The results of the survey of 200 university students showed that 72% had experienced unintentional littering, such as being blown away by the wind, dropped, or misplaced, more than the 21% who had experienced littering. Plastic packaging such as confectionery and candy was the most common item experienced as unintentional littering. Experiences of littering plastic bottles were equal for unintentional littering and littering. When people noticed unintentional littering, larger items such as plastic bottles and plastic bags tended to be picked up, but when it came to individual packages such as tissue paper and candy, more than 20% either did not pick them up at all or picked them up only to the extent that they did not have to walk. The distance to pick up litter is significantly shorter for those who have experienced littering. The behavior of picking up litter is more likely to be given up due to dirt from falling on the ground, lack of time to spare, and bad weather. Although people are educated about the "no littering" policy to prevent littering, those who scatter unintentionally and do not pick up their litter are not aware that they are littering. It is also necessary to educate people to "be sure to pick up what you drop."

The purpose of this study was to understand the status of MPs release from waste treatment facilities in Japan and to clarify wastewater treatment processes that are effective in removing MPs. A total of 8 facilities, including MSWI, were selected as target facilities, and the number concentration, type, and size of MPs in each wastewater were clarified, and their removal behavior in the wastewater treatment process was investigated. The results obtained and a questionnaire survey were used to calculate the emission intensity, and the annual MPs emission inventory via wastewater was estimated and discussed. The results showed that more than 99.9% of MPs were removed from raw water and treated water, indicating that wastewater treatment is effective in removing MPs through sand filtration, membrane treatment, activated carbon adsorption, and chelating resin columns. The inventory of discharge of general waste from municipal solid waste incineration facilities to sewers ranged from 29.6 to 2,100 kg/year, to public water bodies from 1.04 to 77.6 kg/year, to sewerage from plastic recycling facilities from 18.4 to 203 kg/year, to sewerage from landfill sites from 0.0326 to 0.122 kg/year, and to public water bodies from 0.0326 to 0.122 kg/year. The impact of MPs was concluded to be small.

Most of the floating garbage in rivers is disposable plastic. And 20% of it is polystyrene foam. Styrofoam is easily blown away by the wind and becomes small, making it difficult to pick up. I am particularly concerned about two types of polystyrene foam: bead-method polystyrene foam and expanded polystyrene sheets, which are easily blown away by the wind. At boat storage areas, polystyrene foam is also used as fender floats on the sides of boats, and when a boat hits it, the polystyrene particles fall off. If they become polystyrene particles, it is impossible to pick them up. In the first place, polystyrene foam, which turns into microplastics and pollutes the ocean, should not be used in the ocean. It is used because it is cheap, and in developing countries such as Thailand, it is used in large quantities and is easily discharged into the ocean. I propose imposing an environmental tax and using the tax revenue to subsidize polystyrene substitutes such as marine biodegradable plastics to promote their use.

In this study, an AI technology called YOLO that is a popular object detection and image segmentation model was used to construct a system to support recovered paper separating and its accuracy was verified. The system inputs images of 12 types of paper products and uses AI (YOLO) to detect their location and identify their types. The data used were a total of 6,000 images for training and 1,500 images with multiple types of paper products on each image for verification. As a result, the percentage of images that could be detected and discriminated (mAP) was 71.4%. When images with overlapping paper products were removed, the mAP was 83.6%. In order to improve detection accuracy in the future, it was mentioned that learning more cases with overlapping paper products and more types of angles at which photos are taken should be used.

In Fukuoka City, household non-burnable garbage is collected from individual houses once a month. Household non-burnable garbage that can be collected includes metalware, glass, porcelain and ceramics, gardening soil, and small home appliances. Waste Testing & Research Center is investigating the current state of disposal of recyclable materials and materials containing rare metals in order to build the Sound Material-Cycle Society in the future. In this study, we analyzed the composition of household non-burnable garbage from 2005 to 2022, as well as the trends in discharge over time for home appliances, the amount of which has been increasing in recent years. As a result, regarding changes in the composition of household non-combustible garbage, it was found that discharge of metals increased. On the other hand, discharge of glass were thought to have decreased due to domestic production. When analyzing the regional characteristics of home appliances, it was found that the number of electronic devices ``less than 25 cm x 10 cm'' tends to be higher in areas where the age group is younger and the number of people per household is smaller.

