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Volume 12, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1988 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 127-
Published: December 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (194K) -
[in Japanese]1988 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 128-136
Published: December 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn innovative plan for integrating science and social studies at the first and second grades of elementary schools in Japan is now in progress. The name of the new school subject is “Life Study”. There are many countries in Europe in which science is not a single school subject at lower grades of elementary schools. On the contrary, it should be recognized as an epoch-making decision that science has been a single school subject at the first and second grades of elementary schools in Japan since the Second World War. For developing the new school subject of “Life Study”, the problems must be quickly discussed and solved how scientific contents should be introduced, and how scientific topics should be integrated with social phenomena surrounding children’s real life. In this paper, the opinions and philosophies of nature study by L. H. Bailey, Lebensgemeinschaft by F. Junge, and heuristic method by H. E. Armstrong that had contributed to the establishment of philosophy and teaching method at elementary schools and elementary school science are reconsidered to get the ideas for developing the new integrated school subject of “Life Study”.View full abstractDownload PDF (1151K) -
[in Japanese]1988 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 137-142
Published: December 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (617K) -
Ken'ichi IIDA, Yujiro OHBA1988 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 143-148
Published: December 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiment on operational amplifier and analog computer, which is given for the second year student in the science and technology course at Keio University, is described. The aims of this experiment are 1. to make students understand how to express phenomena in physics and engineering by differential equations and how to solve the equations. 2. to make students become familiar with simulation technique. The contents of this experiment are devided into two parts. Three hours experimental work is alloted for each part. In the first part, the basic computations, such as addition, constant multiplication and integration, are included. In the second, solving method of several kinds of differential equations is included. Students carry on the experiments, constituting a circuit corresponding to each computation and getting results on XY-recorder.View full abstractDownload PDF (597K) -
Kenji TANAKA, Seiji KAKIHARA, Toshitsugu YONAMIArticle type: Thesis
1988 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 149-157
Published: December 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the lower secondary edutation, "Computer Literacy" in USA, "Computer Studies" in UK, and "Informatik" in FRG are taken up as research materials. Computer Literacy is a required subject in Texas, Computer Studies an elective subject in Southern Examining Group, and Informatik a required elective subject for Realschule in Bayern. Next, the objectives and contents of these subjects are classified into generally accepted categories, i.e., Knowledge, Skill and Attitude; Hardware, Software and Social Aspect, and then analyzed. Among the objectives, the fundamental knowledge of computer is required by all three countries. The proportion of Attitude in USA presents what corresponds to Attitude in UK, as Knowledge. This difference is dependent on how the effects of computer on society are dealt with. Concerning contents, all three countries require, (1) for Software, the syntax of computer language and programming methodology, (2) for Social Aspect, the security of data. In these circumstances, the differences among the three countries, or a required, a required elective, and an elective subject; are thought to depend upon: (1) whether or not the skill to freely operate the computer and commercial software should be treated. (2) whether or not the history of the computer should be included, (3) to what extent the social problems should be considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (874K) -
JUN NISHIKAWA1988 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 158-165
Published: December 10, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEarlier works demonstrated that Ss utilize a "paralogic" rather than a logician's logic in constructing linear orders. In this study, the finding was inspected in a case of constructing linear order of time series. Ss received two premises specifying an order of age among three men followed by a question. The difficulty of solving a linear syllogism is measured by the percentage of Ss able to answer the question. Variations in difficulty of alternative forms of the problem were investigated. Ss received statements like Taro was born before Jiro. They were instructed to write the names in two dimensional space. Results are as follows. (1) People learn a time series more readily from past to present than form present to past within premises. (2) Relation word does not decided difficulty of solving a linear syllogism. It is decided by logical meaning. (3) Time series are tied to specific axes and directions.View full abstractDownload PDF (914K)
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