School curricula have been decided through discussions among teachers of different subjects. So it is also desirable to take into account the views of teachers of Mathmatics curricula, so as to examine the rols of Mathmatics education in the formation of students' character. I have conducted a nation - wide survey on highschool teachers and got 3,327 answers. Dividing the answers into two groups - one from Mathematics teachers and the other from teachers of other subjects - I am going to give them a comparative analysis, intending to clarify the tendencies in the mental attitudes of teachers in both groups.
At first we give a brief of the Instructional Structure Analysis following the historical development and an introduction to the fuzzy theory. Then we explain how to obtain the learning process of students based on the test data and to represent it as a fuzzy graph F__∼. Finally, we extract the global characteristics from F__∼ by applying the fuzzy theory and use it to verify and/or modify the logical instructional structure. We also present a case study about the order relations concerning quadratic equations, quadratic inequalities and graphs of quadratic functions. We add rather complete literatures concerning the related topics.
Development of the environmental education in the United States is on a higher stage than that in Japan. In this study, we examine the trend of the environmental education in the United States based on extensive literature. Namely, the following subjects are considered. 1. National policy : (1) Activities of Department of Education related to Environmental Education Act and Education Consolidation and Improvement Act. (2) Activities of Department of Agriculture. 2. State Policy : (1) Environmental education coordinator. (2) Citizen's paticipant to environmental education. (3) Teacher education. In conclusion, we suggest a way for improving the environmental education in Japan. (1) Utilization of information and human resources in environmental organization for environmental administration. (2) Introducing of environmental education intern as preservice teacher education