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Published: September 15, 2006
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Article type: Index
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A1-A6
Published: September 15, 2006
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Koji IWAMURA, Yoshitaka TANIMIZU, Nobuhiro SUGIMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 201
Published: September 15, 2006
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This paper deals with a real-time scheduling system of the Holonic Manufacturing Systems (HMSs). In the previous papers, real-time scheduling method based on the utility values have been proposed and applied to the HMSs. In this method, individual job holons and resource holons determine the utility values for the next machining operation based on their own decision criteria. Reinforcement learning is applied to the job holons, in the paper, in order to make the suitable decision criteria for determination of utility values. Some case studies of the real-time scheduling are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Nobuhiro SUGIMURA, Ken SHIOMI, Yoshitaka TANIMIZU, Koji IWAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 202
Published: September 15, 2006
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Uncertainties of operation time in manufacturing processes are not considered in the conventional scheduling problems, however the operation time may have some uncertainty and distributions for the case of the manual operations and the long distance transportations. An approximation method is proposed in the paper to estimate the distributions of the finish time of all the operations in the scheduling results, based on the mean values and the standard deviations of the operation time.
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Masanori KITANO, Masayuki TAKATA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 203
Published: September 15, 2006
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In this study, a technique about the determination of the route of AGV is proposed. In demands of transportation, the one that it is necessary to transport it in a hurry and the one not so have mixed. AGV that should not be hurried up hand over its route to AGV that should be hurried up, so increasing the number of transportation demands that can be accepted becomes possible. It aims for more transportation demands to be received by negotiating with AGV.
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Masahiro FURUKAWA, Masayuki TAKATA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 204
Published: September 15, 2006
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A production method near the article production is demanded when the preference of the market is diversified in the future and the control system corresponding to this method is necessary. Therefore in this research, a new description style was designed. This style is able to express the intention of the industrial engineer of aiming achieving the coordinated operation between equipments, and switching with the operation order of an industrial equipment and cooperation. With an existing programming language, to describe these intension is with a lot of difficult. And, the flexibility of the system and the description style of the control logic were considered through the simulation experiment.
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Hidehiko Yamamoto
Article type: Article
Session ID: 205
Published: September 15, 2006
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This paper proposes the method to raise the reasoning efficiency for Reasoning to Anticipate Future (RAF) which is the real time control of AGV actions in an autonomous decentralized FMS. This method decides the priority of hypotheses by a memory. The method has the characteristic functions to repeat adding new memory, forgetting a memory and renewing the memory set. After some simulations, it is ascertained that the proposed method is useful.
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Koichi KIKKAWA, Yoshio Mizugaki
Article type: Article
Session ID: 206
Published: September 15, 2006
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This paper describes dividing method of product model data for distributed CAM. Appropriate dividing methods are shown for two typical tool path types which are scanning path and spiral path, and those methods are compared by considering geometric feature of tool path. The result of comparison shows that the dividing method for spiral path is not suitable for calculation of tool offset surface. Processing time of distributed CAM for scanning path is analyzed based on simplified processing model. The minimum value of processing time is indicated by the result of the analysis, that is, there is an optimum number of division. In result of experiments of distributed processing, there is a specific number of division by which the processing time can be minimized in fact.
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Toshitake TATENO, Keiko SHIMIZU
Article type: Article
Session ID: 207
Published: September 15, 2006
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This paper deals with a scheduling method for manual work in consideration of learning by On-the-Job training (OJT). As of skillful work such as maintenance work of trains and airplanes, workers have to learn many kinds of work with the OJT. Although processing time in OJT becomes longer than the standard time, the training is important to keep skill level and long-term work efficiency of the organization. In order to consider the processing time in OJT, the worker model that represents worker property is used for the scheduling. In this paper, a scheduling method that adopts the worker model and an agent-based mechanism is proposed. And, the effects of OJT on short-term and long-term work efficiency is discussed with simulation results
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Weiming HE, Tohru IHARA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 208
Published: September 15, 2006
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Recently, to let the learners acquire the skill of skilled labor exactly in an early stage has been one of the settlements of the 2007 problem. In traditional ways of skill training, generally novices learned skills from demonstrations by skilled labor and operation manuals, but the problem is that sensing and foreseeing abilities of skilled labor were seldom written clearly. Therefore, this paper focuses on making potential knowledge of skilled labor clearly into operation manuals, in order to improve transfer of working skill acquisition method for the novices in a short term.