The rapid spread of COVID-19 has had a significant impact on the tourism industry. However, as a result of easing border control measures since November 2022, there has been a tendency for tourism demand, especially among foreign visitors to Japan, to increase. In this context, improper disposal of waste, such as littering in tourist areas, has become a problem. It is presumed that one of the reasons for this is the difficulty in understanding Japan's detailed waste separation system. This study aims to delve into the awareness and actual conditions of waste separation among foreign tourists visiting Japan through street surveys and to highlight the problems and key points for improvement in waste management faced by tourists. The organization and analysis of the survey results revealed that the understanding of waste separation and the comprehension of the container packaging identification mark among foreign tourists are likely influenced by their experience in Japan. In particular, tourists who have never visited Japan have a low understanding of waste types and classification. It is necessary and effective to promote understanding of waste types and classification methods early during their visit and to provide clear information.

The wide use of single-use cups or plastic bottles have become standard due its practicality and convenience, leading to the accumulation of plastic waste in the environment where proper waste management is absent. Although plastic recycling has vastly improved, reducing waste at source or reusing material is priority. To overcome this, behavioural change from dependency to single-use plastic bottles or cups to refill bottles is required. A shared socio-environmental space, such as office, is a potential medium for interventions to nudge behavioural change. This research aims to address factors influencing the employees’ motivation to use refill bottles. This research conducted open survey to 200 employees of SATO Corporation in Tokyo, which were participating in a refill bottle use project with Zojirushi Corporation. Data was explored using thematic analysis following the guideline in a codebook created in advance. This study discovered 10 factors associated with motivation to use refill bottles according to the COM-B and TDF frameworks. The main findings include specific contexts identified in beliefs about capabilities, beliefs about consequences, goals, reinforcements, and habits regarding refill bottles use. The findings are expected to aid decision of intervention to capability or opportunity aspects adjusted to these motivational factors.

A social experiment was conducted to prove that installing the water dispenser for three weeks in July 2023 on the Taisho University campus, where there are no water supply spots for water bottle, would reduce the amount of plastic bottle waste. The effectiveness was measured by weighing and comparing the number of plastic bottles discarded during one week in June before and three weeks after the water dispenser was installed. Furthermore, the results were evaluated based on changes in sales of plastic bottled drinks from vending machines on campus, the amount of water dispense from the water dispenser and the results of a questionnaire. The results showed that the amount of plastic bottles disposed of increased in July compared to June, while 90% of users said that they purchased fewer PET bottled drinks.In fact, it is thought that the amount of water used in water dispensers and the reduction of plastic bottle waste generation by around 1,550 bottles were reduced.

This study focuses on the behavior of purchasing deli foods, liquid seasonings, detergents, and body care products in bulk using personal containers. The objective was to investigate the nationwide prevalence and acceptability of these practices in Japan. The findings reveal that approximately 20-30% of respondents currently engage in purchasing deli foods by weight using personal containers. Additionally, nearly 60% of respondents indicated that they would be somewhat willing to use their own containers if bulk purchasing options were made available, with overall acceptability reaching nearly 80%. In contrast, the prevalence of using personal containers for liquid seasonings and detergents is around 10%, but the potential willingness to adopt this practice stands at 20-30%, and the overall acceptability is about 40%, indicating a moderate level of receptiveness. The study also reports on various examples of existing bulk purchasing practices using personal containers.

The New law in France and Germany to reduce single use cups and food containers.

In this study, we aim to satisfy consumer needs and make effective use of used clothing by building a used clothing collection and reuse system for university students. The used clothing collection and reuse system designed in this study targets "unwanted clothing" that is not worn even though it is not damaged such as dirty or torn. We envision a system in which collection boxes are set up on university campuses to collect and sort the unwanted clothing, which is then transferred and resold to university students at events such as school festivals. This system can change the linear flow of production, consumption, disposal/abandonment to a circular flow of production, consumption, collection, transfer/resale, and consumption.

To achieve the research objectives, we conducted a questionnaire survey of students enrolled in the Faculty of Environment at Tokyo City University to understand the usage of used clothing, possession of unwanted clothing, and needs for a used clothing collection and reuse system on university campuses.

Regarding marine plastics, the estimated value of about 150 million tons of plastics that are said to be accumulated and accumulated in the ocean by Jambeck et al. in 2015, is excessive. The estimate that most of the missing plastics are accumulated in the deep sea is also excessive. From my experience working on river surface cleaning, most of the missing plastics are not accumulated in the deep sea, but on the riverbed and coast. And it is the riverbed and coast that are the places where microplastics are generated. Here, they are constantly exposed to ultraviolet rays from the sun and are repeatedly wetted and dried by the tides and become microplastics. In other words, the riverbed and coast are where microplastics are born. The method of preventing their generation is to suppress the generation of disposable plastics, remove plastics accumulated on the beach and riverbed, and install automatic garbage collectors in each river to prevent plastics from flowing into the ocean through the river.

