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Article type: Cover
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Published: September 12, 2009
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Article type: Appendix
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Article type: Appendix
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Article type: Appendix
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Article type: Index
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A1-A6
Published: September 12, 2009
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Keisuke USAMI, Hiroyuki KOUSAKA, Takayuki TOKOROYAMA, Isami NITTA, Nor ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-1-1
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In the medical field, plastic syringes are used with silicone oil for the sliding area between barrels and gaskets, where the barrels are typically plastics such as PP (Polypropylene) and the gaskets are usually made of TPE (Thermoplastic elastomer). However, silicone oil is considered to have some demerits. Therefore, the development of unlubricated plastic syringes is desired. In this study, to decrease the friction between barrels and gaskets under unlubricated condition, we treated PPs and TPEs by a surface fluorination with PFPE (Perfluoropolyether) application and VUV (Vacuum ultraviolet) irradiation with excimer lamp. As a result of experiment, it was confirmed that the friction coefficient between fluorinated TPEs and non-treated PPs decreased by up to 77%. In addition, it was confirmed that the decreasing of friction coefficient was accompanied by decreasing of real contact area and work of adhesion arisen from the reduction of surface free energy.
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Youhei ANZAI, Keiji KATANO, Hirotoshi TERAO, Tsuneyuki SASAKI, Tomohar ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-1-2
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The miniaturization of a printer and the decrease in friction of bearings are sliding important for the achievement of the lower consumption of the motor power. Therefor, the grooves was formed in the sliding direction. To reduec friction of injection mold bearing, and lubricaint with PTFE particle was used. Friction coefficient decreased when the diameter of PTFE particle is more than the groove depth. As a result, the good lubrication effect was obtained by the introduction of grooves and PTFE particles in to bearing.
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Yasuhiro YOSHINO, Takeshi SHIBATA
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-1-3
Published: September 12, 2009
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The mechanical strength of ices, especially for the glacier has been studying since 19th century. However, there are few industrial applications such as mechanical processing tools without ice-blast. Because the specific data of mechanical properties for ices which are produced by the conventional refrigerator are unknown. Therefore, we produced three types of ices using a Stirling refrigerator with controlling the cooling rate, and measured the hardness of ices from 77 K to 268 K. Furthermore, indentation displacements were also measured during the hardness test, so that the Elastic Recovery Ratios of ices were investigated in this study.
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Yuzo Miyazaki, Katsumi IWAMOTO, Kentaro TANAKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-1-4
Published: September 12, 2009
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The heat exchange paint have the superior characteristics for preventing the heat island effect. However the mechanism of temperature restraint and the characteristic of heat conduction have not been solved yet. Therefore thermal conductivity, heat flux and temperature of heat exchange paint were measured in this study. From the results of experiments, the heat exchange paint have lower thermal conductivity comparing with that of the conventional paint.
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Michimasa UCHIDATE, Akira IWABUCHI, Tomoharu SHIMIZU
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-1-5
Published: September 12, 2009
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This paper deals with the simulation for corrosive wear based on the mechanical and electrochemical wear models. The contact surface is divided into finite grids so that the film thickness, anodic current and hardness, etc can be calculated. Contact problem was approximated by a modified Railing's model. Mechanical wear and electrochemical wear were calculated by Archard's wear Model and Faraday's Law, respectively. Results show that specific wear rate decreased with an increase in normal load since electrochemical wear in not proportional to load. Also wear decreased with an increase in oscillation frequency since the exposure time decreases with an increase in frequency, which in turn decreases electrochemical wear.
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Kei ATSUKAWA, Katsumi IWAMOTO, Kentaro TANAKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-2-1
Published: September 12, 2009
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In the reciprocating machinery, the velocity of slider varies from zero to maximum value by one stroke. Therefore the velocity of slider is zero and dynamic pressure become small value at the end of a stroke. In this case the lubricating condition of slider become the mixed lubricating condition. Consequently slider might contact with liner and have damage. Some ingenuities are required in order to avoid such as those damage and obtain superior lubricating condition which realize the progress of mechanical efficiency and saving energy. In this paper the improvement of mixed lubricating condition by processing the micro dimples at the end of a stroke in the reciprocating machinery has been considered. In an apparatus of experiment, we processed the micro dimples at the place where the mixed lubricating condition occurs. The shape, dimension and distance in micro dimples were considered as the parameter of process. Thus it was found that the diameter and the depth of dimples affect the lubricating condition.