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Teppei OHYA, Akihiro OBI, Daiji YABUTA, Bandit SUKSAWAT, Wei-Ming He, ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 209
Published: September 15, 2006
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The OJT is a high performance educational system in the factory for improves skill level of workers, but it is limited for the technology transfer in the globalization enterprises. Therefore, we developed New-OJT system by adapting e-learning and use AGV arm robot for teaching a worker with the consulting of a skilled worker in the remote place via the Internet system. The training through this system is required a safety measure for protect hazard between learner and AGV arm robot. This study the safety measure is designed for use in the New-OJT system based on the composing of elimination and preventing accidents cause of learner's unsafe behavior. This safety measure is applied image processing method for detected learner's unsafe behavior and compare the detected data with hazard zone in the data based for reach alarm warning to the learner. This designed safety measure is utilized for certain safety action in the training with AGV arm robot in New-OJT system.
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Nobuhide ITOH, Yuhji HASEGAWA, Akihiko NENOTO, Hitoshi OHMORI, Teruko ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1401
Published: September 15, 2006
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We are studying ways of recycling grinding fluid, supplying grinding fluid and electrode technology in the aim to develop environmentally friendly ELID grinding technology. As one elemental technology of this environmentally friendly ELID grinding technology, we developed a metal free electrode-conductive resionoid bonded wheel using waterweed carbon material as the conductive material. This paper reports the results of investigations on the basic feature of this material for ELID grinding.
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Hitoshi OHMORI, Tetsuya NARUSE, Yoshihiro UEHARA, Yutaka WATANABE, Kaz ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1402
Published: September 15, 2006
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High dimensional accuracy is increasingly difficult to achieve because of the effects of surface roughness and waviness. In particular, nanometer-level control of configuration accuracy and surface roughness is needed in optical system components. With growing demands for new micro-fabrication technologies capable of ultraprecise and highly accurate machining of hard materials to produce parts, the principal techniques of micro-grinding such as ELID (electrolytic in-process dressing)^[1-5] are expected to become very important. The construction of desk-top fabrication systems and tools based on the concept of applying small processing machines to the fabrication of small parts is therefore considered essential. In our research we have developed several desktop micro-grinding machines that provide several dedicated processing functions. This study evaluates the performance of these machines, focusing primarily on a new desk-top micro tool processing unit for development of fine tools.
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Takeshi HARADA, Yoshiyuki SHINYA, Takuya SENBA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1403
Published: September 15, 2006
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Microtruing that can adjust a protrusion height of diamond grains from the tool axis should be conducted to microgrinding tools when fabricating ultraprecise microstructures in which a tool of minute diameter is rotated at high speed. Mechanical microtruing, in which sharp edges of diamond grains on the tool surface are worn out by contacting minute diamond grains, was conducted to electroformed diamond tools by using elastically supported electroplated diamond tool as a truer. It was verified through the grinding test that conducting microtruing to the microtruing was effective to generate smooth ground surfaces. However the pressure controlled mechanical microtruing was insufficient to fabricate sharp edges of diamond grains on the tool surface to flat face, namely, the highly precise tool geometry could not be obtained, so that ground surface under 80nm Ry in surface roughness could not be obtained.
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Yoshihiro UEHARA, Hitoshi OHMORI, Weimin LIN, Yutaka WATANABE, Kazutos ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1404
Published: September 15, 2006
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A demand for the mold of micro-lens is on the increase. As a system for the machining of micro-lens mold, a desk-top machine tool is being expected. But, when the grinding wheel with the small diameter is used, the ELID grinding method has a problem about the installation setting place of the negative electrode along the wheel. In this research, we developed a system to electrolyze the small type ELID grinding wheel. This system was realized SLID grinding processing without using the negative electrode along the wheel, for the purpose of machining of micro lens mold. That result succeeded in the development of the ELID grinding system which uses nozzle type electrodes (new electrode less ELID grinding method). Then, the processing using this system could get the mirror surface of Ra 12nm without electric discharge scar. There was a small abrasion of ELID grinding wheel and abundant volume of material removed.