Solid waste management (SWM) is a critical issue in urban areas globally, including Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. The closure of the Piyungan landfill has intensified the need for sustainable waste management alternatives. This study examines the current state of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Yogyakarta and explores the potential for producing refuse-derived fuel (RDF) from rejected fractions. Yogyakarta generates approximately 298.87 tons of MSW daily, with a significant portion being organic waste, followed by plastics and paper. Waste pretreatment processes are important to meet RDF standards. Efficient source segregation and establishing large-scale Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) are essential steps toward reducing landfill dependency. These measures can significantly reduce environmental impact and maximize resource utilization, promoting a more sustainable and efficient waste management system for Yogyakarta.

In the garbage collection and transportation business, there is a need for technologies related to non-contact and automation to cope with labor shortages. The purpose of this research is to develop elemental technologies for social implementation of non-contact garbage collection and to construct a scenario. As one of the elemental technologies to realize non-contact garbage collection, we developed an autonomous driving robot that can carry garbage containers. Although implementation on public roads in the future is the target, early social implementation is expected in specific Spaces such as theme parks that are not subject to restrictions such as the road traffic law. In this paper, we report on the use cases in a specific space and the proposed introduction of moving trash cans.

In recent years, many studies have been conducted on the proper disposal of waste plastics discharged from the agricultural sector, but not enough research has been conducted on the amount of plastic materials used and discharged, focusing on the detailed classification of plastic materials by agricultural product category. In this study, we attempted to estimate material flows by classifying agricultural products into two categories: stock-type plastics and flow-type plastics, and by dividing them into fruit vegetables, leafy vegetables, root vegetables, grains, and flowers.

The amount of stock-type plastic used per unit area of cropland was 840 g/m² for fruit vegetables, 320 g/m² for leafy vegetables, 0 g/m² for root crops, 2.2 g/m² for cereals, and 580 g/m² for flowering plants. Flow-type plastic use was 12 g/m² for fruiting vegetables, 10 g/m² for leafy stem vegetables, 0.97 g/m² for root vegetables, 0.33 g/m² for cereals, and 5.9 g/m² for flowering plants. On the other hand, the total amount of plastic emitted from farmland per unit cropland per year was 350 g/m² for fruiting vegetables, 63 g/m² for leafy stem vegetables, 0.97 g/m² for root crops, 0.64 g/m² for cereal crops, and 140 g/m² for flowering plants.

IIn light of changes in social conditions, such as China's ban on the acceptance of waste plastics at the end of FY 2017, Japan has enacted the Plastic Resources Circulation Act to strengthen domestic recycling of waste plastics. In this study, a database was constructed from information in Hokkaido's industrial waste disposal performance reports for FY 2016 and FY 2018, before and after China's ban on acceptance, to estimate the processing flow of waste plastics. The results showed that the amount of waste plastic disposed of in Hokkaido decreased slightly (by about 7%), the amount of recycled waste decreased by about 19%, and the amount of landfill disposal by the industrial waste contractors themselves who submitted reports increased by about 40%. In the future, further analysis will be conducted using data from FY 2019 as well, to specifically verify the relationship with China's ban on the acceptance of waste plastics. In addition, the project aims to comprehensively resolve issues related to waste plastic disposal in Hokkaido, including not only industrial waste but also general waste.

A method for quantifying urban plastic waste based on objective by efficient observation has not yet been established worldwide.

In this study, we first developed a quantification model for waste plastic flowing from land to water in collaboration, and then analyzed city waste images obtained by citizen science through a smartphone applicarion (Pirika) to measure the amount of plastic waste flowing into water in the city.

For a quantification model at a certain location L, the total outflow amount can be estimated if the inflow amount to the waterside InB(L), the direct inflow amount InW(L), and the amount of cleaning are known. Therefore, we conducted actual measurements three times, and by photographing the waste scattered at the waterside and the waste that had fallen into the waterway with Pirika and then collecting the waste, we were able to determine InB(L), InW(L) and the amount of cleaning.

The third data after the cleanup was less than the difference data between the first and second times, and the effect of the trash pick-up event was confirmed as per the broken window theory.

