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Published: September 18, 2005
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Article type: Appendix
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Article type: Appendix
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Article type: Index
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Published: September 18, 2005
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Ken-ichi FUNAZAKI, Kazutoyo YAMADA, Go NAKAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 501
Published: September 18, 2005
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This study deals with numerical analyses of flow-structure coupling occurring at a cerebrovascular branch with an aneurysm. Commercial codes, CFX, ANSYS and ICEM CFD are utilized to accomplish full automated coupling analyses on a basis of UNIX shellscript. Carreau-Yasuda is adopted as viscosity model.
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Hidehito Iwase, Ryutaro Himeno, Shigeho Noda
Article type: Article
Session ID: 502
Published: September 18, 2005
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Authors have been developing a high efficient simulation system of hemodynamics based on VOF-FVM correspondent to voxel model. The developed system drastically reduces the loads in the construction of blood vessel modeling by adopting the voxel model obtained from medical images with MRI, CT etc. Furthermore, applying VOF-FVM with rectangular coordinate made it possible to lose the working of mesh generation to a blood vascular model. Using our developed simulation system that is suitable to multi-scale analysis in blood vessel, we simulate the hemodynamics in many complicate network-structures of cerebral artery, investigated the influence of network structure of blood vessels to hemodynamics.
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Kuniharu OKA, HAO Liu, Kazuaki FUKASAKU, Fuyou LIANG
Article type: Article
Session ID: 503
Published: September 18, 2005
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A multi-scale computational method is developed for a quantitative investigation of the hemodynamics in the human thoracic aorta. A 3D biodynamic computational model of the aorta together with its three arterial branches is constructed based on a series of DSA medical images. To account for the effect of the whole cardiovascular system on the blood flow in the aorta, a lumped 0D model is coupled with the 3D computation. With this multi-scale method, the influence of cardiovascular disease or dynamics on the hemodynamics in the aorta is numerically analyzed. Exercise is demonstrated to have a considerable influence on the flow patterns, especially wall share stress (WSS) distribution in the aorta.
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Hisashi TANIGUCHI, Shinichi FUJIMOTO, Fuyou LIANG, Hao LIU
Article type: Article
Session ID: 504
Published: September 18, 2005
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The cardiac hemodynamics is of great importance in determining the condition of the whole human circulatory system. However, the flow patterns in heart are always complex and difficult to be fully depicted by medical measurements, which calls for a reasonable numerical simulation method capable of investigating the cardiac hemodynamics in quantitative terms. To this end, we developed a multi-scale computational method by means of coupling a closed-loop lumped 0D model for the human cardiovascular system with the 3D computation of the hemodynamics in the left ventricle. The predicted results are in satisfactory agreement with the previous data where available. Moreover, owing to its multi-scale property, the present method favors a flexible analysis of the cardiac hemodynamics under various conditions either normal or pathological.
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Fuyou Liang, Hao Liu
Article type: Article
Session ID: 505
Published: September 18, 2005
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Studies on the human cardiovascular system will inevitably encounter difficulties in describing the regulatory properties of the hemodynamics. The regulatory ability of the cardiovascular system is dominated by various factors, among which, the autonomic nervous system plays the most important role in the short-term hemodynamic regulation. Aiming to a quantitative analysis of the interaction between the cardiovascular the autonomic nervous systems, we developed an integrated computational model composed of a comprehensive closed-loop lumped model for the whole cardiovascular system and a series of mathematical models representing the nervous system. The present model not only provides satisfactory hemodynamic predictions comparable to the in vivo measurements under normal resting condition but also allows a reasonable simulation of the cardiovascular regulation in responses to exercise, postural change as well as various pathological conditions.
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Naoki TAKANO, Mitsuhiro KAWAGAI, Takayoshi NAKANO, Yukichi Umakoshi, T ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 506
Published: September 18, 2005
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This paper aims at developing a practical multi-scale simulator for bone to be used for osteoporosis diagnosis and biomechanical study. In the newly developed multi-scale system, the macroscopic mechanical properties of bone can be predicted considering both the microscale trabeculae morphology and the nanoscale BAp grain orientation. The digital image-based modeling technique using X-ray CT and voxel finite element mesh is used to capture the microscale morphology. Very huge finite element model is used, but the c-axis of BAp is assigned to all the elements automatically. The mathematical homogenization method is applied to calculate the macroscopic properties. Another topic in our multi-scale system is that the stress and/or strain can be analyzed at microscale under arbitrary loading condition by means of the mesh superposition method. In this manuscript, an application to pig's thighbone is demonstrated. The predicted anisotropic properties agreed well with the measurement of c-axis of BAp by X-ray diffraction.