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Hitoshi OHMORI, Yoshihiro UEHARA, Weimin LIN, Yutaka WATANABE, Kazutos ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1405
Published: September 15, 2006
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This paper describes the grinding of WC injection molding with mirror surfaces for connecter using an ultraprecision micro-form generating machine equipped with ELID grinding system. The grinding wheels were trued to a shin-shape with high profile accuracy by a mechanical truing method using ELID grinding system. The experimental results of ELID grinding have indicated that smooth surface roughness was achieved successfully.
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Yutaka WATANABE, Hitoshi OHMORI, Weimin LIN, Yoshihiro UEHARA, Shin-ya ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1406
Published: September 15, 2006
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We are involved in the R&D of intellectual manufacturing process applying IT by making use of the characteristics of VCAD system which can express internal information of materials. This paper introduced ELID grinding, measurement and ray tracing simulation 'V-Opt' in the development of optical parts taking Gradient Index (GIRN) optical materials with irregular material properties as a model. High precision is aimed at in the future for the practical application of the technology discussed.
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Masayoshi MIZUTANI, Yukako AKINOU, Soichi YAMAMOTO, Jun KOMOTORI, Kazu ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1407
Published: September 15, 2006
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The biocompatibility of titanium implants with different surface properties is investigated. We prepared three types of specimens, one ground by the newly developed ELID grinding system (EG-X), another ground by conventional ELID grinding, and the other polished by SiC paper. The cell number and cytotoxicity of these surfaces were measured. The results of cell number and cytotoxicity showed that the sample ground by the modified system had the highest biocompatibility. This may have been caused by improvement of chemical properties and micro-texture of the surface. This result suggests that this newly developed ELID grinding system can create the desirable surface properties.
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Yoshiyuki UENO, Weimin LIN, Hitoshi OHMORI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1408
Published: September 15, 2006
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A rotation/revolution type polishing tool has been proposed for surface roughness improvement and for polishing rate stability. Pipe-shaped tool is driven to rotation and revolution, simultaneously. When the rotation axis is inclined in a plane to the revolution axis normal to work surface, the end surface of the pipe-shaped tool would be formed through work polishing and tool wearing from cone to sphere. Then, the spherical contact between tool surface and work surface is expected to result an ideal tool locus condition that is an isotropic and homogenous tool locus density over the contact area.
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Yanhua ZOU, Takeo SHINMURA, Toshio AIZAWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1409
Published: September 15, 2006
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In this research, we proposed a new processing method using the interaction of current and magnetic field in which the Fleming's left-hand rule was used. When the current tool (the current-carrying conductor) is placed in a magnetic field, an electromagnetic force is exerted on the conductor. If the current tool is placed in a narrow place, the various movements can be obtained at the current tool by changing the magnetic field outside the wokpiece or changing the direction of the current, and a precise processing of a narrow place is able to be achieved. In this experiment, the transcript of perforating is achieved by using the resonance behavior of a current tool. The resonance happens when the alternating current frequency and the natural frequency of the current tools are the same. The experimental results show that, it was clarified to be able to achieve the transcript of perforating by using a quartz glass as the workpiece.
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Weimin LIN, Teruko KATO, Hitoshi OHMORI, Eiji OHSAWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1410
Published: September 15, 2006
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The purpose of this study is to investigate polishing properties for ELID ground surface with Nano diamond. The following conclusions were obtained ; Surface roughness of glass after polishing with nano diamond decreases with decreasing of nano diamond particles content. Friction coefficient increases with increasing of nano diamond particles content.
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Weimin LIN, Yutaka WATANABE, Hitoshi OHMORI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1411
Published: September 15, 2006
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A new CAD system, which is called Volume-CAD (VCAD) have been developed. We carried out research and development of VCAD fabrication process based on VCAD/CAM precision control. In this study, a developed V-CAM had been used for a polishing fundamental experiment of a free form surface. The relationship between NC resolution and form accuracy of polished surface are discussed.
