Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan
Online ISSN : 1884-4146
Print ISSN : 0387-5253
ISSN-L : 0387-5253
Volume 28, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
  • Masako Fujitsu, Takamitsu Tamura, Masahiro Fukuda
    1994 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 3-10
    Published: June 30, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Washing can be defined as the removal of unnecessary substances, namely soils, from a substrate surface. The removal processes of the soils by aqueous media including surfactants, especially in the system of the oily soils and the hard surfaces, are known to proceed through rolling-up, solubilization, and emulsification. In actual fact, they are entangled phenomena and not yet exactly understood. Although colloid chemical factors shown above depend mainly on the structural feature of the surfactant molecules, it is also important to utilize the characteristic feature of the assembled structures of surfactants in solutions. The structural effects of microemulsions on the removal of the oily soils will be demonstrated in this paper.
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  • Shin'ya Nagasawa
    1994 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 11-22
    Published: June 30, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently sensory quality or ‘kansei’ quality has been focused on in any product such as cosmetics or automobile because the richness of lifestyle, comfort, performance and usability are given a lot of importance. Unlike an objective measurement using a physical or chemical method, we human being really feel them and sometimes they say “fairly like it” or “fifty-fifty” rather than say “I like it” or “I dislike it” alternatively.
    So this paper discusses issues of sensory evaluation or ‘kansei’ evaluation of merchandise. The issues which this paper argues are as follows:
    1) difinition of sensory evaluation and ‘kansei’ evaluation
    2) characteristics of sensory/‘kansei’ evaluation
    3) managerial attention of sensory/‘kansei’ evaluation of merchandise
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  • Hachiro Tagami
    1994 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 23-30
    Published: June 30, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Yoshihiro Matsuyama, Toshihiro Sakano, Kazuyuki Ohnishi, Nobuki Fujiwa ...
    1994 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 31-37
    Published: June 30, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Four perfumes which volatilize relatively readily (leaf alcohol, d-limonene, n-nonyl aldehyde and l-rose oxide) were dissolved in aqueous ethanol and the volatility behaviors of these perfumes were examined with headspace gas chromatography.
    Keratin powder and cellulose powder were used as supports for perfuming. As the result, it was ascertained that the differences of the treated supports were measured by using keratin powder and cellulose powder. It was confirmed that the differences in characteristics of perfumes occur when different supports were used.
    When the water/ethanol ratio in aqueous ethanol was varied, rate of volatility remained relatively constant. However, concentration of each perfume in vapor phase was altered.
    The effect of the use of low vapor pressure solvents (benzyl benzoate, diethyl phthalate, dipropylene glycol, liquid isoparaffin, and decamethyl cyclopentasiloxane) was examined. As the result, liquid isoparaffin and decamethyl cyclopentasiloxane showed retentive effects.
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  • Takeshi Ikemoto, Akio Gotoh, Kazuo Ogino, Masayoshi Inui
    1994 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 38-43
    Published: June 30, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    NMR and DSC measurments were employed to discuss the structural change of water-ethanol mixtures.
    Freshly mixed 50wt% of ethanol solution was compared with that of aged for 4 years in a European oak barrel. After aging, the line width at half height of water oxygen signal became narrow on the 17O-NMR and the hydroxy groups of water and ethanol appeared as coalescent signal on 1H-NMR measurment. On DSC measurments, exothermal peak at about -50°C which ascribed to the melting of strongly interacted water and ethanol became extremely increased. And further observation on the effects of some glycoside derivatives on the structure of water-ethanol solutions were discussed. In these studies, just adding ethyl β-D-glucopyranoside showed the similar patterns both on NMR spectra and DSC thermogram with those of after aging solution in the barrel. These results are suggested that ethyl β-D-glucopyranoside promotes to change the structure of water-ethanol solution to that of after aging one.
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  • Kazuhiro Suetsugu, Hideko Shiraishi, Aiko Izumi, Hiroshi Tanaka, Atsus ...
    1994 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 44-56
    Published: June 30, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A large variety of microorganisms such as Propionibacterium acnes and Staphlococcus epidermidis exist on the human skin surface, forming a skin microbial flora. This flora is likely to influence the skin surface defence and the skin surface condition. This report covers the correlation between the skin microbial flora and the skin surface condition.
    We found that the larger numbers of P. acnes are concerned in the worsening of skin surface condition. The skin condition closely correlated to the amount of free fatty acids on the skin, and also we found that the larger quantity of the free fatty acids leads the worsening of skin surface condition. These results suggest that the lipase of P. acnes may hydrolyze triglycerides on the skin surface into the free fatty acids which irritate the skin.