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Narumichi SATO, Taiji ADACHI, Mototsugu TANAKA, Masaki HOJO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 507
Published: September 18, 2005
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Osteocytes embedded in bone matrix are recognized as the mechanosensor cells that play important roles in the regulatory mechanism of adaptive bone remodeling. They are connected each other via cell processes in the canaliculi, and are believed to sense the mechanical stimulus due to the interstitial fluid flow in the lacuno-canalicular system. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the structure of lacuno-canalicular system and the mechanical condition at the cellular level. Three-dimensional structure of the lacuno-canalicular system in trabeculae was fluorescently visualized using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Relationship between the canalicular orientation determined by the fabric ellipse fitting and the normal vector field derived from the distance from the trabecular surface were discussed. As a result, it was demonstrated that the canalicular orientation was approximately coincided with the direction of normal vector field that corresponded to the vertical direction to the trabecular surface.
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Takeshi Yamada, Shu Takagi, Yoichiro Matsumoto
Article type: Article
Session ID: 508
Published: September 18, 2005
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A liposome is an artificial capsule which is composed of lipid bilayer structure. In the present study, The dynamics of the liposome in a simple shear flow is investigated. We present a liposome model which takes into account the fluidity of membrane. We adopt Immersed-Boundary method to couple the dynamics of the liposome with Stokes flow. Firstly, we calculate the deflated liposome as an equilibrium shape, and obtain a long stick-like liposome. Next we investigate the dynamics of the liposome in the simple shear flow. Our numerical scheme reproduces a tank-treading motion of the liposome in the steady state. By the comparison of our results with that of Beaucourt et al. in 2D and with that of Kraus et al. in 3D, we find that the difference in the treatment of the surface area constraint, whether local or total, does not affect the shape of the liposome in the tank-treading motion.
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Yoshitaka KITAGAWA, Shigeo WADA, Ken-ichi TSUBOTA, Takami YAMAGUCHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 509
Published: September 18, 2005
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Deformability of red blood cells (RBC) plays an important role in determining the fluid mechanical properties of the blood. Important phenomena of blood flows in microcirculation depend on the combination of vessel geometry, RBC deformability and the collective behavior of RBC. Recently, we developed a computational model to analyze the dynamic behavior of RBCs in the blood flow using a spring network model based on the minimum energy principle. We also developed a large scale simulation method by using parallel computing technique. In the present study, a two dimensional simulation of multiple RBCs movement in a straight channel was conducted by using a massive parallel computer system and it was shown that the proposed model has a potential to represent the realistic behavior of multiple RBCs flowing in a microvascular vessel.
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Hiroki KAMADA, Ken-ichi TSUBOTA, Shigeo WADA, Takami YAMAGUCHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 510
Published: September 18, 2005
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A two-dimensional particle method simulation of blood flow was carried out to investigate effects of stenosis on primary thrombogenesis due to platelet aggregation. In the employed particle method, the blood region was discritized by moving particles that have the characteristics of plasma and platelets. Two geometrically different models were constructed for straight and stenosed vessels. As a result, it was shown that platelets adhered to cover the whole area of the injured wall in the straight model. In the case of the stenosed model, platelets adhered on the downstream side of the injured wall and not on that of the upstream side. This was caused by the disturbance of the blood flow due to the geometrical nonuniformity of stenosis, leading to local growth of the thrombus. These results suggest that thrombogensis is influenced by the blood flow pattern depending on the vessel geometry.
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Kentaro NARUMI, Satoyuki KAWANO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 511
Published: September 18, 2005
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In recent years, the drastic improvement is required for the microfabrication technology of the novel semiconductor devices based on bionanotechnology. In the present research, we use the 50 base pairs poly (dA)・poly (dT) DNA as the electroconductive materials, and aim to obtain the basic design data of the nano-wiring technology. The effects of the DNA solution concentration and of a chemical surface treatment on the configuration of the self-organized network of DNA adhered on (100) SiO_2 substrate are experimentally investigated by the atomic force microscopy. Furthermore, we develop the simple DNA-substrate interaction model for ab initio calculation, and estimate quantitatively the local adhesion characteristics on the SiO_2 of DNA.