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Teruko KATO, Hitoshi OHMORI, Weimin Lin, Nobuhide ITHO, Yuji HASEGAWA, ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1412
Published: September 15, 2006
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between manufacturing condition of grinding wheel and tribological properties of rubber bonded wheel sample and processing properties in the process of the development of the ELID-grinding wheel. Following results are obtained as follows ; friction of the rubber bonded material of 90Hs is low and the grinding wheel made from it produces a high-quality surface. On the other hand, friction of the rubber bonded material of 95Hs is higher than and wear resistant of its wheel sample is larger than that of 90Hs.
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Zhongjun Qiu, Libo Zhou, Hirotaka Ojima, Hiroshi Eda, Toru Imai
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1413
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Currently, most of the single-point diamond bits used for turning are still manually manufactured. The profile accuracy of the diamond cutting edge depends on the operator's experiences and skills. The process is expected to be automated to improve the process stability. In this research, a fully automated grinding system has been developed to generate R-profile on the diamond bits, controlled by a vision system. The profile of the diamond bit is captured in real time via a CCD camera. The deviation from the ideal profile is calculated and converted into pulse train for feedback control. The grinding system is then able to remove the unnecessary portion of diamond bit selectively to achieve high precision and efficiency.
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Takuya SENBA, Tetsuro YAMAGUCHI, Takeshi HARADA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1414
Published: September 15, 2006
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Development of a high-speed microfabrication technique using focused laser beam was conducted. Conventional CAD/CAM system was used and the beam was scanned mechanically by attaching both optical mirror arrays and a focal lens to the column of an ultraprecision machining center. Measured groove width and pocket depth obtained by grooving and pocket machining were used as a tool diameter and an axial depth of cut. A glass-like carbon having over 80% laser beam absorptivity and 650MHv hardness was employed as a workpiece. It was verified through the machining test that pseudo 3 dimensional concave prisms could be fabricated by digging square pockets with different square sizes and the same pocket depth to negative Z direction. Shifting laser focal point from the work surface could control a depth of the square pocket, so that a high-speed roughing by adjusting focal point on the work surface could be conducted. In addition, the laser micromachining system could be adapted to a high-speed finishing by shifting focal point from the work surface.
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Ryuuichi OKAZAKI, Takuya SENBA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1415
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Fabrication of micro ball end mill using cemented carbide, ceramics, cBN and single crystal sapphire as a tool material was conducted to find out a suitable material in the meaning of generating sharp cutting edge without chips. 5-axis rotary stage was made to fabricate half cut hemispherical tool 0 degree rake and 30 degreed clearance angles. Electroplated diamond tools over #2000 mesh size and resin-bonded diamond wheel #32000 mesh size were used for the fabrication of tool face. It was verified through the experiment that machinability of the cemented carbide was high but the edge did not have an enough toughness to keep the sharp edge. Macinability is low but a feasibility to fabricate sharp cutting edge with superior wear resistance is high when using cBN and PCD as a tool material.
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Yohichi NAKAO, Tomohiro MIZOI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1416
Published: September 15, 2006
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The present paper proposes an air drive spindle that uses supplied air flow for driving and supporting the spindle rotor. Inside the spindle rotor, air flow channels are designed so that the supplied air flow in the channels generates torque to rotate the spindle rotor. This structure of the spindle can be used as an air drive motor. The designed spindle performance was evaluated experimentally. The experiment shows that the spindle rotates successfully over 18,000 rpm by giving air flow of 100Nl/min, although excessive air leakage flow, approximately 75% of the supplied air flow, was measured.
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Yohichi NAKAO, Yuji SAGESAKA, Kenji KONDO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1417
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A water drive spindle has been developed for applying it to diamond turning machine. The water drive spindle is tested for diamond turning in the present paper. A linear stage system is designed and its performance is evaluated, prior to the diamond turning experiments. Optical quality surfaces were obtained in the diamond turning using the water drive spindle and the linear stage system. The surface roughness of the workpiece was typically R_a 0.03μm. Influence of the pressure pulsation of the water flow on the machined surfaces was experimentally studied. Rotor vibration due to the pressure pulsation was observed in the experiments.
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Hiroyuki YAMADA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1418
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper describes a theoretical and practical procedure of metal cutting condition optimization. Meaningful researches on metal cutting have been carried out for a long period of time ; Cutting process has been well analyzed, various cutting mechanisms have been revealed, and concrete cutting theories have been established. However, these cutting theories are not yet fully put into practice. In this research, a practical approach to optimizing the cutting condition in milling operation is developed, employing its theoretical knowledge as a basis. This optimization methodology can be steadily applied to our business as usual.