    On the other hand, we found that both S. epidermidis itself and the peptides produced from various proteins by S. epidermidis have high antioxidative activity. This result suggests that S. epidermidis protects the lipids on the skin from oxidation caused by e. g. ultraviolet rays.
    From these results we suggest that P. acnes make worse the skin surface condition, whereas S. epidermidis serves an important function of prevention of the worsening of the skin condition by harmful lipids peroxides.
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  • Yuji Kimura, Kikue Nakamura, Ken-ichi Tomihara, Yoshinobu Nakamura
    1994 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 57-65
    Published: June 30, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to widely investigate the reducing effects of protein denaturing potency of ionic and amphoteric surfactants by introducing oxyethylene residue in their structures, we synthesized 15 surfactants of five families, so called, [F-1] Dodecyl sulfate and dodecyl poly (ave. 2 and 4) oxyethylene sulfates, [F-2] N-dodecyl betain and N-dodecyl poly (ave. 2 and 4) oxyethylene betains, [F-3] N-tetradecyl betain and N-tetradecyl poly (avc. 2 and 4) oxyethylene betains [F-4] N-dodecyl-N, N-dimethyl amine oxide and N-dodecyl poly (ave. 2 and 4) oxyethylene-N, N-dimethyl amine oxides, and [F-5] N-dodecyl-N, N, N-trimethyl ammonium chloride and N-dodecyl poly (ave. 2 and 4) oxyethylene-N, N, N-trimethyl ammonium chlorides.
    The albumin protein denaturing potencies of these surfactants were measured on various concentrations.
    In above five families, especially in the case of [F-2], [F-3] and [F-4] we found that introducing oxyethylene residue in their structures gave remarkable reducing effects of albumine denaturing potencies.
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  • Zentaro Shinjo, Masanao Sadai, Akira Nakamura, Naoki Nishikawa
    1994 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 66-76
    Published: June 30, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to determine the effects of UV radiation on the hair cuticle, observations were made, by means of environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), of cuticle cell lifting at the knot of a single hair in which a certain level of tension was produced by the tying of the knot.
    In hair exposed to solar radiation, or to UVA or UVB irradiation, cuticle cell lifting was produced in proportion to the dose of UV radiation. It was shown that UVB produced most marked effect, whereas unirradiated hair revealed little change in cell lifting.
    Observations made using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that there was a tissue change in δ-band in the cell membrane complex (CMC) of the cuticle of UV irradiated hair, and that this was the major site of lifting. Also, electron staining at the endocuticle was less than was the case with unirradiated hair, a clear indication that the hair underwent denaturation. Moreover, there were gaps in some parts of the endocuticle layer.
    It was found that the rate of swelling of UV irradiated hair was reduced when it was soaked in a 5% thioglychollic acid solution (pH 9.6). This could be explained by the mechanism that a denaturation of δ-band and endocuticle, the non-keratinous tissue of the cuticle, caused reduced permeability of the UV irradiated hair.
    All these findings seem to suggest that the cuticle will lose its strength as a result of the decomposition of the constitutive amino acids, such as cystin, caused by UV irradiation, and the relatively flexible non-keratinous tissue (δ-band, endocuticle) will denature, losing its flexibility.
    Moreover, a similar examination of permed and bleached hair revealed no marked degree of cuticle lifting in either of them, and showed that the reduced flexibility of the cuticle was a form of damage peculiar to UV irradiation.
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  • Yuichi Nishida, Shuji Iwao, Masatsugu Miyazaki
    1994 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 77-83
    Published: June 30, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present study relates to the effects of Solubitan laurate (SL-10) and Amphoteric methacrylic copolymer (YUKAFORMER) on dissolution and crystallization of Glyceryl monopentadecanote (PDG) in ethanol.
    Because of the poor solubility, PDG tends to precipitate from ethanol at low temperature (below 10°C). To improve the solution stability, it was found that the addition of SL-10 and YUKAFORMER inhibit the precipitation of PDG from the ethanol solution even at -10°C-+25°C.
    The following mechanism of the stabilization has been assessed by using DSC, Dynamic light scattering, analyzing the precipitates.
    (1) SL-10 and YUKAFORMER formed molecular assembly with PDG to prevent the formation and growth of PDG crystal.
    (2) YUKAFORMER having a lot of hydrophiric groups in the molecule changed the hydrophobic of the molecular assembly to increase the solubility at low temperature in ethanol.
    The observation is supported by the Molecular Mechanics calculations.
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