In this study, the environmental impact of plastic input, production, and disposal stages was evaluated using a life cycle assessment, and three scenarios were assumed for current plastic recycling: simple incineration only, material recycling only, and thermal recycling only, and the differences were evaluated and compared. In this study, data on the estimated weight of plastic at the input, discharge, and treatment/disposal stages published in the "Plastic Recycling Flow Diagram" (Plastic Waste Management Association) was used. The analysis results showed that simple incineration reduces the amount of waste generated, but can have a significant negative impact on climate change. In addition, results were obtained suggesting that material recycling and thermal recycling have little impact on climate change, but may increase the discharge of waste and other chemicals.

It has been a long time since the plastic problem became a global and local social issue. Measures to solve the problem are being considered and introduced in various places, but one of the places where it is difficult to solve the problem is island regions/countries. This is true of waste and resource circulation in general, but in addition to the fact that stranded garbage cannot be ignored, the small population size makes it difficult to achieve economies of scale such as recycling, and there are significant restrictions on off-island processing, such as high transportation costs. It's for a reason. This time, we used a resin discrimination sensor to conduct material analysis and weight analysis of beach-washed plastic and general waste plastic on Okinoerabu Island. Based on these analysis results, we will examine the possibility of future circulation within the island and the possibility of suppressing its occurrence.

Soil discharged as a byproduct of excavation during construction work is called “generated soil. Soil generated is classified into two categories based on its properties: muddy soil and other types of sediment. On the other hand, from a legal standpoint, generated soil is classified into “construction sludge,” which is classified as industrial waste, and “construction soil,” which is generated soil minus construction sludge and thus not classified as industrial waste. It is important to note that the appearance of muddy soil and construction sludge are quite similar. Muddy excavated materials and muddy water generated from excavation work are called “muddy soil,” while construction sludge is treated as industrial waste as defined by the Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing Law. Construction sludge is a part of muddy soil, but there are three other types of muddy soil: dredged soil, which is classified as construction soil and not as industrial waste; and muddy construction soil, which is neither construction sludge nor dredged soil. This paper discusses the difference between muddy soil and construction sludge.

This study aimed to clarify the composition and discharge status of agricultural plastic waste, and to construct a model to estimate the amount and type of waste from various data. Using Miyazaki Prefecture as an example, the accuracy of the constructed model was verified by comparing it with the actual amount of waste plastic discharged. A survey of the actual discharge status of waste plastic clarified the actual discharge status of pesticide containers and fertilizer bags.

A waste plastic discharge estimation model was created using the obtained discharge unit value for each type of agricultural waste plastic. When comparing the actual and estimated values of waste plastic discharge required by the three towns of Koyu, a difference of approximately 0.92 times was observed for agricultural plastic film and approximately 1.7 times for agricultural polythene, but it was possible to grasp the general trend of waste plastic discharge.

The promotion of domestic plastic resource circulation is a crucial issue in response to the problems such as marine plastic waste, climate change, and import restrictions on waste by foreign countries. In Hokkaido, it has been reported that approximately 30% of industrial plastic waste is directly landfilled without intermediate treatment. To promote plastic resource circulation in Hokkaido, it is important to conduct detailed research on these directly landfilled waste plastics. This study conducts a comparative analysis of the transportation distances for direct landfill and intermediate treatment of industrial plastic waste using actual results reported by the industrial waste disposal service contractor in Hokkaido. The results revealed that the transportation distance for direct landfill is shorter than that for intermediate treatment. This finding suggests that direct landfill is a potentially reasonable option for waste generators, at least in terms of transportation costs. It also indicates the importance of measures to reduce transportation costs.

Understanding global plastic consumption behaviors is crucial as concerns over plastic pollution rise. This study examines consumer behavior and awareness regarding plastic bottle and shopping bag usage in Japan, France (Paris), USA (New York), Indonesia (Jakarta), and China (Shanghai). Utilizing a web-based questionnaire, we collected data from 4526 residents, focusing on personal information, environmental attitudes, and plastic usage patterns. Results indicate distinct consumption behaviors across the five countries. In 2014, Japan had the highest weekly plastic bottle usage at 3.5 bottles per capita, which decreased to 3 bottles by 2024. Conversely, other countries saw a significant increase in usage over the same period. For plastic shopping bags, Japanese consumers used an average of 0.73 bags per week, the lowest among the countries surveyed, largely due to the 2020 implementation of a plastic bag charge and the availability of eco-friendly alternatives. In contrast, Jakarta exhibited the highest usage at 5.71 bags per week. The study highlights the need for further research on the relationship between environmental awareness and actual behavior. Future research will also expand to include additional countries with successful plastic reduction policies to enhance global management strategies.

