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Published: August 02, 2008
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Article type: Appendix
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Article type: Index
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A1-A5
Published: August 02, 2008
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Masako IMAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3101
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Currently, the primary oils used as industrial lubricating agents are mineral oil and chemical synthetic oils. But, because these oils are contributed to global warning and serious environmental pollution, the edible oil draw attention as alternatives of these oils. Formerly-performed research found that canola, sesame, and econa oils had an equivalent effect to the mineral oil tested. In this research, these edible oils after oxidation degradation are examined for total acid number, viscosity, friction and wear-out characteristics. This research found that the friction performance of the edible oils used this tests had better than mineral oil after oxidation degradation. Furthermore, these edible oils added vitamin E or vitamin C as antioxidizing agent are examined. As a result, vitamin C functioned and vitamin E did not function as antioxidizing agent on this experimental condition.
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Keisuke USAMI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3102
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In the medical field, plastic syringes are used with silicone oil for the sliding area between a barrel and a gasket, where the barrels are typically plastics such as PP (Polypropylene) and the gaskets are made of either vulcanized rubber or TPE (Thermoplastic elastomer). However, silicone oil is considered to have some demerits; accumulation in the body and adsorption of medicine's constituent. Therefore, the development of unlubricated plastic syringes is desired. In this study, in order to decrease the friction between barrels and gaskets under unlubricated condition, we treated PP and TPE for medical use by a surface fluorination with PFPE (Perfluoropolyether) and excimer lamp. The effect of the treatment was estimated by making friction test, analyzing FTIR spectrum and measuring surface free energy. As a result of experiment, it was confirmed that the friction coefficient between fluorinated TPE and non-treated PP is decreased by 50%.
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Akira TAKIMOTO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3103
Published: August 02, 2008
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The rheological properties of a solidified traction oil used in continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) under pressure were evaluated by observing large plastic deformation of metal microspheres (φ about 0.07 mm), occurring due to non-hydrostatic pressurization in the oil using a diamond-anvil pressure cell. The solidification pressure values obtained by observing aluminum sphere deformation were almost equal to those extrapolated from high-pressure viscosity; thus, aluminum sphere deformation experiments are effective for evaluating solidification pressure. Shear stresses of the solidified oils could be estimated up to 5 GPa from the deformed phosphor bronze spheres based on several assumptions. The obtained stresses were larger than those for Cu spheres and were almost equal to the mean shear stress obtained from a traction test.
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Yuki MIYAHIRA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3104
Published: August 02, 2008
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There is a problem of the fish adhering to the metal grids of grill strongly during the grilling the fish. As a usual, the maximum adhesion force to peel off a fish from the metal grids is the parameter to evaluate the surface of grids in the adhesion properties. However, such maximum adhesion force is not basic data with physical meaning because it depends on the sequence of the peeling the fish and the individuality of the fish used in the test. We should correct the basic date with physical meaning of adhesion of fish during grilling for the evaluation of the surface of the grids. Therefore a new evaluation method of adhesion of fish against metal grids is proposed.
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Kazutoshi NAKAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3105
Published: August 02, 2008
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Micro cutting technology is one of the important methods to fabricate micro-sized precision components. In the micro cutting process, distinctive effects which do not occur in the macro cutting process may appear because the magnitude of surface roughness of the micro cutting tool grows compared with the size of micro cutting depth. In this paper, investigation into the effect of the difference between tool surface finished by grinding and finished by EDM on friction is conducted by measuring cutting force. Experiment results with several lubricants indicate that, in the micro cutting process, surface roughness on a tool strongly influences friction characteristics between a tool and chip.
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Takuma IMOTO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3106
Published: August 02, 2008
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Oleyl acid phosphate (OLAP) is one of the additives improving tribological performance under very low velocity and low pressure condition. It is expected that a thick viscous layer is formed on friction surface. However, it is difficult to observe boundary layer formed from OLAP by surface analysis because it may be formed with liquid like substance. In this study, in-situ observation of the boundary layer is conducted. The pin-on-disk friction tester is placed on the microscopic FTIR. With this configuration, both the separation between two surface and the concentration of organic substance originated OLAP can be measured with interferential pattern and the ratio of absorption intensity of P-O to that of C-H, respectively. From friction test, it is considered that organic substance originated in OLAP coheres around the contact point and forms thick viscous boundary layer.