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Takuma TERUI, Akira IWABUCHI, Eiichirou KAMEDA, Tomoharu SHIMIZU
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-2-2
Published: September 12, 2009
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A die life is depended on affinity of workpiece material for die material in press working. The optimum choice of die material is required for workpiece materials. However, real machine test is very difficult by using a press machine, because a lot of time and costs are spent on real machine test. The estimate of die materials is examined by the wear testing machine. But more easily test method is required, because usual wear testing takes a lot of time in lubricate condition. In this study, die materials were estimated by robustness analysis of quality engineering in a short time, and the result of estimate was considered.
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Tadataka KAMIYAMA, Hiroki ABE, Keiji KATANO, Shigeaki SHINGYOCHI, Kenj ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-2-3
Published: September 12, 2009
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In the liquid control of the fuel battery for the mobile products and the medical analysis instruments, the pump is required to be microfied. So we developed the micro-pump of the diaphragm type with SMA (Shape Memory Alloy) as the actuator for the purpose of low electric power and high pressure. Furthermore, we developed the micro-pump of the gear pump with DC motor for the purpose of high flow late. We report specifications and the characteristics result of evaluation in this announcement for these micro-pumps.
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Midori NAGASHIMA, Yohichi NAKAO
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-2-4
Published: September 12, 2009
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Water hydrostatic bearings are attractive for machine tool applications because of the low viscosity and higher thermal conductivity of water as lubricant fluid. In general, the water hydrostatic bearing requires small bearing clearance and small diameter of restrictors in order for reducing water flow, due to its low viscosity. Thus, even small dimensional errors in the clearance and restrictor cause significant deterioration in its performances. Thus, the present paper studies the influence of the dimensional errors on the load capacity and stiffness of the water hydrostatic bearings by the numerical calculations. In our bearing design, the diameter of restrictor was ideally designed so that the recess pressure becomes the half of the supply pressure. As a result, we found that the stiffness takes maximum value when the clearance is 79 % of original design. In contrast, if the restrictor has dimensional error in diameter, the maximum stiffness can be obtained at 115 % of designed diameter.
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Keiji KATANO, Nobuhiro TAKAHASHI, Kazuyuki HAMADA, Tomoharu SHIMIZU, A ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-3-1
Published: September 12, 2009
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Recently in the medical analysis instruments, the liquid control is required to be microfied and high accuracy. Generally the pipette of medical analysis instruments consists of pump and tube, so those are not able to put out micro liquid accurately. In this paper we developed Φ8mm micro actuator. This actuator is made by a 2k-H type planet-gear reducer and a stepping motor. Module of these gears is 0.1, and gears are made by plastic injection molding. And we developed 8 channel micro pipettes system lined up 9mm pitch with these micro actuators. This system puts out 10μl liquid in CV value 1%.
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Kei ITO, Yuta SUNAMI, M. Danial IBRAHIM, Tadashi NAMBA, Masayuki OCHIA ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-3-2
Published: September 12, 2009
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Fluid film lubricated dynamic bearings are commonly used for high speed revolutionary equipments acting as rotating shaft support element. Among these equipments which use the bearings as support elements, office automation equipment and IT related devices are widely use the applied. Optimization of bearing parameters is effective to improve the performance of the fluid film lubricated dynamic bearings since low noise and impact-proof characteristics are essential requirements for these equipments. On the other hand, bearings for miniaturized spindles are generally made by a mass production process which will eventually requires reduction of production costs. In this paper, 2.5 inch HDD spindle motor using fluid film lubricated dynamic bearings is used ; sensitivity analysis that considered manufacturing error was conducted for optimum design. As a result, the influence of bearing characteristic values upon the occurrence of manufacturing error was clarified.
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Tomonobu TAKAHASHI, Humio TAKEUCHI, Tadashi NANBA, Masayuki OCHIAI, Hi ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-3-3
Published: September 12, 2009
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Thrust air bearing has a merit of low friction under high rotating speed. On the other hand, the dynamic stiffness to the external excitation is considerably low compared to the stiffness of oil bearings. This has made it a problem for the air bearing to be widely used in the high precision machinery. Hashimoto et al. has discovered a modified spiral groove geometry through the optimization methodology. The modified spiral groove bearings have been proven through calculations to have a much higher stiffness compared to conventional spiral groove bearings. In this paper, a parametric study to investigate the importance of the groove geometry being accurately designed and manufactured was presented geometry. By changing the angles of the groove geometry from the desired, the bearing performance was examined. As a result, the effects of manufacturing accuracy in groove geometry were clarified.
