Theory and Applications of GIS

Development of a Mobile GIS

Sakura SHINOAKI, Hiroto SATO, Hironori KOTSUBO

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: January 31, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.1

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GIS in business is catching on. As it increases its office use and receives wide recognition of its potential, even field workers want to use it out of office. On the other hand, some companies have introduced mobile computing technique to their enterprise information system thanks to the development of mobile terminals and mobile telecommunication infrastructure. There are, however, several restrictions and difficulties to integrate these techniques into a mobile GIS, mostly due to the characteristics of GIS and the immaturity of mobile computing environment.
This paper explains one solution to overcome these difficulties and develop a mobile mapping system already in practical use. The new method makes use of CD-ROM and mobile phone. Furthermore, this paper discusses how to expand and incorporate mobile GIS into enterprise information system with an example of location system utilizing GPS.

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Bench-mark Maps for Evalation of Automatic Map Recognition System

Kozo KAMADA, Kazuo INABA, Yutaka OHSAWA, Masao SAKAUCHI

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 9-16
Published: January 31, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.9

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This paper proposes a method to evaluate map recognition systems. Firstly, we selected typical portions from 1/25000 and 1/2500 maps which have a wide variety of symbols and their typical density. We call them bench-mark maps in this paper. Secondly, we made the answer vector data from the bench-mark maps by hand digitizing using a digitizer. Finally, we investigated a method to collate the answer vecter data and the output of a tested map recognition system.

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A Method for estimating market areas on a network

Masayuki Kitamura, Atsuyuki Okabe

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 17-24
Published: January 31, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.17

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This paper formulates Huffs model on a network, and develops a method for estimating market areas. The method uses an'exponential distance', a transformation from a network space to an'exponential distance space'. By the transformation, the estimation of market areas becomes tractable. Computational meth-ods are also developed.

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Evalution of error in Grid-square Statistics

Hajime IHARA, Tetsuya IWASA, Naoto YAMAGUCHI

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 25-32
Published: January 31, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.25

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Grid-square statistics on population and households have been complied since 1970 Population Census of Japan. The statistics are compiled by matching each enumeration district to an appropriate grid square. In order to reduce the workload in this process, it is assumed that all the populaton of the enumeration district is concentrated at the center point of the district and the population o f each grid square is obtained by summing up the population of all the enumeration districts whose central points fall in the grid square. This assumption causes errors to the grid-square statistics. In this paper, a model correlating the errors to the popu-lation size of grid squares are assumed, and the errors in grid-square statistics are evaluated by comaring the figures complied by the conventional method of enumeration district matching with those compiled in a sepa-rate experiment by individual households to the grid squrae.

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A Statistical Method for Determining the Size of Map Labels

Yukio SADAHIRO

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 33-44
Published: January 31, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.33

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This paper proposes a method for determining the size of map labels from a statistical view. Though larger letters are more readable than smaller ones, they sometimes cause the overlaps of letters, and thus it may leads the inefficiency of GIS operations. In this paper, we show two indices for evaluating the readability of map labels: visible letter area and readable letter area. The former is the area of rectangles in computer display which include letters of map labels. The, latter is also the summed area of rectangles, though it excludes over-lapped rectangles. These indices arecalculatedin several cases, and we show the relationship between these indices and the size of letters. We, can:thuscexpect the area of overlapped letters statistically, and control it by adopting letters of proper'size. This methodhis applied to the names of stations in Yokohama, and some empiri-cal findings are shown.

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The Effect of Zoning Systems and That of Urban Infrastructures on the Areas of Lots on which New Buildings Are Constructed

Tohru OHBA, Shinji TAKUSAGAWA, Yoshimasa SUZUKI

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 45-52
Published: January 31, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.45

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This paper aims to analyze the effect of various zoning systems and urban infrastructures on lot areas. First, the hypothesis that the population distribution of lot areas is the logarithmic normal distribution is tested by the goodness-of-fit test. Second, the difference of cumulative relative frquency distribution between zoning systems is tested with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Third, the compound effect of zoning systems and urban infrastructures is analyzed with the type 1 quantification method. It reveals that lot areas of housing and apartment housing are not much affected by zoning systems and the distance to the nearest railway station, but those of commercial buildings are much affected.

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Information Super Highway and GIS

Hiroyuki KOSAKA

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 53-60
Published: January 31, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.53

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This paper considers the plan of National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) presented in Executive Order 12906 by the President of the United States of America, William J. Clinton. The purpose of NSDI is to avoid wasteful duplication of effort and promote effective and economical management of spatial data by Federal, State, local, and tribal governments. This paper, in particular, describes two components of the NSDI, National Geospatial Data Clearinghouse and Spatial Data Standard Activity.

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Developing or Concerning Level on GIS in the Local Government

Kimio TANAKA, Osamu IMAI, Akihiro TERAKI

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 61-68
Published: January 31, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.61

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The Special Interest Group on the Local Government under GISA was organized to popularize on GIS for local government, in July 1994. The first step of our study is to clear on developing or concerning level of GIS in the all local governments in Japan, by questionnaire. In the present paper discussed on this study. Purposes of GIS on running and developing are, in down order, Tax, Water supply or Sewerage, Land Manage-ment, Road and City Planning etc. The relationship of purpose to population are, city planning in large, land management in small and tax in all round. On the ratio of running and developing level or concerning level in GIS, large population cities group was larger than small towns. Multipurpose systems were 32% on running and 71% on running, developing and planning.

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Regional Information Visualizer Assisting Urban Development Planning

Shin YOSHIKAWA, Hisanori TSUNODA

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 69-76
Published: January 31, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.69

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It is necessary for planners and designers to recognize the regional characteristics exactly for urban development. Various kinds of regional information must be put in order efficiently. The authors are constructing the system to visualize the regional information such as three dimensional representation of the digital terrain model. The visualized data can be imported and exported among the some application programs using the standard CAD data format. So, CG techniques such as the texture mapping can be used easily. This paper reports the process of system development and the conversion process to visualize the regional information, and discusses the future development.

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ERRATUM

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 77
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.1_77

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ERRATUM

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages e1a
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.1_e1a

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ERRATUM

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages e1b
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.1_e1b

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ERRATUM

1995 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages e1c
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5638/thagis.3.1_e1c

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