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Kazuhiro Shintani, Hideharu Kato, Yuichi Murakami, Kazuhiko Tobita, Sh ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1501
Published: September 15, 2006
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In this study, the design and production of a desk-top-type lathe were carried out, and the cutting performance at high-speed condition is investigated. The size of the developed lathe is 200×300×230mm, and the weight is 28kg. This machine tool was composed of an air turbine spindle (150,000min^<-1> type), a silicon nitride based ceramic frame and a linear motor drive stage with 0.1μm positioning accuracy. As a result of high-speed turning of soft magnetic material, a surface roughness of 0.9μmRz without tear parts was obtained at cutting speed of 31m/sec .
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Kenichi HIROSAKI, Kazuhiro SHINTANI, Hideharu KATO, Ayumi KANEUJI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1502
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Milling tests were conducted in order to investigate the cutting performances of a binder-less PcBN tool in the machining of Ti-6Al-2Nb-1Ta (α-β type alloy) and Ti-15 Mo-5Zr-3Al (β type alloy), which are used as surgical implant materials. In milling of the α-β type alloy, some micro chippings on the rake face of the tool were observed as a typical pattern of tool damage. In the case of the β type alloy, however, there were not only micro chippings on the rake face, but also many micro-flakes on the flank face. The occurrence of micro-flakes on the flank face influenced the structural strength of the cutting edge, and finally caused it to fail. Therefore, the rate of tool damage in milling of the β type alloy was higher than that in milling of the α-β type alloy.
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Hideharu KATO, Kazuhiro SHINTANI, Hiroaki SUGITA, Manabu SAWADA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1503
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In this study, cutting performance of a small end mill tool in high-speed milling of the austenitic stainless steel (SUS304) was investigated. In addition, the effect of improvement in smoothness of coated film on tool life was also examined. As a result, the tool life was remarkably improved at a high-speed of 16.7m/s compared with 2.5m/s. It is clarified that tool life of coated tool without droplet was twice times in that of commercial coated tool with droplet.
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Junya OKIDA, Hideki MORIGUCHI, Akihiko IKEGAYA, Yoshio OKADA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1504
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In this paper, shine of machined surfaces was evaluated from the point of view of a reflected light distribution. The reflected light from three kinds of machined surfaces was measured with a gonio-photometer. The reflected light from the muddy surface spread to a wide range. On the other hand, the light from the "black" shine-surface was reflected to two directions. The distribution of reflected light from the "white" shine-surface was the middle shape of other two surfaces. The calculated distributions from the surface roughness curves were similar to measured ones, and micro roughness in the feed marks made surface-shine muddy. Better roughness near the tool cutting edge is important to improve shine of machined surfaces.
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Shigehiko SAKAMOTO, Heiji YASUI, Yusuke KAJIWARA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1505
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper deals with the improvement of surface roughness on the ultra-precision cutting of austenitic stainless steels type 304 and 316. Austenitic stainless steels are well known as difficult-to-cut metals. The surface roughness of stainless steel is influenced considerably by the volume of work damaged layer in the field of ultra-precision cutting. The hardness of finished surface depends on the depth of cut and cutting speed. It was found that the work damaged layer is composed of martensitic structures. The deformation-induced martensitic transformation is occurred on the finished surface of austenitic stainless steels. The surface roughness Rz is obtained below 60nm(P-V) under the small effect of the deformation-induced martensitic transformation on the finished surface of SUS304 when the depth of cut is given 2μm.
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Heiji Yasui, Shogo Furuya, Naoki Shimizu, Masaharu Fujiwara
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1506
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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With the aim of the remarkable improvement of tool life, in the previous research, the possibility of edge moving type of cutting method (EMT method), is examined roughly by turning of S45C steel again. From the result, the method is ascertained useful. The influence of edge moving speed and cutting speed on the wear rate and surface roughness, in the present report, is investigated by turning of S45C steel using the method. The width of flank wear becomes larger for higher edge moving speed. Low cutting speed has a bad influence on the surface roughness because the built-up edge occurs.