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Naoko FUJIKI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3107
Published: August 02, 2008
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A major factor that the small ball bearing becomes application limits is wearing. The wearing occurs because of slipping caused in the bearing at low load. This slipping is called 'orbital slip'. The purpose of this research is to experiment on and quantitatively clarify the orbital slip. As a result of the experiment, the generation of orbital slip was confirmed. Moreover, quantitative data of orbital slip that has not been researched up to now was obtained for the first time. The tendency to orbital slip guessed from this experiment is shown as follows. 1) Orbital slip is generated easily by the rotational speed high and the load low. 2) Standard product slips than high accuracy product when a proper load hangs to the bearing.
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Noriyuki AKIYOSHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3108
Published: August 02, 2008
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It is very effective for a designer that the gear profile can be grasped before the gear cutting. Therefore, we have designed and developed the gear generation simulation system. Using developed system, the designer input basic gear dimensions and optional rack shape, he can see the gear profile quickly. In addition, the designer can confirm the gear shape in 3D limited to the spur gear. In this research, the generation using semi-topping rack tool which performed sharpening a corner on the tip of the gear is added to the simulation system newly. In addition, the 3D picture of the helical gear can be simulated. The developed system is very useful that can be generated the gear from any shape of the rack.
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Rintaro EBUCHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3109
Published: August 02, 2008
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In a paper feeding system, a contact condition analysis between a rubber roller and a printing paper is needed for a stable feeding operation. Direct observation of the apparent contact area is necessary for better understanding of the contact condition. However a contact microscope technique takes a lot of time. Thus another new technique is expected for faster observation of real contact area. In this paper, it was confirmed that a newly developed laser microscope with wide field of view was able to observe real contact area between the rubber plate and the glass plate. Then a distribution of real contact area of the rubber roller against the glass plate was also observed by this technique. In addition the rubber roller slips were measured when the some torque was applied.
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Hatsuhisa UEDA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3110
Published: August 02, 2008
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Paper, optical film and metallic thin film are called web. In the manufacturing fields of web, web is supported and transported by a lot of rollers and guides. In such transported situation, the air flow into between web and roller or web and guide with web moving, and then web is lifted slightly by the air. This is the reason of slippage. 1b protect the slippage, a micro-grooved roller is used in manufacturing fields. However how protect the slippage utilizing a micro-grooved roller and what shape and dimension is the best are not known. This paper describes experimental results of slippage onset conditions between optical film and different three rollers, and compared with theoretical prediction.
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Takeshi IMAYOSHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3111
Published: August 02, 2008
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The present study describes the effect of lubricants on performance of molded plastic gears for power transmission. Some kinds of lubricants were investigated with endurance tests under high temperature. It could be confirmed that flank wear decrease and the effective for the decrease of temperature of test gear under high temperature and decrease of gear noise using lubricants. As a result, all lubricants tested made service life increased. Using different lubricants, it could be confirmed difference in service life. It is important to select the lubricant to get high performance of plastic gear.
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Toshiya NAGUMO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3112
Published: August 02, 2008
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The aim of this work is to investigate the characteristics of sidebands of gear mesh vibration. Because the sidebands of mesh harmonics occur owing to pitch error and gear eccentricity, they are synchronous with the rotation of the gear shaft. The dynamic relations between the sidebands and the gear errors are represented by the single-degree-of-freedom vibration model. Analytical result and experimental result show that the amplitude of the sideband rises to local maximum value when the mesh frequency equal to the natural frequency of the gear pair. This sideband characteristic is due to nonlinearity of the gear vibration, and different from that of the mesh harmonics.
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Ryosuke SAITO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3114
Published: August 02, 2008
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Carbide-derived carbon (CDC) is expected to replace carbon films made by plasma-assisted method. For, if CDC were used on surface of the tools, longevity of tools would be long. Because the adhesion between the CDC film and the substrate is strong. But in CDC process, Chlorine gas is used, and it is dangerous in the industrial fields. So we tried to make CDC by ion bombardment. We conducted ion bombardment on sintered SiC substrates, and analyzed the specimens by Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) and Raman Spectroscopy. As a result, it is clarified that carbon concentration on surface was increased by ion bombardment. And it is the peaks that indicates C-C bond's exist in bombarded specimens was observed. Therefore, we thought that possibility of making CDC with ion bombardment was indicated in this research.
