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Volume 34 (2000)
- Issue 4 Pages 351-
- Issue 3 Pages 231-
- Issue 2 Pages 113-
- Issue 1 Pages 5-
Volume 34, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Motoji Takahashi2000 Volume 34 Issue 1 Pages 5-24
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany techniques have been developed to measure non-invasively ranging from physical to physiological properties of the skin i.e. mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, photoacoustic properties, perspiration, sebum secretion, blood flow, and skin metabolic rate. They are applied to the efficacy test of cosmetic products and ingredients, or to the examination and the classification of skin condition. In this paper each method which measure skin surface topography, skin hydration, barrier function, turnover time of stratum corneum, parakeratosis, free amino acids in stratum corneum, wrinkle, spots and skin internal structure (ultrasound techniques and in vivo confocal microscopy) is described from the standpoint of the principle and application.View full abstractDownload PDF (4819K) -
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Fragrance Materials and Aromas Used as a Tool of Non-Verbal CommunicationToru Asakoshi2000 Volume 34 Issue 1 Pages 25-46
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn general, odors are everything one can sense while aromas are something which will give comfort and relaxation. Whether particular aroma is said to be good or bad will largely depends on ones' own personal experiences or cultural background. Fragrance materials are narrowly defined as products handled by the fragrance industry, while more broadly, they are everything which will bring about aromas. Primary objective of the use of fragrance materials in the final products is of course to help enhance an artistic value, attractiveness or comfortness of such products. This is basically what the fragrances are for. In addition to these, they also possess many other functions. Of these, I will discuss the antibacterial and antioxidantive aspects which are said to be two of the most representative functions. As we become more keenly aware now that we are being exposed to the counterattack by microorganisms and to the harmful sunlight or being damaged by the oxygen, the studies on these characteristics are getting attention among researchers. As the same time. I will discuss also the role of aromas in terms of non-verbal communication as viewed in a cultural context. It should he reminded once again that the very basic and essential function of fragrance materials is after all to give aromas.View full abstractDownload PDF (3375K) -
Yasunobu Ochiai, Kousuke Torii, Yuri Okano, Hitoshi Masaki2000 Volume 34 Issue 1 Pages 47-54
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been reported that α-MSH and Endothelin-1, which are secreted from keratinocytes or melanocytes by UV irradiation, are responsible for the pigmentation of skin according to the increasing of tyrosinase activity. To prevent or improve the pigmentation due to UV-irradiation. we notice the blocking of the actions induced by α-MSH or Endothelin-1. In this study, we established a convenient evaluation method for the blocking of the cytokine-induced reactions. The tyrosinase activity in normal human melanocytes was used as an index of the cytokine-induced reaction. With this method, it was found that certain plant extracts showed the blocking effect for increasing tyrosinase activity, Artemisia capillaris Thunberg and Sanguisorba officinalis L. for α-MSH and Achillea millefolium L., Carthamus tinctorius L., Eupatorium fortunei Turcz, Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. and Thymus vulgaris L. for Endothelin-1. No alterations of these plants on tyrosinase activity in normal human melanocytes suggested that the blocking on the cytokine action contributed to their effects.View full abstractDownload PDF (1141K) -
Kazuhiro Ishida, Masaki Okuyama, Yuki Mizutani, Shigeyoshi Momose2000 Volume 34 Issue 1 Pages 55-62
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo prevent sedimentation of inorganic pigments used in nail enamels, we studied a surface treatment of the pigment, using a titanium dioxide. We selected a variety of fluorides to improve the electrostatic repulsion by the pigment's surface charge and adsorption of resins on the pigment surface. The result indicated that the pigments had excellent electrostatic repulsion as well as excellent resin adsorption. Our experiments with pigment dispersion containing these pigments confirmed that the particle diameter did not change with time and that pigment aggregation did not occur. Nail enamels formulated with these pigments offer extremely stable dispersion. Within this group, pigments surface treated with perfluoroalkyl phosphate were the most effective in preventing sedimentation and that a dispersion stability of 5 times or longer than the conventional life cycle could be obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (1292K) -
Satoshi Ogawa, Kazuki Fujii, Katsumi Kaneyama, Kozo Arai, Kyohei Joko2000 Volume 34 Issue 1 Pages 63-71
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method for permanent hair straightening was studied by applying a heat iron technique to the hairs reduced with a solution containing thioglycolic acid (TGA) and dithiodiglycolic acid (DTDG) before oxidation treatment. The effectiveness of straightening was evaluated as a function of the degree of supercontraction observed on the treatment hairs, which was greatly dependent on pH and the concentrations of TGA and DTDG in reducing system. On the experimental and practical bases, a range of around 5 to 8% supercontraction was found to be necessary to achieve successful permanent hair straightening. High pressure differential scanning calorimetry was used to estimate the α-helix content. From the relationship between the melting enthalpy and the degree of supercontraction of the hair, an important suggestion was made that the supercontraction within 10% is caused by the randomization of the α-helix, and permanency related to the hair straightening is a result of the transformation of α-crystal phase into amorphous phase.View full abstractDownload PDF (1884K)
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