communications influence the mental process of a receiver. The receiver's reactions to different message contents were examined by the brain function analysis using functional MRI. Ten right-handed healthy participants were scanned while listening to vocal expressions of praise or criticism from headphone, while at the same time playing a 2D-shooting video game. As results, the prefrontal region was activated more when players were listening to praise or criticism than when not listening to them. Moreover, for the auditory region, criticism related to broader activation than praise. On the other hand, praise elicited more activation than the criticism in the premotor cortex.

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Due to the rapid dissemination of the World Wide Web and emergence of an aging society with fewer children, the issue of the Web accessibility was raised, and one of the important things is the combination of a foreground color and a background color. Thus far we have investigated the visibility of the web-safe color. It was reported with psychological parameters during an investigation using the Thurston pair comparison method that visibility is highly contrast-dependent. When the contrast decreases at the same ratio, the addition of contrast to chromaticity will influence the visibility. If the contrast is too high, eye fatigue is likely to accumulate. And Blue color series visibility is high regardless of age. Opacity of the lens progresses with age, and develops a cataract when it deteriorates. It is thought that a blue visibility changes due to cataract. In this study, the blue color series visibility in cataract perioperative period was examined using pair comparison method, and compared it with healthy adult. As the results, it was shown that the cataract patient visibility is highly contrast-dependent, and the visibility after cataract operation indicates the tendency similar to healthy adult.

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We defined the shape of the preauricular groove on the human pelvis from the view of the fuzzy theory, and inferred the formation of that groove on a pelvis of a woman who might have a child. In order to make up the decision of the relation between the shape of that groove and the child birth, the shape of the groove was defined as about 5mm in breadth, 10mm in length, and 3-5mm in depth. This fuzzy group classification of the groove in this study showed clear preauricula grooves in females, and in a female subject excavated from the same grave of a child. This child might be born to her Furthermore, this fuzzy grouping theory showed no grooves in males and in two females (an adult female from a keyhole shaped mound and a young female with Gohora shell armlet). The results showed that both of two females without the grooves might have no children, and might be belonged to special classes of their societies.

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In late years, Japanese social aging advances, because an average life span spreads and the birth rate becomes low. Our purpose is to study the effect on the air flow around the smell clearner. We are developing the medical electronic equipments (disposal excreta processor for persons of rest care) being aimed at reduction of mental load. In order to make the medical equipments, we have to know an air flow around the equipments. We tried to solve and investigate an incompressibility Navier-Stokes equation the air flow by numerical analysis. We supposed the static boundary condition on the pipe inlet.

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The dynamic behavior of nano-scale magnet in living body is not well known, although the interaction of magnetic force is clear. Using strong photon beams in SPring-8 factory, we trace the magnets and investigate the accumulation of the living mouse's body. And we report the results which we obtain by observing the sections of internal organs directly under a microscope.

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