In this paper, we analyze the regional structure by using migration data of matriculates between prefectures. We analyze the data using the method of Huff’s model through three stages which differs in the way of setting unknown coefficients. Unknowns at the first stage are "Distance attenuation coefficient" and "Regional coefficients". "Regional coefficients" are proportional to their attractions. The distance attenuation coefficient is fixed at the second stage, and only regional coefficients are set to unknowns. At the third stage, regional coefficients are also set to given, virtual maps of matriculate’s migration is shown by the method of applying the multi-dimensional scaling method.

School basic survey (1993-2007) is used for the data of the migration of matriculates. The number of matriculate’s migrations decreases in proportion to the distance. Because a lot of matriculates come from the self-prefecture, we focus it on this number. Finally, we analyze time series of virtual maps of matriculate’s migration.

There is an increasing awareness that the disclosure of the detailed land price information is significant to establish land markets with a high level of transparency and fairness. However, the public land price datasets, both the officially assessed land price data and the transaction price data, are not providing enough information for all land market participants. Thus, it is necessary to estimate the land prices of any land lots using the spatially and temporally collected land price data. In this study, we focus on spatio-temporal kriging, one of interpolation techniques using spatio-temporal data. We apply the spatio-temporal universal kriging to the officially accessed land price data in Tokyo 23 wards in 33 years, and empirically analyze the applicability of spatio-temporal kriging. Then we visualize the land price distribution in time and space.

Local government of Kiyotake Town, Miyazaki prefecture, and the authors were maintaining a joint research on Spatial Temporal GIS that is called DiMSIS (Disaster Management Spatial Information System), when the Town was directly struck by HPAI in 2007. The Town could contain the disease very successfully. The Town utilized the DiMSIS for Emergency response. Although this case was the containment of HPAI, it includes the lesson that is applicability of GIS for crisis management of local government. The present paper describes how the DiMSIS utilization for containment of HPAI and examines factors that made major contribution.

In the field of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED), it is said that natural surveillance, which means that building occupants or passersby keep a lookout for potential crime offenders in natural ways, is important for crime prevention in urban areas. Recently, methods for modeling natural surveillance have been developed. However, by the existing methods, it is difficult to measure natural surveillance with both high resolution and efficiency. Therefore, this research aims to develop methods for mapping natural surveillance in urban areas with higher resolution and more efficiency than existing methods. We propose methods for mapping natural surveillance by measuring visibility in urban areas using a hand truck equipped with laser scanners and GPS. In experiments, we demonstrate our methods are useful for mapping natural surveillance from roads on GIS in 3-D with higher resolution and more efficiency than existing methods.

The purpose of this study is to estimate the adverse effects on ecosystems by the acid deposition of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the Asian region. The source-receptor relationships of the model of long-range transportation, ATMOS-N, were used to calculate the wet/dry deposition of the nitrogen (N) in Asia with the emission inventory, REAS. Critical loads of N deposition in Asia were calculated from the relationships between the critical load of sulfur (S) and balance of N in and out using the data of critical load of S of RAINS-ASIA, the digital vegetation data of Global Land Cover Characteristics Database of USGS and the digital soil data of FAO Digital Soil Map of the World. In order to assess the environmental impact, the gaps between N deposition and critical load of N were calculated.

Systematic survey preparation and data analysis are required for conducting efficient research on forested mountains because investigating many streams in such an environment is difficult. A methodology of GIS utilization for surveying and analyzing nitrogen leaching in headwaters was demonstrated in this paper. Firstly, support maps for the Tanzawa Mountains, Southern Kanto District, Japan, were created for effective data collection by field surveys. Then, contributions of catchment properties to N-leaching were investigated by spatial analysis using fine-scale terrain data. Finally, N-leaching prediction maps were created for decision-support.

The theory, which the Jomon culture with high population density prospered in the deciduous forest zone in the north east of Japanese chain of islands, has been widely accepted. However, many Jomon ruins have found in such ever green forest zones as Kanto, Tokai and Kyushu. We have assumed a hypothesis that Jomon ruins have tendency to locate on heights covered with black soils (volcanic ash combined with decayed plants) without depending on deference of forest zones. The ruins data base of Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties were referred and the acquired data were collated with GIS maps of soils and land forms. We have found that our hypothesis is well proved. It is also observed that shell mounds contribute to the settlements of Jomon societies.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate accessibility to cultural heritages in road blockade caused by earthquakes in Kyoto City. In order to predict accurate road blockade distributions, we construct a simulation model to estimate detailed attributes of each building by combining multiple data sets and thereafter simulate the collapses based on them. As a result, 8% of cultural heritages cannot be reached at all and another 8% at only 20% due to the blockade. These results suggest approximately 20% of cultural heritages are at high risk of being burned out by fire disasters and therefore, disaster mitigation strategies such as on-site fire extinguishers are needed.

The Rapid Survey Maps are the first modern cartographical map series of Japan. These maps were surveyed in early Meiji Era. Especially, in the map series of the Kanto Plain, land use is shown by color. These maps provide valuable information about traditional landscapes, hazard assessment, biodiversity conservation, and agricultural land use in early modern Japan. We developed a Web-GIS System to publicize the Rapid Survey Maps of the Kanto Plain using FOSS4G. We named this system the Historical Agro-Environment Browsing System (HABS).

First, we mosaiced and georeferenced 900 maps of the Rapid Survey Maps. The HABS provides two ways to browse map data. One is a web-based interface, the other is a KMZ file for Google Earth. In the web-based interface, we use GeoServer as the GIS server and OpenLayers as the client. We also use GeoWebCache to improve performance. We use GDAL2Tiles to generate tile files and the KMZ file for Google Earth.

Intelligence sharing using the GIS technology provides an indispensable capability to assist in the pre-event preparation and post-event conduct of emergency operations. Experiences and discussions on the recent earthquake disasters of Niigata and Fukuoka in Japan have let us propose a data-sharing system to support development of a universal and sustainable data model for disaster response. The proposed system, which consists of Data-Storage, GIS Node and GIS Portal servers with Wiki and GIS technologies, transforms from autonomous distributed systems to a virtual integrated system according to the emergency response cycle. In a case study of Kyushu University, the developed system has made it possible to develop the data model to support not only the facility management but also the disaster response.

This paper considers k -centrum criterion location model in a planar space. This criterion to be minimized is the sum of the k largest traveling costs. So that it generalizes the mini-sum criterion, which minimizes the sum of the all traveling costs, and the mini-max criterion, which minimizes the largest traveling costs, so it contains explicitly the tradeoff between both criteria. We characterize the optimal solution and the contour lines associated with the model. Then we exhibit its geometrical solution procedure based on higher-order Voronoi diagrams, taking account of the convexity of its objective function. Finally, we apply this location model to two prefectures in the north part of Kanto Region, in which the migration is serious.

Residents' subjective evaluation for social-psychological characteristics of residential environment was analyzed, using survey data of residential preference of 2000 people who recently bought houses in the Tokyo metropolitan areas. Firstly, some main factors of "social-psychological evaluation", such as image of town etc., were extracted by factor analysis. Secondly, by comparison of residents' evaluations of 9 areas along railway lines, regional difference of image of town was found. Thirdly, multiple regression analysis indicated that those who have higher preference for image of town in general tend to be highly satisfied with the image of their own residential environment, after choosing their houses. This study empirically clarified the importance of considering resident's "social-psychological evaluation" when examining evaluation for residential environment.