Journal of Science Education in Japan
Online ISSN : 2188-5338
Print ISSN : 0386-4553
ISSN-L : 0386-4553
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Volume 39, Issue 1
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Research Article
  • A Study on How to Improve the Ability to Find out a Common Feature among Modules: In a Saturation between Concentration and Humidity
    Toshiyuki ISHII, Yoshihiko HASHIMOTO
    2015 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 2-10
    Published: 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14935/jssej.39.2
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the commonality and the difference between the module of concentration in the first grade and module of humidity in the second grade in lower secondary school, and to demonstrate how to teach them to the students effectively.
    The results of this investigation revealed the following points:
    1)Students’ awareness can be divided into three levels. The first (A stage) is the one gained by the students’ own study. The second (B stage) is the one gained by some information from outside. The third (C stage) is the one not gained yet.
    2)There are significant differences between the A, B, and C stages on average in the concentration and humidity tests and the scholastic abilities of students, A Stage being highest, followed by the B and C stages.
    3)In order to promote students to advance their stages of awareness, science teachers should analyze modules from the point of commonalities. They should also teach students about commonalities intentionally. It is necessary to promote students to improve their stage of awareness through the keyword of commonalities.
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  • Development of teaching materials and practice using purple sprout to combine experiments in the biological and chemical subjects in junior high school
    Atsushi OHASHI
    2015 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 11-18
    Published: 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14935/jssej.39.11
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    An experiment using a plant of purple sprout and soil of ‘mebae gel’ were developed in order to obtain interdisciplinary teaching materials straddling biological and chemical studies. The improved cultivation method using the gel made it possible to observe the growth of the roots easily and obtain anthocyanin from the plant effectively. Moreover, the hardness of water can be analyzed quantitatively using a solution of anthocyanin. The experiments were undertaken in a junior high school and confirmed that these teaching materials are effective.
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  • Development of a New Teaching Tool Aided by ICT for Pupils to Form a Basic Concept of Insect Morphology
    Mamoru KOIKE, Akira KAMOSHITA, Yuuki KOMATSUDA, Hiroki SATO, Mitsuru N ...
    2015 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 19-31
    Published: 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14935/jssej.39.19
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    In this study a new teaching tool aided by ICT was developed for pupils to form a basic concept of insect morphology in elementary school. This tool consists of eighteen panels of heads, thoraxes and abdomens for six kinds of insects (dragonfly, butterfly, fly, honeybee, cicada, mosquito), which are familiar drawings shown in third-grade science textbooks in elementary school. Like a slot machine, three drawings of the head, thorax and abdomen of a given insect must be put together on a PC. This tool was tested for third grade pupils (experimental group) in science class of a public elementary school. Pupils of the same grade (control group) took a conventional lesson in science class. Analyses of answers from questionnaires administered to pupils of both groups showed the following three points: 1) Pupils of the experimental group had much better understanding of the insect morphology when compared with those of the control group. 2) Our teaching tool promoted the learning motivation of the pupils. 3) Pupils of the experimental group pointed out both personal learning and repeated learning as reasons for their better understanding of the learning content in science class. It is thus suggested that our teaching tool is useful for pupils to form a basic concept of insect morphology in elementary school.
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  • Evaluating a MANGA-Case Method Teaching Material for Elementary Teacher Candidates to Acquire the Experimental Skills and Understanding of the Experiment Method: Experimental Study with Electricity Basics Using a Manual Electric Generator and Condenser
    Takafumi DAIKOKU, Makiko TAKENAKA, Hideo FUNAOI, Tomokazu YAMAMOTO, Fu ...
    2015 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 32-41
    Published: 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14935/jssej.39.32
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    We are developing a learning course with MANGA-Case method teaching material to acquire basic knowledge on experiments and their instruction tactics for elementary teacher candidates. The target experiment is Evaluating a MANGA-Case Method Teaching Material for the Experimental Skills and Understanding of the Experiment Method. The content is electricity basics using a manual electric generator and condenser. We conducted experiments with 57 teacher candidates as subjects, who are affiliated with two national and two private universities. The subjects were required to read the MANGA and then practice the targeted experiment with the manual electric generator. We evaluated the subjects’ learning levels by 1) descriptions of the points of the target experiments and 2) practices with a real generator. We focused on the understanding of experimental procedures and their practical behaviors. From standard statistical analysis, the experiment group with The MANGA was superior or equal to the control group with a conventional text, in the sense of knowledge and practical skills about the target experiment. The results suggest that our learning course with MANGA is effective in university education.
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  • A Study on How to Improve Comprehension of Pressure in Science: Using the Study of Inverse Proportion in Mathematics
    Toshiyuki ISHII
    2015 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 42-51
    Published: 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14935/jssej.39.42
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The purpose of this study was to find difficulties in the comprehension of the science module of pressure and the mathematics module of inverse proportion in first grade lower secondary school, and to demonstrate how to make effective use of them in instruction.
    The results of this investigation revealed the following points:
    1) Many students had difficulties in the complexity of two variables: the size of pressure and its area. Furthermore, they did not understand the real meaning of the formula of pressure added with new signs and units.
    2) The ability to write the formula of pressure in literal expression turned out to significantly affect creating tables and making graphs out of the tables.
    Therefore, in the instruction of pressure in science, teachers must lead the class to make better use of the study of transformation of formulae and inverse proportion in mathematics, getting them to pay attention to new signs and units, and comprehend the meaning of the formula of pressure so that they may apply it more easily.
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