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Masaya KOBAYASHI, Masayuki OCHIAI, Hiromu HASHIMOTO
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-3-4
Published: September 12, 2009
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Journal bearings are widely used for supporting high-speed rotational machinery, such as turbine and compressor because of their high load carrying capacity, stability, and durability. Recently, the engineering trend is oriented to higher rotational speed and miniaturizing rotational machinery. Hence, it is important to enhance the stabilities of the journal bearing rotation. In order to improve the stability of journal bearing, one of the effective ways is to use starved lubrications. However, under starved lubrication, risk of contact between the bearing surface and shaft because of the thin oil film condition will lead to seizures. Therefore, it is necessary to improve stability of journal bearing without contact. This paper describes the knowhow of stabilizing journal bearings by controlling the oil supply quantity to maintain oil film thickness adequacy. Results showed that by using the method proposed, journal bearing with a high stability and operational-safe rotations was successfully obtained.
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Hiroyuki KIMURA, Takashi TAMURA, Keiji KATANO, Tomoharu SHIMIZU, Akira ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-4-1
Published: September 12, 2009
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An actuator with two inputs for one output is developed. This actuator is composed of one output and two isolate input. From this the output can be driven without switching two inputs. This actuator is used focusing-mechanism of camera which changing auto-focus and manual-focus. The Actuator with two inputs for one output is proposed by using paradox gear reducer. It becomes it by this actuator so that it will be achieve the same mechanism with any motor. The characteristic of the actuator is confirmed by fundamental driving experimental.
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Keita UGAJIN, Tomoharu SHIMIZU, Akira IWABUCHI, Takashi TAMURA, Tomohi ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: G1101-4-3
Published: September 12, 2009
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The power transmission system witch uses paradox gear reducer and frictional force of clutch unit or brake unit was developed. It is an important problem for this system to stabilize static friction torque by the friction. This study is aimed for the stabilization of the clutch unit, and examination of the optimization of the parameter to affect static friction torque was performed with quality engineering. As a result, the dispersion of static friction torque decreased about 40%.
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Kiyoshi OKURA, Yuji MARUYAMA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-1-2
Published: September 12, 2009
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It has already reported in previous paper that the performance of a factional power transmission belt such as flat or V-ribbed belts at 2 % slippage can be analytically predicted and the results well coincide with the measured ones. In this report it is shown that the performance curve relating slip ratio and transmitted torque can be obtained by using the analytical expression and μV characteristics relating friction coefficient and slip velocity.
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Yuji MARUYAMA, Kiyoshi OKURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-1-3
Published: September 12, 2009
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In previous paper we have already reported that the noise generation mechanism of synchronous belts is not impact sound due to the collision of the belt and the pulley tooth, but radiated sound from the belt vibration excited by radial displacement caused by the polygonal effect of the pulley and the deformation of the belt at the meshing point. In this paper it is shown that the noise reduction mechanism of helical synchronous belts can be explained by using the above theory with the polygonal effect of the shape projected to a surface at right angle with the pulley axis.
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Hidehiko Yamaguchi, Susumu Matsumoto
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-1-4
Published: September 12, 2009
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Tsutomu NAKANISHI, Daniel Tilahun REDDA, Yuui IIBOSHI, Gang DENG
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-1-5
Published: September 12, 2009
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In order to improve the load-carrying capacity of case-carburized gears, the effect of mirror polishing on surface fatigue of rolling-sliding contact was investigated. Case-carburized test rollers were finished by cylindrical grinding machine after the heat treatment. The ground surface of test rollers was finished by hand finishing with the abrasive paper and the buff. Next, the surface durability of test rollers was examined by using a 2-roller-type fatigue testing machine. For test rollers with the mirror polished surface, the following results are obtained : The rise of surface temperature during running is low. The number of pits decreases. The pitting fatigue life is longer under the heavy load conditions. The value of the endurance limit of the surface durability becomes higher. From these results, it is found that the tooth surface should be finished as smooth as possible to obtain the higher load-carrying capacity of case-carburized gears.