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Norihiro KIMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3115
Published: August 02, 2008
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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the remarkable structural and mechanical properties. Kusunoki et al. reported that CNTs with high-density and well-alignment were formed vertically on silicon carbide (SiC). This CNT film on SiC substrate could be used for tribomaterial because CNTs have high bendability and Young's modulus. To get the design guide as tribomaterial, the presumption of real contact area was needed by adhesive theory of friction. As each CNT formed vertically on SiC, the film could not be ascribed to contact as the continuum model. It is important to derive a function that presumes real contact area when some objects contact and squeeze CNTs. Therefore, we proposed a new contact model that considers large deformation of CNT as many beams. Load-displacement curve of CNTs film was obtained during nano-indentation. After the comparing between the model and experimental results, it can be concluded that the model can explain the behavior of CNT film during nano-indentation.
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Akihiro OSAWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3116
Published: August 02, 2008
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The evaluation of undesirable failure of carbide tool material was conducted by use of heavily-loaded cross-pin-type friction test. If difficult-to-cut material which has highly work-hardening tendency is used as work material, instable wedge formation occurs depending only on the PV-value. In lower and higher PV regions, stable friction occurs and smooth migration layer from the work to the tool is formed. On the other hand, in middle PV region, instable friction occurs and detachment or peeling-off of work migration layer is observed. It is found that the tool material failure occurs if the normal load is large in the instable region. It is considered that the occurrence of the tool material failure depends on the magnitude of critical load of crack propagation taking account of surface roughness.
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Shingo Kawara
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3117
Published: August 02, 2008
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Radio knife has a problem that coagulated blood adheres on the tip of the knife during surgery. The problem causes the knife to lose it's coagulating and cutting performance. In order to overcome the problem, we evaluated the changes of current and voltage to the knife using electric surgery generator. In order to avoid the coagulating of blood, we made the tips of the knife micropatterned by electric discharging and compared their electric properties. As a result, current decreased and voltage increased sharply with coagulating of blood. It also revealed that micropatterned tips delayed the occurrence of increasing the electric resistance. To prevent the increase of the resistance, we added NaCl to the blood. As a result, the resistance of coagulated blood decreased to 1/10^7-1/10^8.
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Toshiharu Soneda
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3118
Published: August 02, 2008
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In order to clarify the mechanisms of human tactaile sensation, two types of experiments have been conduced. One of them brought out the relationships between the contact areas and contact loads on human fingers. By using the total reflection method, contact areas of human fingers were visualized. Apparent contact area and real contact area were calculated from acquired images. As a result, the load dependence of the real contact area becomes higher than that of the apparent contact area. The other experiment is the measurement of vibration detectabillity of human fingers. Subjects were provided a harmonic vibration stimulus, and the minimum amplitude of vibration stimulus that human feels was measured. It was clarified that the direction of vibration stimulus and contact load affect on the threshold amplitude of subjects perception.
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Takayuki NISHINO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3119
Published: August 02, 2008
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In order to simulate the transmission error accurately when a pair of helical gears has considerable variation in pressure angle error and helix angle error among all teeth, tooth surface error of each tooth has to be incorporated into the simulation as it is. It will take quite long time, however, to inspect tooth surface error of all teeth. Therefore, some simplification in inspection should be required from the economical standpoint. In this paper, pressure angle error and helix angle error of each tooth are estimated from those of the inspected teeth of number of Nm by Fourier analysis. And then, it is shown that the calculated transmission error is accurate enough for the practical use.
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Kenji GOTOUDA, Yusuke NAKURA, Kunihiko MORIKAWA, Kouji KUMAGAI, Masaha ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3120
Published: August 02, 2008
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In planetary gear set, a large alignment error is easy to occur with the condition of the support structure of each element (sun gear, carrier and internal gear), so the gear noise performance is sure to be greatly influenced by such alignment errors. In this paper, we investigated about the influence of the alignment error of each element on the transmission error (TE) characteristics experimentally, and confirmed that the side-band components of TE occurred around the mesh order component, they were modulated by the periodical change of the alignment error, and their levels were often larger than the mesh order component.
