This paper discusses possibility of the estimation of the past population distribution pattern from old topographical maps. This estimation aims to make Basic Grid Square Spaces (BGSS) population distribution data that can be available in GIS. In the past, no reliable statistical material exists except topographical maps published in many regions, which are showing villages clearly. An efficient method of the estimation of the past population pattern from the maps will provide the way to analyze long time-space population movement in detail.
We tried to estimate population distribution in the Meiji-Era at the selected area of East-Biwako area (Koto Plain) in Shiga-Prefecture, firstly by point sampling of buildings drawn in the maps, then using GIS (ArcView). The result shows that it is possible to estimate population distribution at that time with pretty accuracy and adapt it to other time and other regions.

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This article is to clarify the consistency of building usage by the City Planning Basic Survey. To this end, we compared the Tokyo Metropolitan Government City Planning Map Systems (TMG-GIS) with the digital map data of fixed property tax (FPT-digital map) in M city of the Tama area of Tokyo.
First, we classified building polygons of TMG-GIS and FPT-digital map into spatially identical and non-identical. Second, we clarified reasons of spatially nonidentical polygons. Third, we analyzed the correlation between the TMG-GIS building usage and that of the maximum floorarea by FPT in term of the building number and total floorarea using identical building polygons. Last, we analyzed the consistency on multi-usage buildings.

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In this paper we propose a new interpolation method using monotone functions to generate a digital elevation model (DEM) from contour lines of a topographic map. The proposed method has the following features. (1) It does not yield unnecessary vibrations that the other methods like the spline interpolation may often do. (2) It can generate more suitable surfaces of DEM. (3) It may choose and utilize the simple-averaging method or the Grimson's regularization method as a post-processing to make the surfaces more smooth. We carried out the experiments to verify the effectiveness of our method. From the results, we conclude that our method is more effective than the traditional methods like the spline interpolation, Akima's interpolation, etc..

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We consider a polygonal region where end points of trips are uniformly distributed. The first objective of our study is to calculate the first and the second moments of the Euclidean distance between a fixed point and end points uniformly distributed in the polygon. The second objective is to propose a way to draw contours for the average distance. In the preparation process of drawing the contours, the Weber point is calculated for the given polygon. And we confirm that the minimizer of the second moment of Euclidean distance is the centroid of the polygon. The results of our study will be applied to facility location analyses.

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This study attempts to clarify the actual road traffic circumstances and to investigate the change of accessibility of Nagano Prefecture from 1990 to1997 by using GIS. The main findings are summarized as follows. Firstly, there is a great difference between the speed of automobiles moving in the city and those moving outside the city. Secondly, as a result of extension of highway, time distance from Matsumoto to Hokushin area is reduced largely. Then, movement efficiency of automobile in Nagano Prefecture has improved, and the time required for the movement by 1km is improved from 1.3 minute to 1.0 minute.

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A new quantitative approach for prior rough electricity transmission line selection considering environmental impact, executability and landscape factor by using GIS is proposed, and transmission line selection has been practically conducted in a field. As the results, it is found the working efficiency of route selection is greatly increased and current complex work become very concise. Because the index or value spatial distribution can be grasped locally and globally, in case of changing route design, the necessary information can be quickly provided for decision making. Furthermore, because all the influence factors are quantitated, the quantitative evaluation for a specific selected transmission line route can be provided, and several alternative route and their concrete evaluation can be proposed and compared. It is concluded that proposed method is very effective in optimum prior rough route selection for electricity transmission line by considering various kind of restrictions.

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