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Takao KOIDE, Ken-ichi TAKAHAMA, Mikio TAKAHASHI, Hideo TAKAHASHI, Koui ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-1-6
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper describes a fatigue life prediction method of plastic helical wheels meshed with a steel worm. The running tests for worm gears were carried out under a grease-lubrication using a power-absorbing-type gear test machine which was developed by the authors. The failure mode, the tooth surface temperature, and the fatigue life of a plastic helical wheel were examined under various operating conditions. On the basis of these results, a fatigue life prediction method for plastic helical wheels was proposed and the validity of the prediction method was confirmed by comparing the predicted fatigue lives with the experimental results.
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Mikio TAKAHASHI, Hideo TAKAHASHI, Takao KOIDE
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-2-1
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Strength of the tooth for the breakage becomes a problem when the plastic gear is used for the power transmission. The temperature of the plastic gear in the operation largely affects on the strength because a plastic has a mechanical property of temperature dependency. However, the effect of the temperature of the plastic gear in the operation is not sufficiently considered in the commonly used gear design method. In this study, the relationship between tooth surface temperature rise and load condition was examined by the experiment. The effects of the gear dimension and load condition on the tooth surface temperature rise were determined.
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Ichiro MORIWAKI, Takeshi IMAYOSHI, Takeshi NAKAMURA, Yuji SHITARA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-2-2
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The present study describes the effect of lubricants on failure and limit pitch-line velocity of the injection molded POM gear pairs. Endurance tests were carried out using four kinds of lubricants under room temperature. As a result, all lubricants yield longer service life of plastic gear pairs under much higher pitch-line velocity than limitation. And adhesive wear occurred under unlubricated conditions. On the other hand, normal wear occurred under lubricated conditions. Fatigue cracks on tooth root fillet were observed under both conditions. It was confirmed that using lubricants is effective for plastic gear to drive under high rotational speed.
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Yoshitaka TAMOTO
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-2-3
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In order to clarify influence of the lubricant composition on the transmission efficiency of the helical gear for vehicles driven at high speed and low load conditions, traction measurement of lubricants was conducted using a Four-roller tester. As a result of the measurement using three sets of rollers with which surface roughness differs, when the surface roughness was smaller, the difference in the traction coefficient between commercial ATF and traction oil KTF-1 was larger. On the other hand, the difference was smaller when the surface roughness was larger. The surface roughness of the test gear was almost same as that of the latter case, and there was a good correlation between the average traction coefficient obtained in the case of rougher test rollers and gear power losses which is mainly caused by meshing lose.
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Masashi YAMANAKA, Takuo NAKAGAWA, Ryo SHIMIZU, Katsumi INOUE
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-2-4
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A torque-controlled CVT, which changes the speed ratio mechanically without auxiliary power source such as a hydraulic or a motor, is treated in this study. This CVT has advantages in simply mechanism and possibility for various applications. In this report, the torque-controlled mechanism using a ball screw and a spring is examined. It generates a loading force and a movement in the range of 20 mm according to a magnitude of torque. The performance is analyzed and evaluated by the experiments. The translation ratio from the torque to the loading force is calculated using the dimensions of ball screw and agrees well with the experimental result.
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Yuki ODA, Masayoshi MURAKI, Kikuo OKAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-2-5
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A noble micro wedge ring (MWR) type roller speed reducer with the speed ratio of 10 was developed as a speed reducer aiming at miniaturization and a large speed ratio of the device. Its feature is a simple structure and has no special mechanism for normal load at the contact because of formation of wedge between a ring roller and input roller. The experiments were conducted using some ring rollers with different size for improvement of the maximum output torque. As a result, the optimum ring roller gave higher than 7.6Nm and slide/roll ratio below 9% and efficiency over 90%.
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Eiichirou TANAKA, Kazunari OKABE, Satoshi WADA, Ryozo NEMOTO, Kazuhiro ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-2-6
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We developed a new diagnostic method by using a laser beam. The tooth surface is irradiated by a zonal laser beam from oblique direction, and then an irradiated laser beam line is shifted along the height of the tooth according to gear revolution. The angles between measured gear and laser beam were defined. To apply this method to a helical gear, the arm for setting the laser sensor was assumed as the special closed-loop serial-linkage, and the structure the arm was proposed. By using these proposals, we can diagnose the helical gear as well as a spur gear.
