The objectives of this research are to investigate the actual condition of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) system in Korea, to compare sorting and recycling of waste plastic and kitchen waste, and the function of incineration in MSWM, and to consider the ideal MSWM from the aspects of the efficient use of resources and energy recovery. Up to now, MSWM in Korea depends on strict recycling system and landfilling. However, the sorting and recycling system is inefficient because of high unsuitable material mixing rate. Recently, Seoul Special City promotes incineration and energy recovery in MSWM system to reduce landifilling waste like Japan. However, the approaches in Korea: the concentration of large scale incineration facilities, wide area management, and kitchen waste recycling are different from Japanese one. Wide area management and kitchen waste recycling are also important objectives for policy in Japan, so these approaches in Korea are remarkable. In addition, regarding recycling of plastic which include various synthetic resins, it should be consider that the plastic is incinerated and recover energy.
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