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Satoyuki KAWANO, Hiroto TAKAHASHI, Gen SAZAKI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 512
Published: September 18, 2005
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Proteins play various roles in a living body. If those highly functional substances can be used as materials, they could be industrially applicable to various uses. For that purpose, it is necessary to elucidate interactions between proteins and inorganic matters, but there are many still unknown points. In this study, in order to understand the interactions, we have done real-time single molecule visualization of fluorescence labeled protein (rhodamin labeled lysozyme) on inorganic substrates by using the fluorescence microscope and succeeded in these observations, for the first step. These results are compared and examined with those of molecular dynamics simulations, and we aim at establishment of computer simulation technology in this field.
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Yasuhiro Inoue, Shu Takagi, Yoichiro Matsumoto
Article type: Article
Session ID: 513
Published: September 18, 2005
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We develop a Stochastic Rotation Dynamics (SRD) model of amphiphilic molecules to study its spontaneous aggregation into micelles, vesicles and lamellar. In our talk, 1) we introduce a color method to take into account molecular interactions in SRD scale; 2) we discuss how we should determine parameters of SRD from two points of views. One is scales of time and space, and the other is the molecular potential energy; 3) we show a simulation result of self-assembling forms of amphiphilic molecules. Concluding remarks are given in the last. Our simulation results are roughly agreed with other mesoscopic simulations in a qualitative sense.
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Taisuke SUGII, Shu TAKAGI, Yoichiro MATSUMOTO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 514
Published: September 18, 2005
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We present a meso-scale simulation of lipid bilayers by the Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) method. We investigate the undulation spectrum of the lipid bilayers. In order to understand the effect of the resolution which captures the fluctuation of the interface and the size of the membrane area, we calculate several cases with different resolutions and with different size of the simulation cell. The results we obtained are summarized as follows; 1) The spectral distribution is proportional to q^<-4> (q is the wave number) for low q values. This implies that the continuum picture is valid for low q values. 2) The resolution of the interface affects the spectral intensity for high q values, although does not affect for low q values. 3) The spectral intensity does not altered significantly by the size of simulation cell in our simulation conditions.
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Yukihiro Nishimura, Haruo SAKAMOTO, Toshifumi Asai
Article type: Article
Session ID: 601
Published: September 18, 2005
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The purpose of this research is to lead the design guidance to obtain the best internal structure in a small-sized wind power generator that can rotate at a low wind velocity. Some experiments have been conducted in the past, and it was found that the analytical results coincide with the experimental ones In the present report, two analysis were conducted One is to confirm which material in the core is suitable. The other is to understand how the number of coil and magnet effect on the efficiency of the generator. The objective generation of designed generator was set as 5 kilowatt.
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Jing Han, Sadao Nishiyama, Ryouiti Itoh, Takuro Shinguryo, Koetsu Yama ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 602
Published: September 18, 2005
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Compression experiments on the fingertip pulp under the pin load and tab load have been done to observe force responses and feelings in the fingertip. It is found that a typical load-displacement curve has two kink points A and B. Before the load arriving at Point A, we have a touching feeling, and after Point A but before Point B, we experience a pressing feeling. After Point B, we gradually feel a pain in the fingertip. Moreover, the finite element analyses have been performed to simulate the process of the fingertip being pressed vertically by tabs with round rings and flat rings. It is confirmed that simulation solutions agree with the experimental observations.
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Shinji Nishiwaki, Emilio Carlos Nelli Silva, Kazuhiro Izui, Masataka Y ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 603
Published: September 18, 2005
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Piezoresistive materials are those whose electrical resistivity changes in response to changes in their mechanical strain. Piezoresistive transducers, which usually consist of a piezoresistive device and a flexible structure, are widely used in the form of various sensors such as pressure sensors and accelerometers. This paper proposes a new topology optimization method for the design of the piezoresistive transducers. First, the design specifications are clarified and the objective functions satisfying the required specifications are formulated. A multi-objective function is also formulated for use in finding an optimal structure that incorporates all the design specifications. Finally, several examples are presented in order to confirm the usefulness of the proposed method for the design of piezoresistive transducers.