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Koji KUMAGAI, Kunihiko MORIKAWA, Yuusuke NAKURA, Kenji GOTOUDA, Masaha ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3121
Published: August 02, 2008
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The features of the support structures of the sun, carrier and internal gears that are the component of a planetary gearset result in large alignment error in the form of eccentricity or inclination. Such error causes the relative tooth surface shape to vary periodically at each pinion position. The side band phenomena modulated by the rotation of the rotating elements appears around the mesh order component of transmission error. In this paper, we have developed a new method of simulating the transmission error of planetary gearsets taking into account such periodical variation of the eccentricity and inclination amount of each element. The method makes it possible to evaluate the side band phenomena as well.
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Syuhei KUROKAWA, Atsushi BEKKI, Yoji MATSUKAWA, Toshiro DOI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3122
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Large waviness in transmission error curves mainly comes from gear radial eccentricity. On the other hand, axial eccentricity, whose parameter value is a half of axial runout, is also regarded as one of the other factors causing waviness components in transmission error. From geometrical consideration, it is expected that transmission error with axial eccentricity has two periodic waviness components in one rotation. However, measured transmission error with large axial eccentricity sometimes shows that it has only one periodic waviness component in one rotation at first sight. A simulation program has been developed to predict transmission error with radial and axial eccentricity simultaneously. By use of the simulation, the influence of axial eccentricity can be separated from total transmission error and peak-to-valley values of the axial component are evaluated with comparison to the radial component.
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Shigeki MATSUMURA, Shun-ichi OHSHIMA, Haruo HOUJOH
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3123
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We had already reported estimation method of gear mesh excitation with vibration measurement, results. In the method, at first, the shape of gear system's frequency response function (FRF) is estimated only with vibration measurement results. In this paper, we shows that trigger signal is important to obtain precise phase information of FRF experimentally, and propose how to decide trigger signal measurement method.
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Tsutomu NAKANISHI, Daniel Tilahun REDDA, Atsushi UEUCHI, Gang DENG
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3124
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In order to improve the surface durability of case-carburized gears, the influence of initial surface roughness on fatigue and wear of rolling-sliding contact surface was investigated. First, case-carburized test rollers having three kinds of surface textures were made and roller tests were carried out at various inlet oil temperatures and load conditions. Secondly, the surface fatigue and surface roughness of test rollers were measured with the use of a stereoscopic microscope and a roughness measuring instrument. After the roller tests were carried out, the following results are obtained in the test rollers with initial smooth surface: It is possible to decrease the surface temperature and generating noise during running, the number of pits and the amount of wear. Therefore, in the case-carburized gears under the high load condition, the influence of initial surface roughness on surface fatigue and wear is significantly high.
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Takao KOIDE, Ichiro ISHIZUKA, Teruie TAKEMASU, Kouitsu MIYACHIKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3125
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper describes a study on the load bearing capacity of newly developed high density sintered metal gears. The surface properties of high density sintered metal gears were examined by measuring hardness and porosity near tooth surfaces. Running tests for case-carburized test gears of a high density sintered metal were performed. A failure mode and load bearing capacity of high density sintered metal gears were determined, and were compared with those of carburized wrought steel gears and conventional sintered metal gears.
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Hideaki KATANUMA, Kouitsu MIYACHIKA, Youichi TAKEMURA, Takao KOIDE, Sa ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3126
Published: August 02, 2008
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This paper presents a study on hardened layer and bending fatigue strength of induction-hardened and case-carburized gears. The measurement of hardened layer and the bending fatigue test were carried out for induction hardened gears made of as-rolled and thermally refined S35C and S45C steels, and case-carburized SNC815 steel gears, and then profiles of hardened layer, surface hardness and S-N curves were obtained. Effects of the pre-treatment, and hardening condition on profile and micro-structure of hardened layer of induction-hardened and case-carburized gears were examined. The relationships between surface hardness, hardened depth and bending fatigue strength were determined. On the basis of results obtained, maps to determine an induction-hardening condition suitable for the bending fatigue strength of induction-hardened gears were proposed, and the bending fatigue strengths of induction-hardening gears were compared with those of case-carburized gears.