This study conducted interviews with waste separation instructors. The analysis revealed the actual conditions regarding the recruitment, training, management, and salaries of the waste separation instructors elucidate. Additionally, it was suggested that the waste separation instructor system is An important system for promoting resident's waste separation behaviors. However, the waste separation instructor system faces several challenges. First, since the instructor system relies on government subsidies, its sustainability is not assured. Second, the aging of instructors is progressing, and their safety and salaries are not guaranteed. Third, if the instructor system is abolished, it is possible that resident's behaviors cannot be sustained.

Villagers living on Tonlé Sap (TS) Lake have low incomes and no access to basic public services, such as waste management, domestic water, electricity, and health care. Knowledge of the villagers’ perceptions and the composition of the waste from their boathouses will contribute to constructing a waste collection system with community participation within the framework of waste prevention and reduction. This study surveyed residents living in boathouses in four floating villages on TS Lake, Cambodia regarding boathouse waste composition to assess the status of household waste including plastic waste. The household waste survey sought to clarify the amount of plastic waste and other recyclable waste discharged from floating houses. An analysis of the boathouse plastic waste composition showed that residents of the floating villages generated 40.21 g plastic waste/day/capita, which was much lower than the 340 g/day/capita in the United States, 120 g/day/capita in China, and even 70 g/day/capita in Cambodian on average, but higher than the 10 g/day/capita in India.

This paper summarizes the challenges and lessons learned through a pilot project of waste oil collection and storage and landfarming activities carried out in Samoa from 2021 to 2022 as part of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)'s project for Promotion of Regional Initiative on Solid Waste Management in Pacific Island Countries2 (J-PRISM2), a technical cooperation project implemented in nine Pacific Island Countries from 2017 to 2023.

Nomads in Mongolia suffer from energy poverty, lacking adequate electricity. While the early 2000s saw a proliferation of solar panels and lead-acid batteries, there is insufficient analysis of nomads' energy use and behavior concerning the use and disposal of lead-acid batteries. Discussions on the effects of improving energy disparities and the environmental impacts are needed. Especially, issues related to the consumption and disposal of lead-acid batteries have become prominent. This study investigates the actual conditions of energy use and waste generation among nomads. It is found that nomads utilize solar panels and automotive lead-acid batteries but lack proper knowledge. This results in not only poor generation efficiency but also potential fire hazards from overcharging, illegal dumping of used lead-acid batteries, and consequent environmental pollution and health risks. Future efforts should focus on alleviating energy poverty and disparities among nomads, collecting used batteries, establishing an international resource circulation network, and considering the proper treatment and recycling of nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion batteries.

Upcycling is “taking a product or material that is no longer in use and transforming it into a product of another dimension of value”. Upcycling is as important as the 3Rs (reuse, reduce, recycle) in reducing waste and creating a resource-recycling society. However, upcycling is not well known in Japan, and its efforts have not been very active. In this study, we first conducted a questionnaire survey on the current status of upcycling and its acceptability. Then, we interviewed upcycling practitioners to determine the requirements for successful upcycling (i.e. high product design, high quality manufacturing technology, and a good story to add to the product). Furthermore, we worked on a product plan for school backpack upcycling that would meet these requirements.

In this study, we analyzed an effect of the shopping bag charge based on an attitude survey. As a result, the main elements which influenced shopping bag refusal rates were sex, age, the use frequency of the shop. In addition, it was found that there were many people who did not receive a shopping bag by the shopping bag charge. so it was thought that the charge was effective. Furthermore, it was found that many people refused a shopping bag when it cost 10 yen. And the person who was dissatisfied with shopping bag charge tended to receive a shopping bag. From these results, it was important that we evaluated quantitatively an effect of the shopping bag charge, announced the significance and persuade consumers. As a future problem, we will investigate a change of the consciousness for the environment by the shopping bag charge, and analyze the elements to influence a change.

In the recent trend toward decarbonization, it is assumed that the impact of de-plasticization will lead to a switch from previously plastic to paper products. This may lead to an increase in the generation of waste paper. Since there is a possibility that recovered paper will become even more complex in the future, it is necessary to study miscellaneous paper collection items, names, and collection methods to make it easier for consumers to separate them in order to promote the recycling of recovered paper.

This survey, entitled "Medium- and Long-term Initiatives for Paper Recycling," was conducted by the Paper Recycling Promotion Center and the Dynax Urban Environmental Research Institute, in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Paper Recycling Promotion Center in 2024, by asking the following questions of stakeholders involved in paper recycling: paper wholesalers, paper collectors, paper manufacturers, municipalities, consumers, and others. The Center for the Promotion of Recycled Paper Recycling and the Dynax Urban Environment Research Institute conducted interviews and questionnaire surveys with paper wholesalers, collectors, paper manufacturers, local governments, consumers, and other stakeholders involved in paper recycling to identify issues that need to be addressed in order to create a medium- to long-term vision for the next half century.