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Eiji KATAMINE, Masahiro HIRAI, Hideyuki AZEGAMI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 604
Published: September 18, 2005
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This paper presents a numerical analysis method for solving the shape identification problems of thermoelastic fields. The square error integral between the actual thermal deformation distributions and the prescribed thermal deformation distributions on the prescribed sub-boundaries is used as the objective functional. The shape gradient of the shape identification problems was derived theoretically using the adjoint variable method, the Lagrange multiplier method and the formulae of the material derivative. Reshaping was accomplished using a traction method that was proposed as a solution to the domain optimization problems. A new numerical procedure for the shape identification was proposed. The validity of the proposed method was confirmed by the results of 3D numerical analysis.
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Tadayoshi MATSUMORI, Koetsu YAMAZAKI, Yoshio MATSUI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 605
Published: September 18, 2005
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In this paper, a design procedure to decide a cooling pipe system in plastic injection moldings is presented. When plastic products are molded, residual stresses that cause warps and cracks in some years after molding are generated by a nonuniformity of temperature cooling rate in the die. The shape and layout design of cooling pipe system is the most effective factor for the improvement of distributions of coolant flow and temperature in the die. In this study, the distributions are analyzed by the Finite Element Method (FEM). Then, to reduce the residual stresses, an optimum cooling pipe system to give a uniform temperature distribution in the die is proposed. It is found how effective the cooling pipe system is given in the optimum design.
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Kenji ONO, Tsuyoshi TAMAKI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 606
Published: September 18, 2005
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This paper describes concept and implementation of a novel simulation framework for various physical simulations. The framework, which is called SPHERE, is a kind of application framework to realize the unified software structure. SPHERE allows us to write program more efficient and to use the application easy. Besides, the framework is working on several major platforms with standard libraries. Thus, this system will provide a productive environment for physical simulation code developpers.
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Ryo KANAI, Juhachi ODA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 607
Published: September 18, 2005
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Immune Algorithm is the method based on immune response, keeping diversity. But, original immune response is overly complicated. There is something to imitate the system. Then IA is put on the review by seeing about original immune response. In this paper, it's primarily intended to the improved IA in the light of convergence. This method is similar to genetic algorithm. In other hands, the parameters are more complicated and the number is more than the genetic algorithm. This method is applied to maximum value searching problem, and the validity is checked.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
Session ID: 608
Published: September 18, 2005
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Hiroyuki KAWAGISHI, Kazuhiko KUDO, Hisashi MATSUDA, Fumio OOTOMO, Asak ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 609
Published: September 18, 2005
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A new optimization method aimed at searching a global optimum solution and decreasing the number of iterations was developed. The feature of the new method is creating an orthogonal array and changing the level value of design factors every search step. The performance of the method was observed on the optimization problem of multi-peaked functions in which the global solution was known in advance. The newly developed method is found to be very effective for searching the global optimum solution of the multi-peaked problem.
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Akira Todoroki, Masato Sekishiro
Article type: Article
Session ID: 610
Published: September 18, 2005
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Stiffened composite panels are often adopted for structural components of aircraft to avoid the buckling. For the design of stiffened composite panels, optimizations of both stacking sequences and cross-sectional geometry of panels are indispensable. In this paper, an efficient optimal design system of composite structures is proposed. We adopt Kriging method as approximation technique, and integrate it with a low-cost stacking sequence optimization method, the fractal branch and bound (FBB) method. The proposed method is applied to a minimum weight design of a hat-stiffened composite panel subject to a buckling constraint, and its high validity is confirmed.
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Hiroshi FURUYA, Yuji ODAKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 612
Published: September 18, 2005
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The robust structural optimization Design of a plate wing is investigated considering the bifurcation in higher mode flutter, which affects the robustness of an optimum design and the convergence of an optimization. To improve the critical dynamic pressure of supersonic flutter under the constant total mass, the thickness distribution of a delta wing is considered as design variables. The constraints are proposed of keeping eigenvalues between adjacent modes apart by the specified distance which is composed of the sensitivity of the distance of eigenvalues. The numerical results show the improvement of robustness of the optimum design.