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Isami NITTA, Ryousuke HAGA, Satosi NONAKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1507
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We have developed a fine laser processing equipment with high accuracy positioning as well as wide processing area. Galvanometer scanners and scanning lens make it possible to move the laser spots faster than mechanical stages do. So far this equipment had a large field curvature giving a bad influence on precision processing over wide scanning area. So we examined an influence of beam expander lens on field curvature by both an optical analysis and experiments. In the analysis the minimum field curvature was about 0.14mm. On the other hand the measured minimum field curvature was about 4 times larger than the analytical value. After the processing to evaluate process performance of this system the process marks were measured with an optical microscope and a surface profilometer.
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Hiroshi SUZUKI, Yuji OYAMA, Hidenori OHBA, Masahiro MIZUKANE, Kazuo HA ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1508
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In recent years, the hollowing out of domestic manufacturing is becoming serious problem. On the other hand, it accelerates the development of new technology and the creation of new field in fact. The machining microfabrication is typical one of those fields. In this field, the most of the targeted work size is less than palm-top size. Although the conventional high precise machinery is large and high expensive, and those combination are becoming inefficiently from the viewpoint of its initial cost, running cost, and footprint. Based on such industrial background, we have developed ultra high precise machinery (MNF2005) with compact body. The feeding mechanism of MNF2005 is composed x-y-z 3 axes, the positioning accuracy of x-axis and y-axis are less than 50nm and z-axis is less than 500nm, respectively. This high precise mechanism enables to reduce the processing surface roughness less than 20nm (Ra). In this paper, we report the performance of MNF2005 in more detail.
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Tomoyuki Saiki, Masaomi Tsutsumi, Ryuta Sato, Hiroshi Suzuki, Masaki U ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1509
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Motion accuracy of machining center gives big effect to work accuracy. A measurement of motion accuracy is necessary for improvement of work accuracy. As for motion accuracy measurement, circular motion test method is typical. It is highly precise, and this technique can establish control parameter of equipment. It is difficult from limitation of motion course however to do measurement evaluation of linear-motion. The motion used for measurement evaluation of linear-motion had ISO230-6 with reference. In this study, error factor of linear-motion is prescribed in straightness/squareness/position error, and evaluation to same time 3 axis motions is done with an aim. In this report, it is reported about control set motion course and evaluation result about straightness of linear-motion.
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Akio KUBO, Hua QIU
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1510
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In this study, the authors develop a convenient method to estimate the corner errors caused by the linear interpolation motion of a machining center. Only a few measurements to simple motion trajectory are necessary for identifying the parameter values due to the acceleration and deceleration control rule in the NC system. The effectiveness of the method has been sufficiently verified from experiment results.
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Yuusuke NINOMIYA, Masahiro KAWANOBE, Shinsaku YOKOO, Shu KARUBE, Tatsu ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1511
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This study investigates the variation in accuracy when the cutting speed is varied in the vibration cutting system. The vibration cutting system has an upper limit of cutting speed, which is called the critical cutting speed v_c (v_c=2πaf, a is the tool amplitude, f is the tool frequency). The most suitable cutting speed for the vibration cutting system is smaller than v_c/3, generally. We cut S45C with the vibration cutting tool from the suitable cutting speed to the larger speed than v_c, and check the variation in surface roughness and roundness. As the result, the surface roughness is stable when the cutting speed is smaller than 0.8v_c using the tool with the nose radius r_n=0.6mm and the rake angle β=3deg.
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Sangkyu LEE, Mamoru MITSUISHI, Kenichi HIBINO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1512
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Mask glasses for semi-conductor process require a surface flatness and a homogeneity of optical thickness better than 100nm. Measurements of both quantities up to 10nm precision are essential to making the glasses. Wavelength tuning interferometry allows nondestructive inspection of these glasses with a high z-axial resolution in a short period of time. We measured the surface shape and the optical thickness variation of a 7-inch mask glass by wavelength tuning Fizeau interferomety. Experimental results show that the surface shape and the optical thickness variation were measured with an uncertainty of 10nm.