Although many countries implement measures for sustainable plastic management, consumers’ pro-environmental consciousness and behaviors vary by country. This study aims to compare behaviors related to plastic consumption internationally and analyze their influencing factors. We conducted a questionnaire survey in five regions: Japan, Paris, New York, Jakarta, and Shanghai. Based on the question about engagement in 13 types of pro-environmental behaviors related to plastic products, the only behavior that more than 40% of people in all five regions reported practicing was bringing their own reusable shopping bags. On the other hand, the percentage of people carrying reusable bottles or cups was below 40% only in Japan, at 25.7%. However, 49.2% of respondents in Japan reported properly separating PET bottles, which was higher than in other regions. This may indicate a unique tendency in Japan compared to other regions regarding beverage consumption. In addition, compared to other regions, Japanese respondents answered that the frequencies of exposure to information about environmental issues and talks on the issues were once every few weeks or less, at 50.2% and 67.9%, respectively. In the future, we plan to examine the impact of these frequencies on pro-environmental behaviors toward plastic products.

Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology offers a course for undergraduate students. In this course, students designed and fabricated PET bottle recycling bins. To collect more PET bottle, encourage cap removal, and to decrease other waste contamination into PET bottles, students discussed better designs in group work. The fabricated recycling bins were set for one week for PET bottle collection experiments in Tokyo Tech Ookayama campus. Design preference toward each recycling bin was scaled using pairwise comparison method with Scheffe’s method (Nakaya variation). This study found that design of recycling bins gave no significant impact on cap removal. On the other hand, better designs increased other waste contamination into collected PET bottles.

In this paper, we constructed and verified a resident satisfaction index that can be used commonly in all Chinese cities, and conducted an online survey of 1,612 residents in four Chinese cities: Hangzhou, Ningbo, Nanchang, and Yichun, where each sample size is 405, 404, 403, and 400 respectively, in order to clarify the influence of resident satisfaction on behavior.Four factors were extracted from the survey results by factor analysis of questions related to resident satisfaction for each policy. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on these factors by city, and high factor loadings were obtained in each of the four cities, confirming the applicability of the index.Furthermore, it was revealed that residents' overall satisfaction with the waste disposal system was significantly influenced by three elements: "station management and beautification," "problems during waste transportation," and "information provision and awareness activities." However, it was also shown that overall satisfaction does not have a direct effect on residents' waste sorting behavior, and that waste sorting behavior is significantly influenced by "convenience of waste discharge and sorting" and "information provision and awareness activities."

We have developed an educational program for elementary school students that provides an opportunity to learn about marine debris problem while having fun and to think about and take action to solve the problem. The key learning points are ‘Think about the connection between marine debris problem and our daily lives’ and ‘Think about what we can do to solve marine debris problem’. And we also use the character ‘Umipler’ to help people understand the marine debris more closely. We conducted a survey of children who participated in this program to verify the learning effects, satisfaction, and effectiveness of each learning content. As a result, over 80% of the children were achieving the desired learning effects. And as the effectiveness of each learning content became clear, we were also able to obtain directions for optimizing the overall design. We plan to work on optimizing the content and disseminating this program so that it will be used more widely.

We report on the effectiveness of the event, Tomogashima Exploration Walk Rally, developed in Tomogashima islands, Wakayama City, with the aim of solving the marine debris problem and promoting tourism, to encourage tourists to pick up marine debris. This event is a walking rally where participants can enjoy bingo games, made up of tourist spots on the island and marine debris spots, while visiting tourist sites and the sites of marine debris drifting. And by using a character called ‘Umipler’, which is an anthropomorphized representation of marine debris, the experience offers a new perspective on picking up debris, which is considered to be hard and dirty. A survey was conducted among citizens who participated in the event to verify the effectiveness of the contents. The results showed that participants found picking up debris more enjoyable and rewarding, that they were more likely to take on the marine debris problem as own problem, and also that they were more satisfied with the event and wanted to participate again. We will work with Wakayama city to promote the use of this content so that it can be further utilized by Wakayama city and other areas