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Kazuhisa CHIBA, Shigeru OBAYASHI, Kazuhiro NAKAHASHI, Hiroyuki MORINO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 613
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A large-scale, real-world application of Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization is reported. The Multidisciplinary Design Optimization among aerodynamics, structures, and aeroelasticity of the transonic regional-jet wing was performed using high-fidelity evaluation models. Euler and Navier-Stokes solvers were employed for aerodynamic evaluation. The commercial software NASTRAN was coupled with a Computational Fluid Dynamics solver for the structural and aeroelastic evaluations. Adaptive Range Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm was employed as an optimizer. The objective functions were minimizations of block fuel and maximum takeoff weight in addition to drag divergence between transonic and subsonic flight conditions. As a result, nine non-dominated solutions were generated and tradeoff information among three objectives was revealed.
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Daisuke FURIKADO, Toshihiko YASUDA, Katsuyuki TANAKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1110
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A power assist mechanism for one hand drive wheelchair developed in our research group is improved. A improved point of manipulation mechanism is described. The reverse prevention on the slope, which is new assist function has been realized by using improved manipulation mechanism and a power assist mechanism, which can independently control right and left wheels. The effectiveness of the reverse prevention function is verified through experiments using a prototype.
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Goro OBINATA, Natsuka TAKEDA, Hiroki MIURA, Takehiro IWAMI, Kazunori H ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1111
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We have developed an instrumental system for evaluating wheelchair propulsion. The system consists of an 6-axis force sensor, a flexible joint angle sensor, a rotary encoder, and a data logger, which is built in a wheelchair of module type. We can evaluate wheelchair propulsions in actual situations based on the generated joint torques and the mechanical works to get unit travel distance, which are calculated from the measurements of the developed instrumental system. The evaluation result will be used for fitting a particular user to his own wheelchair. In this paper, the details of the instrumental system have been explained.
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Nobuharu MIMURA, Hironori YAMADA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1112
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We are facing the super-aging society in recent Japan. The concern for the welfare equipment has been rising along with it. Especially, the electric wheelchair has been researched. The sense of incompatibility with early reaction to the input and rapid acceleration remained when the electric wheelchair that has appeared on the market is actually used. To solve that, special skills at the operation is needed. However, it is thought that it is very difficult for the senior citizen and handicapped persons to operate it Like this. To solve this problem, we developed the operating control system that used the H8 microcomputer and examined the input interface.
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Tasuku MIYOSHI, Shin-ichiro YAMAMOTO, Hiroshi OKAMURA, Masao ISHIHAMA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1113
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The purpose of this paper was to determine the control parameter of the wheeled walking assist device. Three healthy young males participated in our primitive experiments. Subjects were asked to walk with or without two walking assist devices in their self-determined pace. Although each walking devices were kept same speed throughout gait cycle, subjects' velocity showed bi-phasic pattern. The velocities of the walking assist device were higher than the subjects at both the mid stance and swing phase. From these results, we concluded that though both the distance between subjects and the walking assist devices and the force vector in the handle were suitable for control parameter, the direction of the force vector was the most relevant.
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Shunsuke OKAMOTO, Yosuke NASU, Hiroshi OKAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1114
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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It is obvious that the handle part which is the interface part between the walking assist devices and its users. In our study, we propose the basic architecture of the handle part using Universal Design methods. To investigate the effect of the handle to human locomotion using walking assist devices, both the 3-D gait motion and electromyographic activity (rectus femoris muscle) were measured. Also we used the visual-analog-scales (questionnaire survey) to evaluate the handle feelings. We concluded that the handle part of the walking assist devices required both the gripper and the armchair part. In this paper, we report the coupled handle as a basic architecture for the walking assist device.
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Katsushi SATO, Yukio KAWAKAMI, Hiroshi OKAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1115
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We are developing a new walking support machine for old people and handicapped people, because they expect to move easily by themselves. The machine is equipped with two ER devices which compose a elctrorheological fluid clutch (ER clutch) and a motor, and able to work with smooth power assistance or safety breaking. In this paper, we refer a developing concept in the new walking support system, and explain a mechanism and design of the ER devices. In addition, we also report some experimental results, because we have examined on characteristics of the ER devices.