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Shigeki MATSUMURA, Haruo HOUJOH
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-3-1
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We reported estimation method of gear mesh excitation with vibration measurement results. In the method, at first, the shape of gear system's frequency response function (FRF) is estimated only with vibration measurement results. Next, spectral analysis result at an operating speed is divided with FRF, and mesh excitation components are estimated. The proposed estimation method is verified experimentally with vibration measurement results on the gear body. But, to apply to quality assessment or vibration diagnosis of a real gear machinery, vibration measurement on gear body is difficult. In this research, we verified vibration assessment with measured vibration signals on pedestals.
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Tsubasa NUMAZAWA, Takuya MORIMOTO, Hiroshi IIZUKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-3-2
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We study a belt-pulley system as a conformal rolling contact problem in order to discuss the limitation of a belt creep theory. The creep theory is assumed that the belt thickness is relatively thin enough to be negligible the bending stiffness of the belt and the constitutive relation of the belt under tension is linear. Thus we examine the influence of the thickness and extensibility of the rubber belt on the contact force distribution over the drive pulley by using finite element analysis. In addition, we argue the limitation of the creep theory by comparing theoretical solution with them. As a result, it is shown that the initial stretch limits significantly the validity of the creep theory compared with the effective stretch and the belt thickness.
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Norihito SUZUKI, Akihiko TOKUDA, Takuya MORIMOTO, Hiroshi IIZUKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-3-3
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The rubber belt for CVT in scooter is subjected to the complex loadings, because the CVT performs as a variable speed device and as a power transmission. Therefore, the failure mechanism of the CVT rubber belt is considerably complex, and therefore the failure mechanism has not sufficiently been understood. There are three major failureanodes for the CVT rubber belts, namely tension rubber crack, bottom land crack and adhesive rubber crack. Moreover, the adhesive rubber crack was classified into the surface-crack and the de-bonding of the interface. In this study, the authors focused on the surface-crack initiation type. The damage for the surface-crack initiation was accumulated by the shearing between the belt cord and the belt side-surface, where the torque was transformed by the friction between the belt and pulley. The extent of the shearing stress was estimated by a simplified mechanical model, which was proposed basing on the Euler's theory.
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Syuhei KUROKAWA, Yasutune ARIURA, Yoji UMEZAKI, Toshiro DOI
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-3-4
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Tooth bearing patterns give us very useful information about gear engagement situations. However, the detail analysis of gear engagement using actual contact patterns is not enough up to now, because the actual patterns are normally captured by a still camera as projected images. In the case of the involute helicoid surface, it is possible to develop it onto the plane geometrically. It is more convenient to compare the actual patterns with simulated ones on the plane. In this paper, geometrical developable surfaces are classified in the first place, and the involute helicoid surface is developed onto the plane geometrically with the help of the geodesic curvatures of tooth profiles and tooth leads. It is found that the lead circular helices are developed as the concentric circles on a plane, and the involute tooth profile is developed as an involute curve which has a certain diameter of a base circle.
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Haruo Houjoh, Khaw Ten Kang, Takuji Yoshida, Shunichi Ohshima, Shigeki ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-3-5
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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For efficient cooling of gear teeth just after meshing, feeding of lubricant to the finish of engagement region of a pair of helical gears is simulated in water with injecting metal particles which are regarded as lubricant. The movement of particles is 3-dimensionally visualized using a monocular imaging system having cylindrical lens and based on astigmatism. Governed by Reynolds' similarity law, gears were operated one tenth slower than in air. The result of visualization : 3-D behavior of tracer particles is presented. It is confirmed that the behavior is dependent on axial position of feeding and there is peculiar position where the gear pair refuses lubricant. Therefore forced injection or oblique feeding is recommended for such a position.
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Ichiro MORIWAKI, Teppei HASEGAWA, Morimasa NAKAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1101-3-6
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Objective of the present study is development of a system for determining machine setting parameters of Gleason hypoid generators using a neural network. The present paper describes the method of calculating the tooth form generated by a cutter motion using a computer simulation and relationships between machine setting parameters and the tooth form. As a result, the vertical and the horizontal displacements affect only the helix angle of the cut gear. The machine root angle also changes the helix angle and affects the pressure angle and the tooth thickness as well. The helix angle and the tooth thickness also depend on the machine center to back.