Food waste is a global issue, and in Japan, about half of food waste is generated by households. In this research, a cloud-based automatic weighing system was used to measure the amount of food waste at home. The research was conducted during 6 weeks among 119 households in Japan, which have two or more family members, in 20s to 70s age groups. We asked all participants to separate food waste and put them into a dedicated waste bin. During the intervention period, three tools to support food waste reduction, refrigerator organizers, photo taking, and a food management app, were used as intervention measures. They were assigned to 89 households and the remaining 30 households served as the control group. The amount of food waste before and after the intervention, by tool, decreased by 176 g (51%) for the organizing goods, 177 g (43%) for picture taking, and 129 g (29%) for the app. The intervention group as a whole decreased by an average of 160 g (40%), with no rebound occurring during the follow-up period approximately three months later. Analysis by two-way analysis of variance in a mixed design showed that the interaction was significant at a risk rate of less than 5%, suggesting an effect of the intervention.

Food loss has been included as one of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015, and momentum for its reduction continues to grow internationally. In this paper, we conducted a brief systematic review with the aim of understanding trends in gaming simulations to encourage consumers' food loss reduction behavior. From previous studies, we organized consumer behaviors and interventions related to household food loss, with a particular focus on gaming simulation, which is closely related to communication. The literature review compared and analyzed four studies on the topics of refrigerator organization, food memory retention, food supply chain management, and nutrition education, and confirmed that each of them encouraged consumers' food loss reduction behaviors for different target groups. In particular, the study concluded that game-based education is effective in improving memory retention and awareness, but that it does not track longer-term effects on a yearly basis and does not address behavior change.

In order to promote sustainability transition, it is important to develop people who can collaborate with others and take environmental action that influences society (hereinafter referred to as civic action). In this study, we theoretically studied the factors and processes that influence the practice of civic action, designed a model educational program based on the results of these studies, and have been implementing it in schools. In this presentation, we will focus on the group that worked on the food waste issue among the educational programs implemented at Ota Ward Omori Dairoku Junior High School from 2022 to 2023, and report on the details of the program and the transformation of the students.

This study aims to clarify the impact of municipal household waste charges and separate collection of food waste on food waste-related behaviors. A survey was conducted targeting residents of municipalities implementing household waste charges (Chigasaki City, Handa City, Hatsukaichi City), municipalities implementing separate collection of food waste (Toyohashi City, Nagaoka City, Joetsu City), and a national control group. Covariates were adjusted using propensity score matching, and the frequency of food waste and the level of food waste reduction behaviour among residents were compared. The results revealed that the frequency of food waste among residents in municipalities with household waste charges or food waste separation policies was similar to or higher than that of residents nationwide. Furthermore, there was no consistent evidence that residents in these municipalities exhibited higher levels of food waste reduction behaviors. While there are limitations in discussing behavior changes due to the lack of pre- and post-implementation comparisons, this study suggests that the actual impact of these policies on residents' food waste-related behaviors is small.

A questionnaire survey on how long after the best before date people will consider eating, was conducted in Kodaira City (Tokyo Pref) and at Teikyo University. Even with long life items such as tinned foods, 15% of the respondents would not eat the item after the best before date. 65% of university students and <30% would only consider eating within 2-3 days after expiry. The duration after the best before date was considerably shorter among university students, compared to the Kodaira sample which was dominated by over 60 year olds.

Among university students, the period was relatively longer for items they are more familiar with, such as pastries and snacks, compared with eggs or preserved items in jars, that many of them are not engaged in making daily choices.

In October 2022, the authors developed a web app for online broadcasting at food corners. To motivate the purchase of discount foods, the authors installed live cameras at food corners of supermarkets and a department store, and delivered the still images, names, prices, and discount rates of discount foods via the web app. As the second round, the authors conducted the food loss reduction campaign named “Nokorifuku Campaign Part 2” including approaches for awareness raising and behavior modification on purchase of discount foods and Temaedori behavior by posting enlightenment materials published by MAFF and humorous poems by university students at food corners. Two phase web-surveys for users of web-app before and after the campaign were implemented, and actual usage of web-app, recognition rates of enlightenment materials, and behavior modification effect of food loss reduction were analyzed in this study.

On May 22 of this year, the “Act on the Promotion of Effective Utilization of Resources” was passed and enacted, which aims to ensure the supply of recycled materials of the quality and quantity required by manufacturers, etc. in order to promote resource recycling. While ensuring the quality of recycled materials has long been a requirement, the proposed law is expected to increase demand for recycled materials. Recycled material manufacturers will be required to ensure the quality, quantity, and marketability of recycled materials that meet the requirements of users. To this end, it will be necessary to ensure appropriate manufacturing management, traceability of recycled materials, and production of recycled materials that can be expected to reduce GHG emissions in society as a whole. By organizing the quality and other stipulations in the existing certification systems for reclaimed materials by prefectures and third-party organizations, the report indicates that to promote the use of reclaimed materials, it is necessary to (1) certify reclaimed materials at the national level covering a wide range of reclaimed materials, (2) certify reclaimed materials with overall GHG reduction effects, and (3) disclose this information in a centralized manner.