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Kyoko SHIBATA, Yoshio INOUE, Yohei YAMASAKI, Takuya MATSUDA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1116
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In walking rehabilitation, the muscular activity is important information. And, it is very useful for the gait analysis to know it easily. Our research proposed the method to measure perpendicular direction of floor reaction force and to presume foot joint moment with six pressure sensors this before. However, to know the state of the entire lower limbs, the measurement of three-dimension floor reaction force elements is required. Then, in this research, the new device that was able cheapness, convention and continuous to be measured proposed. Here, three forces are derived by the identification experiment. Moreover, the effectiveness of this was examined by conducting the free walking experiment.
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Kazuto MIYAWAKI, Takehiro IWAMI, [in Japanese], Goro OBINATA, Yoich Sh ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1117
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In the progress of elderly society, the gait is important in order to live the independent life. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate gait analysis simply. Our final goal is to propose the wearable gait analysis. In this paper, we have estimated floor reaction force vector using thin sensor. The floor reaction force vector during a walk is the direction of the body center of gravity. Moreover, the gap with the floor reaction force vector and the body center of gravity generates a rotation moment. We used this specific. Our evaluation method will be useful for developing practical assisting equipments.
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Daiji YOSHIKI, Yoshiaki MATSUMOTO, Zhongwei JIANG
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1118
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In recent announcement, the number of households with elderly people becomes 16.4 million, and occupies 1/3 of the numbers of all households. Moreover, increease rates of the number of households of elderly pepole living alone are remarkable in five yeras with 38.8%. Therefore, the system which can monitor the living status of them is desired. From such background, we propose the system which can monitor the living status of elderly people living alone from the use situation of plural home electric appliances. This system can detect a use situation of them, without remodeling the existing home appliances. The result of the field experiment, it was possible to monitor the living status accurately from the use situation of plural home electric appliances.
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Nobuaki MORI, Yoshiaki MATSUMOTO, Daiji YOSHIKI, Zhongwei JIANG
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1119
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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It was reported that the ratio of fire death toll at senior citizen of Yamaguchi Pref. was higher than the national avarage in Japan (2004). Therefore, the fire prevention system which alerts the sign of fire has been desired. This paper proposes the two dimensional monitoring system of heat source under the complex environment (such as a gus stove in the daily life) for fire prevention. This system is characterized by the optical flow (apparent velocity) using a spatiotemporal local optimization method.
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Yosuke KANEKO, Yoshiaki MATSUMOTO, Daiji YOSHIKI, Nobuaki MORI, Fusano ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1120
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Every year, more than 50,000 fires break out in Japan. Most of deceased person by fire are elderly people over 65 year old. Thus, the fire risk detection system has been needed to protect for their lives. This paper proposes the system that evaluates a degree of fire risk by watching the usage of stoves, cooking-heaters, electric appliances or monitoring atmosphere in a living-room directly and so on. As a first step of this study, we carried out laboratory experiments to monitor indoor atmosphere such as CO, H_2, and Smell using gas sensors. After the feature data is extracted from sensor output signal by the method which we proposed, the Mahalanobis' distance is evaluated for distinguishing either safety or dangerous situation.
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Keiji IMADO, Hidetaka IKEUCHI, Atuyoshi MIURA, Tomoko ITHO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1121
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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No clinical device simply yet effectively reduces loads placed on the lower back. We report on a prototype device developed for practical use that reduces the load on the low back. This paper discusses the theoretical analysis based on a mechanical model, motion analysis by measuring joint angle variations in typical nursing movements and the evaluation of the exertion encountered in nursing from EMG signals of the erector spinae when loads are applied. In addition, the device was tested to evaluate the device's potential restrictions to daily activities, i.e. walking and sitting on chair. The results showed that the device does not constrain body movement and that the required exertion of subjects to support a large load is substantially reduced by use of the device, especially in the deep fore-leaning posture as targeted.
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Yosiho INOUE, Keisuke Matsumura, Kyoko SHIBATA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1122
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Many hemiplegias use Ankle-foot orthosis to prevent falling when they walk. In order to support natural walking of hemiplegias, we develop a new ankle foot orthosis oy using self-powered semi-active damper. A DC motor and step-up chopper circuit is used to regenerate energy. Theoretical analysis for electrical circuit and energy generation and gait experiment using this ankle foot orthosis are carried out. From the experimental results, it can be seen that this system can generate 80 percent of the consumed electric power.
