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Volume 37, Issue 3
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[in Japanese]2013 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 199-
Published: September 10, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (180K) -
Yukie SONOBE, Kimiko TAKIZAWA, Kimiko MURAKAMI-MUROFUSHI2013 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 200-207
Published: September 10, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied the practical effects a program introducing profiles of famous scientists had on students' interest in science, scientists and the progress of science and technology. We examined the students' interest before and after the lessons, and evaluated the rate of the students who correctly answered related questions. We found that this program enhanced students' interests in the lessons, and is effective in increasing their interest in science and scientists. All students, especially the ones who had less interest in science, changed their consciousness regarding science and scientists, and received higher scores in the achievement test administered after this program.View full abstractDownload PDF (990K) -
Akio NINOMIYA2013 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 208-214
Published: September 10, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the case of the reaction of a metal plate and reagent in a solution, attention was given to ions and molecules in the learning of oxidation and reduction in senior high school, while the surface state of the metal plate was hardly noticed. The author reported that the surface was blackened by the reaction of a copper plate with a thermal-concentrated sulfuric acid or with concentrated nitric acid. Copper is not dissolved in hydrochloric acid alone, but it was dissolved easily in hydrochloric acid with the addition of hydrogen peroxide. In viewing the surface of the copper, the author found that the white color periodically appeared on the surface of the copper plate in the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The purpose of this study is to clarify the condition for observing the periodical change. It showed that the white material was identified to be copper (I) chloride, and that it changed and dissolved into a green copper (II) chloride. Learning about oxidation at senior high school will be made more interesting by observing whitened copper plates of thin composition in a concentration of the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide periodically and dramatically.View full abstractDownload PDF (5307K) -
Hideto OKUYAMA, Chiharu TANAKA, Shin-ichi SAGA, Naomi SUGIMURA, Tomomi ...2013 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 215-225
Published: September 10, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSASAHIYAMA Zoo has been holding The Penguin Walk during the snow season since 2002. The Penguin Walk is an event where the visitors can see the penguins walking around inside the zoo. The event is aimed at raising visitors' interest in wild penguins and their awareness of coexistence with wildlife. Therefore, it not only exhibits penguins but also explains about penguins' lifestyle and environmental issues. In this study, the visitors were surveyed about their perceptions of and interest in penguins by questionnaire and interview. Furthermore, we made a comparison of visitors who had heard the explanation, and those who had not. The questionnaire had 353 respondents, while 47 people were interviewed. The visitors who had not heard the explanation viewed the penguins as pets and were interested in touching them and seeing a penguin show. Meanwhile, the visitors who had heard the explanation saw the penguins as wildlife, and their interest inclined toward ecology and environmental issues regarding penguins. Therefore, we suggest that it is important to exhibit penguins as wildlife and to explain about them to visitors in order to raise visitors' awareness of their coexistence with wildlife.View full abstractDownload PDF (9836K) -
Hideki IWASAKI, Koji OTAKI, Yuki SUGINOMOTO, Hideki IWACHIDO2013 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 226-234
Published: September 10, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGeometrical demonstration is still difficult to teach in Japanese junior high school although it is considered the foundation of mathematical literacy in the sense of PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment). Today almost all junior high school students go on to senior high school and so the curriculum on demonstration should be designed throughout secondary education. We developed a mathematical activity-based teaching material on demonstration with the idea of a consistent secondary education. The educational survey was designed to show current problems about teaching demonstration through the teaching material. More specifically, Sylvester's theorem: the number of representations of a number n as a sum of consecutive numbers is equal to the number of odd divisors of n, is arranged for teaching demonstration, and then the development of mathematical cognition of proof is formularized under Sfard's conception theory. As a consequence, it has clarified issues regarding first year students' cognition of demonstration in a mathematics education course.View full abstractDownload PDF (942K) -
Isao EBISAKI, Yasufumi KAWAMURA, Yu MATSUMOTO2013 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 235-243
Published: September 10, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simulated class was introduced in the course Teaching Method of Science, a subject which targets students who wish to be a science teacher, where each simulated class was done by a team of several students. The purpose of this course is to help participants gain confidence in the science guide in general and the science observation and experiment guide, but the question is, how many students in a team are most effective in improving their confidence? We developed a unique technique to analyze the most effective number of students in a team, which can also be used in cases where a group cannot be divided into teams because of small group size. We report the results in this paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (931K) -
Masakata OGAWA2013 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 244-255
Published: September 10, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUnemployment of PhDs (including Post-Docs) in the labor market has been one of the major concerns for science and technology policy in Japan. In order to cope with the situation, several policy measures for universities and research institutions hiring PhDs have been developed and implemented, but their outcomes are not yet visible. In contrast, there are countries where the unemployment rate of PhDs is quite low. Finland is one of such countries. The purpose of this case study is to investigate what are the major differences in the circumstances surrounding PhDs' employability issues compared with those in Japan. The study was mainly based upon visitations and interviews of key persons at two Finnish Universities (University of Oulu, and University of Helsinki) in early summer of 2012, with relevant documents obtained during the visitations. One of the main findings is that stakeholders of PhD education programs (professors, program coordinators, students, university administrators, government personnel, and private sectors) were profoundly and extensively aware of the importance and necessity of components on 'working life skills (transferable skills)' development within official PhD education programs. Also described is the status quo of such 'working life skills' components in Finnish PhD education programs as well as their struggles with the new doctoral education system itself.View full abstractDownload PDF (1465K) -
Toshiaki NAKABAYASHI2013 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 256-263
Published: September 10, 2013
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to investigate issues regarding the improvement of teaching skills in earth science. I conducted an attitude survey of elementary school teachers who teach in Tsukubamirai, Ibaraki prefecture. This survey relates to the "fact-finding of elementary school science education" that the Japan Science and the Technology Agency and National Institute for Educational Policy Research carried out. I performed a more detailed analysis of the teaching conditions of present teachers. The result shows that teachers feel that it is difficult to teach earth science and that there are few opportunities to learn earth science at a young age. Each organization is trying to support the improvement of earth science instruction for elementary school teachers, however it has become clear that further support is necessary.View full abstractDownload PDF (1229K)
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