The report clarifies the current status of separate collection of containers and packaging made from various materials, identifies the challenges in promoting municipal solid waste management, and makes recommendations of reducing the financial burden of municipal solid waste management.

The performed law for Recycling Plastic Material in Japan. Municipal being studied plastic sorted collection and recycle.This study is evaluation of municipal solid waste management system on plastic sorted collection in Tottori Central Region. In consequence plastic sorted collection can reduction of greenhouse gas releases and reduction of final disposal volume. Sustainable plastic sorted collection, it is important to improve the efficiency of transportation and build-out in intraregional waste management system.

Regarding waste paper collection in Japan, there is room for improvement in the level of awareness and implementation of the regulations, and efforts are needed to encourage people to put them into practice. This research aims to use a method called nudge and set up posters to bring about behavioral changes that encourage people to collect waste paper. Nudge is a concept from behavioral economics that refers to a method of guiding people to make better choices without restricting or coercing them.Posters about environmental risks and simple informational purposes were placed on the Ito Campus of Kyushu University at the Faculties of Engineering and Agriculture, respectively. The study assessed the amount of waste paper and its proportion in burnable garbage, finding no significant change. Despite 57.2% of Engineering students and 40% of Agriculture students understanding the importance of waste classification, behavior did not notably improve.

In recent years, there has been a need for waste incinerators to achieve both stable operation and cost reduction from the viewpoint of CO₂ emission control. In addition, due to concerns about the shortage of experienced operators at waste incinerators, it has become important not only to operate and manage waste incinerators but also to support waste incinerators with systems that eliminate dependency as much as possible. Based on this background, MHIEC has developed an AI remote monitoring and operation support system with an operation scoring function to facilitate operation and stabilize operation of facilities. In this paper, among the operation scoring of MHIEC's AI remote monitoring and operation support system, the equipment scoring (infrastructure health score), which plays a role in the detection of failure signs of important plant equipment, is reported together with the verification results conducted at the A incineration plant.

In the operation of waste incineration facilities, safety management of workers is one of the important elements. In safety management at waste incineration facilities, estimating the position of workers plays a crucial role. However, there is no established method for positioning in indoor environments where GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) does not function, such as in waste incineration facilities. Therefore, this development aimed to realize a low-cost indoor positioning system utilizing existing facilities such as Wi-Fi.We built a positioning method using machine learning that utilizes the RSSI of the existing Wi-Fi. Also, to shorten the time related to the measurement of data linking coordinates and sensor data necessary for introducing the positioning system, we created a device combining SLAM and Wi-Fi RSSI sensors.In an actual cleaning plant, we achieved an average error of 2.78m. Also, we shortened the time related to the operation of linking coordinates and sensor data to 1/100 of the conventional time.

Municipal solid waste collection services are one of the important lifelines that support social life. The purpose of this study is to verify and evaluate the "Guidelines for the prevention of novel coronavirus infection related to waste" issued by the Ministry of the Environment under the epidemic of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection that began in 2020, and to present infection prevention measures necessary for the continuation of refuse collection operations during future epidemics of infectious diseases. An infection risk assessment table will be used for this evaluation and verification. We conducted a questionnaire survey of municipalities, including government-designated cities, where collection operations are conducted, asking about the frequency of the appearance of situations in which the infections identified in the previous studies would occur.

This study develops a logic model (a structured path to policy goals based on the results obtained from the implementation of measures) for policies in the textile industry. By visualizing existing efforts and activities, the objective of this study is to examine the policies and measures needed to improve the quality of textile resource circulation.

The reason why digital transformation has not progressed in the fields of industrial waste and resource circulation in Japan is thought to be because the effects of its introduction have not been measured sufficiently. The use of slips called manifests is mandatory for the disposal of industrial waste, but since they cannot be linked to sales and invoices as they are, other paper slips are used to supplement them, and the current situation is that complete electronicization and systemization have not been achieved.

This study analyzes the current state of the conventional systems of industrial waste disposal companies and qualitatively clarifies the effectiveness of traceability and the effect of reducing employee workload that could be achieved by implementing a system based on work chain management proposed by Miyaki Ishii.