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Keiko YONEYAMA, Motomu NAKASHIMA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1123
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Swimming is a suitable sport for physically disabled, since the gravity is canceled by buoyancy in water and the whole body can be trained through it. However, physical disability may worsen swimming form and body balance. In this paper, the effect of amputation of the upper limb on the front crawl swimming was first analyzed by simulation, since the front crawl swimming is the most common swimming stroke and its thrust is mainly generated by the upper limb motion. Next, a swimming orthosis which compensates the effect of amputation was designed by an optimization method. Finally, the swimming orthosis was produced based on the result of optimization and its validity was confirmed by subjective experiment.
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Toshihiko YASUDA, Takuma HAYASHI, Yasuaki KITAGAWA, Kimiwa ITAMI, Kats ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1124
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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It is often necessary to transfer into and out of a wheelchair, when the user of the wheelchair move to the bet and use the rest room. There exist some transfer aids, such as lifts and transfer aid equipments, however, the purpose of these equipments is to reduce the load of nurses and caregivers. In this paper, we propose a self-transfer assist robot that the handicapped don't need helpers and the handicapped can transfer by himself. The possibility of proposed robot is evaluated by using the visual analog scale method.
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Yukio MAGARIYAMA, Shuichi NAKAMURA, Yoshikazu ADACHI, Tomonobu GOTO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1145
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The motility of spirochete improves in viscous environments. Such phenomena cannot be observed in the macroscopic world. One of the authors has proposed a hypothesis that predicts increase of the motion efficiency with the viscosity because the polymer molecules form a quasi-rigid network. To examine the hypothesis experimentally, we simultaneously measured the swimming speeds and rotation rates of a spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli in polymer solutions by two-directional-illuminated dark-field microscopy (2DDM), which is an originally developed method to measure rotation rate of a helical body. This experimental result illustrated increase of the motion efficiency with viscosity. Therefore, we concluded that the improvement of spirochete motility in viscous environments at least partly relates with increase of the motion efficiency caused by a quasi-rigid network of polymer molecules.
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Tomonobu GOTO, Kensaku BABA, Masaharu NISHIMURA, Yukio MAGARIYAMA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1146
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Residence times of singly flagellated bacteria, Vibrio alginolyticus, swimming in various conditions were measured and their frequency distributions were compared each other in order to examine their dependencies on swimming directions and the distance from a boundary. A mutant being able to swim only forward, YM42, and another mutant that could swim only backward, NMB102, were used. Each of the suspensions of them was sealed in a chamber, which was about 150μm in depth. Because the practical focal depth of the microscope was limited to 10μm, we could measure the residence time for a bacterium stayed only within the layer. In forward motion, the distributions are similar irrespective of the distance from a boundary. In backward motion, especially near the boundary, the residence time of a bacterium swimming straight tends to be shorter than that of a bacterium swimming along a curve. These results are consistent with a deduction from diagrammatic representations based on the numerical simulation which had been carried out to explain the wall effect on the bacterial motion close to a boundary.
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T. ISHIKAWA, T. J. Pedley
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1147
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In this research, a micro-organism is modeled as a squirming sphere with prescribed tangential surface velocity. The effects of inertia and Brownian motion are neglected. The movement of 64 identical bottom-heavy squirmers in a semi-dilute suspension is computed by the Stokesian-dynamics method. It is found that the spreading of squirmers is correctly described as a diffusive process after a sufficiently long time, even though all the movements of the squirmers were deterministically calculated.
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Muneki MAEDA, Hironobu UCHIYAMA, Junich KURATA, [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1148
Published: September 18, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In this study, we measure in detail the peristaltic locomotion pattern of the earthworm and expansion and contraction behavior of the arthromere. The location, cycle time, expansion and contraction time, and motionlessness time of the propagating wave on the earthworm are measured. It is found that the earthworm the same movement is not done by all parts, and the expansion and contraction speed is different according to the part. In addition about 3:1 compared with the length of the expansion and contraction part and the geostationary part of the earthworm. The location, cycle time, Spread time between of the propagating wave on the arthromere are measured. It is found, the delay system according to the analysis of the expansion and contraction operation of the arthromere. Movement mechanism model by peristalsis movement of an earthworm what evidence by inspection based on fundamental characteristic.
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