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Terutake HAYASHI, Yasuhiro TAKAYA, Takashi MIYOSHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1513
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The micro lenses quality strongly depends on the nano surface texture of the injection lens mold (e.g. pick-up lenses for DVD). The mold thus requires high quality surface having the roughness of less than 5nm Rq, without any flaw. However, the mold surface texture is mainly estimated, from examining the lenses formed by injection mold process, that is not quantitative but qualitative. In this study, we have developed an automated scattering light measurement system, which enables 3-D detection of the scattered light toward the various directions caused by flaws and roughness, in order to manufacture the high quality lens with high productivity. Light scattering method is used to characterize the surface texture. When the light is scattered, its polarization, as well as its scattering intensity and direction, is changed. The changes depend on the surface texture and material, as well as the polarization and an incident angle of the beam.
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Masaharu KOMORI, Yoshihiro ODA, Yukihiro MATSUOKA, Aizoh KUBO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1514
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The pitch of machine parts influences its quality and therefore the quality control of pitch by precise measurement is demanded strongly in industries. The measurement of pitch is, however, usually time-consuming process if touch probe is used. Noncontact measurement is ideal but it has difficulty in working distance or stability of measurement. In this report, a new noncontact measuring method of pitch is proposed. The image of surface of moving object is taken consecutively and the degree of focusing is evaluated for each image. The pitch is measured by analyzing the whole wave form corresponding to the change of focusing value. The principle of measurement is proposed and the influence of measurement conditions is investigated.
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Shogo TAKAI, Tadashi OHTANI, Takahisa NAKAI, Ryuji MORI, Yuji UCHIO, A ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1601
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper describes the results that investigated the behavior of chip formation with fracture in bone micro-cutting. The behavior was categorized in the following three types. Type I: When the bone specimen was cut in the parallel to osteon tissue, the micro-crack progressed in straight to cutting direction. Type II: When was cut in the tangential, the micro-crack progressed curving in a concentric circle along the layer of osteon. Type III: When was cut in the radial, the micro-crack progressed shearing and the chips with the shear and tear types were produced. From above fracture type, the cutting property of the cortical bone was concluded that the fracture progression while cutting was controlled by the osteon tissue and another fracture was progressed by the mechanical shear action
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Yuhei KAWASAKI, Tadashi OHTANI, Takahisa NAKAI, Ryuji MORI, Yuji UCHIO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1602
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper describes the results that evaluated the cell migration on micro-processing surface due to controlling the regeneration effect. The investigated results prior to the evaluation for cell migration showed that the medical processing was categorized on the four mechanisms in terms of engineering. The four mechanisms were consisted of the crack transmission, the cutting with positive angle, the sanding with negative angle, and the heat-treatment. The cell migration on various micro-processing surface with above mechanism was evaluated that the migratory distance increased straightly on the groove with tip cutting and bonded abrasion, whereas the migration progressed to the indefinite direction on the groove with loose abrasion and crack. The cell migration along the groove with micro-processing was also affected by the depth of groove.
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Satoshi SAKAMOTO, Yasuo KONDO, Kenji YAMAGUCHI, Noboru MURAKAMI, Norio ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1603
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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As a slicing method of a hard and brittle materials represented by a silicon ingot, slicing by multi-wire saw becomes the mainstream. In precision slicing by multi-wire saw, there are many cases to adopt a loose abrasive method. Work environment deteriorates to use a large quantity of slurry in loose abrasive method, and a large quantity of waste slurry needs processing as industrial waste. In this study, the new slicing method that considered environment is suggested. They are the method which used high viscosity slurry, and the method which used half fixation abrasive wire tool.
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Masatsugu KAMIYA, Yoshiki NAGATSUMA, Tomohiro SASAKI, Takao YAKOUI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 1604
Published: September 15, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Bending properties of Al-20%Si alloys machined by dry cutting and wet cutting are investigated in this report. Primary silicon of average size of 27μm and eutectic silicon of average size of 5μm are observed in the specimen. The bending stress was increased in order of the specimen machined by dry cutting, machined by wet cutting and polished. The machined surface by dry cutting was rough due to the detaching of the built-up edge during machining. For the machined surface by wet cutting, cracks were observed near the primary silicon particles. The decreasing of bending stress are probably due to that the splitting of the material in dry cutting is larger than the crack of primary silicon in wet cutting.
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