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Yuji OHUE, Kiyoto FUKUDA, Atsushi MORIMOTO
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-1-1
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In order to investigate the relationship between rolling noise of casters and its use conditions, the rolling noises of bags with wheels on a flat path (linoleum floor) and a unevenness path (asphalt pavement) was measured under three kinds of loaded weights (0, 7.5, 15 kg) using a sound level meter and a PCM recorder. In spite of the conditions of the moving paths, the heavier the loaded weight become, the lower the noise became. The unevenness paths, which are the textured paving block and the asphalt pavement, caused the increase in the rolling noise level.
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Shuji HOSOKAWA, Yohei SUZUKI
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-1-2
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Thread joint slide between two clamped parts, between nut and clamped part by transverse external force. These cause loosening of thread joint. In the present study, the frictional property is examined by the experiment by using flat test piece of titanium alloy of the new screw materials. The results show that the value of coefficient of sliding friction between two titanium alloy's test pieces is μ=0.35〜0.40 and that doesn't depend on the load. Axial tension decreases by sliding repetition between nut and clamped part. But coefficient of friction reveals almost constant value.
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Shinji KASEI, Atsushi SONODA, Hirohito MATSUOKA, Makoto IMAI
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-1-3
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Few investigations have ever been carried out on this subject. The purpose of this report is to obtain basic (first step) information about this problem. The experiments basing the method of the transverse vibration type, in which M4 screws are employed as the test samples, are done up to lOOHz using a device driven by piezo actuators which was newly constructed for this study. Experiment results show that the vibration frequency much affects loosening occurrence of the samples, but those loosening appearances seem to be similar with usual bolt-nuts. Information obtained this time is useful to develop a test method of loosening for many kinds of small diameter screws.
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Susumu KUMAKURA, Ryo SAKAKIBARA, Go MATUNAHGA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-1-4
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Recently, the prevailing torque type nuts have been widely used in bolted joints for preventing self-loosening. Thus, the standards on prevailing torque type nuts are specified in JIS. However, only few researches have been reported on the effects of the prevailing torque type nuts on the self-loosening under repeated tensile loads. The effect of the antrloosening is not elucidated. In this paper, experiments were carried out to measure the self-loosening of bolted joints with four types prevailing torque-type-nuts under repeated tensile loads. As the result, it was demonstrated that the effect of the all-metal hexagon nuts with flange for preventing the self-loosening of bolted joints.
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Manabu OKADA, Susumu NOHARA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-1-5
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Recently, wheel separation accidents in such vehicles as trucks, buses and passenger cars have drawn a social concern. Explications of their causes and adequate practices of countermeasures for them have been urgently required. As main causes of wheel separation of a large-sized car, two reasons, "over-tension of wheel nuts from excessive fixing torque" and "over-loading of cargos", are pointed out. The phenomenon which a bearing surface expands radially by the plastic deformation of a fastened body depended with over-tension is a problem peculiar to a nut with spherical-form bearing surface or a taper nut. This report deals with this subject about a nut with a spherical bearing surface. In this report, the tightening experiment with spherical bearing-surface wheel nut was conducted. As the result, the characteristic about the torque of a spherical bearing-surface wheel nut was observed, and the stress near the bearing surface when tightening was measured.
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Yasutaka NAKAI, Takashi YOKOYAMA, Satoshi IZUMI, Shinsuke SAKAI, Ikuom ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-1-6
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Screw type tensioner is one of the elements that sustain the tension of the timing belt or chain. Applied vibration is transformed into rotational motion by mating thread and induced torque is transmitted between an external screw and a torsion spring. Internal screw moves in the axial direction according to the rotation of external screw and reacts to the belt or chain. In order to realize the stable operation, the stable slip behavior on the contacting thread surface is of critical importance. This study aims to clarify the contact behavior on the surface and investigate the mechanism of the tensioner by applying the three-dimensional FEM for the mechanical behavior of bolted joint subjected to axial loading. We found that the external screw proceeds with rotation in the case that after the thread part rotates in the loading process, the bottom part also rotates in the unloading process. We also observed this behavior in the experiment and confirmed that FE analysis qualitatively well reproduces the experiment.