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Yosuke ASAMI, Hirofumi SENTOKU
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3127
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Strength of tooth root in flexible spline (FS) in Strain Wave Gearing (SWG) becomes a problem so that FS has a very thin rim. Because SWG repeat elastic deformation, tooth root in FS is often damaged. Therefore, we want to know the tooth root stress in FS calculated by the finite element method, but contact between each element in SWG is overly complicated. For this reason, this paper describes contact analysis and comparison between calculated and experimental values. Analytical model was made in several stages so that two-dimensional model becomes similar real model. As a result, the calculated values approximate to the experimental values, so this analysis method shows valid.
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Yuji MIHARA, Hidekazu MOTOKI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3128
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In order to measure the contact pressure between two rollers, we developed a thin-film pressure sensor. The sensor which has 4.2 μm in total thickness was deposited onto a roller surface directly by sputtering. The measurement value of the contact pressure compared with the calculation result by Hertzian contact pressure and EHL .As the result, experimental value approximately corresponded to the Hertzian pressure, the difference in the maximum of contact pressure became about 5% by the load from 1kN to 3kN. This sensor could also measure the pressure spike. By comparison of the measurement and EHL results, the tendency of the pressure showed good correspondence.
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Ichiro MORIWAKI, Tatsuya HASHIMOTO, Natsuki Hirata, Morimasa Nakamura
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3129
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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FEM software specializing in analysis of cylindrical gear pair has been developed with a unconventional concept, tooth flank film element. It is applied to give easily boundary conditions between contacting tooth flanks. The present paper describes the usefulness of the developed software; i.e., validity of the tooth flank film element. The calculated contact stress between tooth flanks was compared with the measured one using pressure measurement film in various cases. In the gear pair with non-misalignment, it has been measured and confirmed usefulness of the software in the previous study. Moreover, in the gear pair with certain misalignment, the measured stress was also compared with calculated one.
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Mitsuoki Konnai, Yasuo Kogo, Shouji Noguchi
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3130
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A simplified Pin/Bush wear tester was newly designed and manufactured. The tester was successfully demonstrated its applicability. Wear resistance tests were carried out by the wear tester on pins with various surface roughnesses. Effect of DLC coating on the pin was also examined. During wear tests, temperature of the bush was monitored. It was suggested that the bush temperature was different depending on the surface roughness. When the roughness is large, temperature was raised more steeply, and resulted in higher plateau temperatures. DLC films coated on the pin were broken by the wear tests, but the pins with DLC film showed lower temperature increase than those without DLC film. Through surface observations, clear correlations between change in wear track morphologies and the temperature change, which indicates the importance of temperature monitoring during wear tests
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Kazuteru NAGAMURA, Kiyotaka IKEJO, Eiichirou TANAKA, Masanori TAGUCHI, ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3131
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In the previous studies, we developed two non-involute gears which have an involute-cycloid composite tooth profile and a modified cycloid tooth profile. We proved that these gears have greater bending strength and surface durability than the involute gear. However, wear resistance on these gears is not clarified yet. Then, we carried out the wear test for these non-involute gears using a power circulating-type gear testing machine. The tooth root stress, the tooth profile error, the surface roughness of tooth flank, and the vibration acceleration were measured. Furthermore, we calculated the wear of these non-involute gears.
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Yukihito Narita, Yoshitaka TAMOTO, Takashi MORI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3132
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The purpose is developing the simulation of efficiency of helical gears based on the frictional loss generated by the meshing. The frictional loss was calculated by applying the calculation of the traction coefficient of the traction drives. The calculation of the efficiency was carried out in case of using automatic oil and traction oil. The trend of calculation that the efficiency in case of automatic oil is higher shows agreement with the experimental result. And the calculated efficiencies were in agreement with the experimental results.
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Susumu MATSUMOTO, Yoshiaki KIDO, Koji NISHIWAKI, Takeshi YOSHIMI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3133
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The phenomenon that running-in pattern on surface coincide with EHL oil film thickness distribution under mixed lubricating condition using a sliding contact testing machine. The phenomenal basis of evaluation method of running-in and wear of gear tooth surface based on EHL oil film thickness has been found.