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Shinji HASHIMURA, Shinichi UMENO, Yu KURAKAKE, Yoshihiko MORI
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-2-1
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In this study, influence of a bolt stiffness on fatigue characteristics under transverse vibration has been investigated. The experiments were performed using a few different size bolt with the same bending stiffness. The results showed that the apparent transverse fatigue limits of each bolted joint were different. Therefore it was seen that the apparent transverse fatigue limits of the bolted joint with different size are influenced on not only the bolt stiffness but also other parameters.
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Shinji HASHIMURA, Yu KURAKAKE
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-2-2
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In bolted joints subjected to transverse vibration, the lowest amplitude of the transverse vibration force in which the bolt did not break or loosen, that is the apparent fatigue limit, cannot be easily estimated although their essential fatigue limits can be estimated from specifications of the bolt. In this study, a method to predict the apparent fatigue limits from the essential fatigue limits and the tightening conditions has been proposed. In the proposed method the coefficient which is the strength by which the bolt thread is constrained by the internal thread, that is one of the tightening conditions, was only experimentally investigated. As the results of the prediction, it was verified that the proposed method is extremely useful for the prediction for the apparent fatigue limits.
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Akihiro FURUKAWA, Masaya HAGIWARA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-2-3
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A hypothesis was presented concerning the effect of the axial residual stress at the first thread root of a bolt on its fatigue strength. However, this hypothesis has not yet been verified since the residual stress which may exist locally around the thread root can neither be measured nor estimated with sufficient accuracy. The final goal of this study is to quantify the effect of the residual stress on the fatigue strength of a bolt. As the first step, the residual stress at the root of groove-rolled specimens were measured by X-ray method, and it was found that the maximum compressive residual stress was generated at the inner layer about 0.5 mm from the surface. In this report, FE analysis with simplified three-dimensional model was performed to seek the appropriate boundary conditions for two-dimensional plane strain FE analysis. The processing force calculated by plane strain analysis shows good agreement with that of simplified three-dimensional analysis and of the experiment. Finally, there is a possibility that such a residual stress distribution could be simulated by FE analysis with simple plane strain model.
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Hitoshi Toda
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-2-4
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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It is commonly believed that the damage of roller chain is mild accident. So, people undervalue the maintenance of the roller chain. But, broken roller chain invite serious accidents a few times. In this study, I introduce the roller chain accident cause for fatigue breakdown. I appeal the necessity of maintenance for prevention of accidents. I hope that the case example raise the safety awareness of people.
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Hisato TOJO, Tsutomu EZUMI
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-2-5
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Many machines depend on the rotary machines such as engines and motors for the power. However, stress analysis and intensity analysis of the solid of revolution is important, because the severity of rotary machine increases. In this study, rotating disk models having crack as defect was made from polycarbonate material, and the rotation axis was made eccentric. And the stress freezing experiment is conducted ; the observation of stress around a crack tip caused by the rotation in a stationary state is enables. By doing the analysis of the state of stress riser's stress, the relation between stress around a crack tip and amount of eccentric is clarified. The evaluation is obtained by the stress intensity factor calculated from caustics method.
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Masaki OKADA
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1102-2-6
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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I created the system which designs the contour of the noncircular gear pair which corresponds to line of free pitch curve. This system, when information of three items (number of teeth, center distance, motion curve which is sought) is given, calculates the contour of the drive gear and the follow gear geometrically, and creates the design & manufacturing data with private CAD/CAM. The feature of this calculation algorithm is to create the pitch polygon which has the apexes whose number is the same as that of the teeth. The points in creating these polygons are to entirely make the length of each side the same, and to make the average length from the center to the apex as 1/2 of the center distance.
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Tatsuya SAITO
Article type: Article
Session ID: S1103-1-1
Published: September 12, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The tribological characteristics between a slipper and a swash-plate used in a swash-plate type axial piston motor were examined experimentally. The test rig was manufactured and the flow rate, frictional torque and the displacement of the slippers were measured under the conditions of the supply pressure up to 35 MPa, the rotational speed of 0-13.3 rps, and the oil temperature of 30-60℃. The motion of the slippers was spin or revolution. The tilting angle of the swash-plate was corresponding to 0 degree. As the supply pressure and the rotational speed increased, the torque became large. As the pressure increased and the oil temperature rose, the flow rate increased ; but the flow rate was independent of the speed.
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