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Mikio TAKAHASHI, Hideo TAKAHASHI, Takao KOIDE
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3134
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The molding plastic gear is often used for the power transmission in OA equipment and car components, etc. Strength of the tooth for the breakage becomes a problem when it is used for the power transmission, and a plastic has a mechanical property of temperature dependency. Therefore, the establishment of the strength formula for plastic gears considering the change of plastic physical property with tooth surface temperature rise is desired. In this study, from the experimental results, we examined the following life prediction methods: (1) method on the basis of the temperature of meshing teeth: (2) method on the basis of the atmospheric temperature and load condition.
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Ichiro MORIWAKI, Yuichi HISHINUMA, Ryutaro SHINOHARA, Morimasa NAKAMUR ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3135
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The present paper describes effect of gear materials and structures on endurance of plastic gears. Endurance tests were performed using mono or composite structure, flanged or non-flanged, and fiber reinforced or non-reinforced gears under large applied torque and high rotation speed. As a result, gears with composite structure gears showed longer service life than ones with mono structure. From the observation of tooth flank, it was confirmed that the tooth flank of flanged gear melted harder than that of non-flanged gear. The service life of flanged and fiber reinforced gears was longer than that of non-flanged and non-fiber reinforced gears under small applied torque up to 15 Nm. At the same time, the service life of non-flanged and non-fiber reinforced gears was longer than flanged and fiber reinforced gears under large applied torque over 15 Nm.
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Fumi TAKEOKA, Masaharu KOMORI, Kazuhiko OKAMOTO, Aizoh KUBO, Toshiyuki ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3136
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Tooth flank form deviation of micrometers influences vibration and noise characteristics of gears. Its precise measurement is, therefore, crucial in quality control. However, it is difficult to manufacture an involute helicoid accurately; therefore, the conventional calibration of the involute artifact cannot achieve a sufficient accuracy. In this report, we propose inspection and calibration method of gear checker using wedge artifact, which accommodates highly precise plane surface. The theoretical measured result of wedge artifact is calculated and wedge artifact is designed and produced.
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Makoto SAITO, Kohei SAIKI, Daisaku TSURUZAWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3137
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Conical involute gears can be used not only for the backlash-control between parallel axes gears, but also for the power-transmission between intersecting or skew axes gears. They are especially effective for small shaft angles. Recently the design and production system of conical gears has been developed, but the tooth flank shape for conical gear is not studied in detail. This paper first uses a calculation method of the involute helicoid of conical gears to show their theoretical 3D tooth flank shape. Secondly, the original 3D coordinate data of real tooth flanks are obtained on a coordinate-measuring machine and the difference between the real and theoretical tooth flanks are examined in the whole measured area. Lastly, real tooth contact analysis is performed and the results agreed well with those of the no loaded tooth bearing test.
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Hiroshi GUNBARA, Kouichi NIINOBE
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3138
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The gear honing is well used recently as a hard-gear-finishing method. Generally, the honing process can be applied between the external work gear and the grinding wheel shaped in internal gear. And, the meshing of the grinding wheel and the work gear is skew gear meshing. The characteristic tool mark appears on the honed work gear tooth surface. So, by the selection of the dimension of the grinding wheel, the part of the tool mark may appear rectilinear in the work gear tooth trace direction. In this paper, the method for analytically obtaining the tool mark is described. Then, by relating to the position of the instantenious axis, appearance reason of the above-mentioned uniqe tool mark is described.
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Hideo SUZUKI, Yuta YAMAZAKI, Tatsuya OHMACHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3139
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Power steering systems for automobiles are classified into the rack assist type and the pinion assist type. The latter has the problem of mechanical abrasion because it is directly imposed the load of steering wheel. The sliding is ascribed as the cause of abrasion. The dimensions of the low specific sliding rack are suggested with the aim of improving the bearing strength in this research. The rack & pinion for power steering system engages at non-right, and sliding produces the mesh of gear and the rack lead line direction by restraining the movements of the rack. These sliding are composed and calculated for specific sliding. The dimensions of the low specific sliding rack & pinion are obtained.
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Yasunori TAKEDA, Tatsuya OHMACHI, Yosuke KONNO, Daisuke ENDO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3140
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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VGR rack & pinion is a machine element that the movement distance of the rack is varied with the rotation angle of the pinion. It is used the power steering device for the car. As a result, the conflicting performance it is the stability when going straight and the steer when turning can be improved at the same time. When the motion of this mechanism was evaluated, the error was caused in the theory value and measurements in the movement distance of rack to rotation angle of pinion. In this paper, it is clarified that the relation between the output performance error of the VGR rack & pinion and the shape of the tooth surface. At first, the shape of the tooth surface is found giving output error by compulsion. Afterwards, the theory tooth surface is compared with it. The engaging contact line on the tooth surface is examined. Finally, the factor output error is clarified.
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Yuichi NAKAMURA, Tadashi KOBAYASHI, Yuichi NORO, Masahito MATSUI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3141
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In order to motivate manufacturing products for freshmen in the university, simplified robot assembling practices and contests have been introduced in the compulsory lecture for nine years. Owing to the employment of LEGO MINDSTORMS RIS, students could assemble more original robots than the teachers expected within the limited hours of the lecture seeking for the contest. Most robots were vehicle-type and were paid more attention to improve driving machine elements and mechanism than to assemble sensors and feedback control programs. However, students spontaneously assembled robots with much passion.
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Kiyoshi OKURA, Kenji KAJIKAWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3142
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Friction-velocity (μ-V) characteristics in a frictional power transmission belts are very important parameters in evaluating transfer performance or squeal noise at the belt slippage. But the μ-V data obtained by two measuring methods such as SAE (rotating pulley) method and fixed pulley method give different values. In this paper, the reason why the two methods give different results is theoretically studied at first. Then reciprocal transformation method of the data is examined.
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Yasushi TOMITA, Takeshi YAMAMOTO, Kenji MORI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3143
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We have developed the basic shift control logic for a new traction roller transmission built with a simple shift system and a cam mechanism for applying force to the rollers. The results of calculations and experiments are presented to show that this transmission is capable of providing smooth, quick shift performance.
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Hidenori KOMATSUBARA, Sadatomo KURIBAYASHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3144
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Traction drive CVT is a low noise and a low vibration. But most of traction drive CVT have complex structure. One of the authors invented a new type of traction drive CVT. As for this new CVT, the structure is simple, and transfer efficiency is high. This new CVT is called Cone to Cone Type CVT (CTC-CVT). The purpose of this research aimed at practical use of CTC-CVT. In the 1st report, the contact stress in the structure and the reduction ratio change mechanism of CTC-CVT was examined. In the 2nd report, the mechanical efficiency of power transmission is examined. In this report, the prototype was manufactured. And an experimental results of this prototype are described.
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Norihito SUZUKI, Jun YAMASHITA, Akihiko TOKUDA, Takuya MORIMOTO, Hiros ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3145
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The rubber belt for CVT in scooter is subjected to the complex loadings, because the CVT performs as the variable speed device and as the power transmission. Therefore, the failure mechanism of the CVT rubber belt is considerably complex, and therefore the failure mechanism has not sufficiently been understood. There are three major failure modes for the CVT rubber belts, namely tension rubber crack, bottom land crack and adhesive rubber crack. Moreover, the adhesive rubber crack was classified into the surface crack and the de-bonding of the interface. In this study, the authors focused on the initiation of the surface crack for the adhesive rubber. Namely, the initiation mechanism of the surface crack was discussed using FEA, and proposed the equation for the surface crack initiation based on the Euler's equation.
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Shoji NOGUCHI, Kouta NAGASAKI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3146
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The roller chain is widely used as power transmission element on machines such as motorcycles and transporting machines. In this research, we used FEM analysis to examine the stress distribution of chain when load applied, and analyzed models with weight saving.
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Katsumi Inoue, Kojiro Kobayashi, Yukihito Narita, Nobuyuki Deto
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3147
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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For the dynamic simulation of automobile timing chain, the timing chain and tensioner are represented by the one-dimensional model of the spring and damper. The equations of motion are derived for this simplified model, and they are computed to obtain the longitudinal fluctuations of timing chain load. The oscillation of crankshaft rotation frequency dominates in the fluctuation of timing chain load. Focusing on maximum timing chain load, the simulated result is compared with measurement, and effectiveness of this simulation is discussed. In addition, the characteristic of hydraulic tensioner affects timing chain load.
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