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Volume 75, Issue 10
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Studies on Nitroacetin Diacetate occurring during Nitration of Furfural Diacetate. (3)Ryuichi Kimura1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1175-1178
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe structure of β-nitroacetin diacetate was considered to be 5-nitro-2-acetoxy-2, 5-dihydrofurfural diacetate from the following facts: No reaction of enolized hydroxyl and ketone; formation of maleic acid by the liberation of acetic acid and nitrous acid during hydrolysis; and no influence of the resonance effect in its infrared absorption spectrum, on the position of the absorption of the nitro group in symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibration and of the carbonyl group in stretching vibration.View full abstractDownload PDF (789K) -
Kanzo Okazaki, Soichi Oshima1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1178-1179
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies were made on the cause of itching in dermatomycoses and it was found that, besides the general inflammation, an extreme itching was caused by the supply of polypeptides and amino acids, such as glycine, alanine, lysine, and leucine, as the protein metabolic products of the fungi.View full abstractDownload PDF (340K) -
Studies on Crude Drugs and Oriental Crude Drug Preparations by Bioassay. (1). Citrovorum Factor in Crude Drugs and Oriental Crude Drug PreparationsMinoru Goto1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1180-1183
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of the crude drug preparations, used from olden times for women's diseases, especially for anemic symptoms, Toki-Shakuyaku-San, and its componental drugs, Ligusticum root, Cnidium root, hoelen, Atractylodes root, Alisma root, and peony root, were examined by the bioassay method for the presence of a growth factor for Leuconostoc citrovorum in their extracts. It was thereby found that such a factor was present in all the root drugs and in the preparation. Therefore, standard leucovorin was used to confirm the presence both by paper chromatography and bioassay and the Rf values agreed in both cases. It is interesting that a leucovorin-like factor is present in such preparations and, judging from the results of bioassay, it is especially abundantly present in Ligusticum, cnidium, and peony roots which are said to be effective for anemia. The preparation and root drugs were found by bioassay to contain niacin-like and biotin-like factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (645K) -
Dehydration of N-Substituted 4-Hydroxythiazolidine-2-thione DerivativesHiroshi Hirano1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1184-1187
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) The assumption that the substance obtained by the reaction of a primary amine, α-haloketone compound, and carbon disulfide is not a dithiourethane compound but is a 4-hydroxythiazolidine-2-thione compound had been proposed by Yoshida and others and the appropriateness of such a fact had also been recognized by experiments of the present writers. The presence of a hydroxyl group in the 4-position was directly confirmed in the present series of experiments by the successful benzoylation of the hydroxyl in the thiazolidine ring of 3-[2′-methyl-4′-hydroxypyrimidyl-(5′)]methyl-4-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-β-hydroxyethylthiazolidine-2-thione (II).
2) Behavior of the thiazolidine-thione compound (I or II) during acid treatment was examined. It was thereby clarified that the formation of the tetrahydrofurothiazolothione compound (XII or XIII) and the thiazolothione compound (XIV or XV) was preceded by the formation of (XII) or (XIII) by dehydration and followed by the formation of (XIV) or (XV) by the cleavage of the tetrahydrofuran ring in (XII) or (XIII). The mechanism of such acid treatment reaction was considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (648K) -
Determination of Vapor Pressure of Polyethylene Glycols and Carbowax CompoundsTakeo Ishiguro, Koku Matsumoto1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1188-1190
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVapor pressure of polyethylene glycol 300, 400, 600 and of carbowax 1500, 4000 was measured with a pendulum tensimeter, and it was found that these substances possessed a low vapor pressure, in the order of 1.5-15×10-4mm Hg, in the temperature range of 5-70°, and the vapor pressure became lower as the molecular weight became larger. The logP-1/T curves may be considered a straight line within a narrow temperature range but will deviate from linearity in a larger temperature range.View full abstractDownload PDF (363K) -
Mutual Solubility of Heptylamine-H2O-NaOH SystemTakeo Ishiguro, Fujio Kametani1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1191-1195
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMutual solubility of a binary system of heptylamine and water in the temperature range of 0° to 90° was measured and a peculiar solubility curve was obtained. The jelly-like state formed in the concentration range of 30-70w% of heptylamine was studied and the presence of heptylamine heptahydrate was assumed.
Mutual solubility of a ternary system of heptylamine-water-sodium hydroxide was determined at 20.3, 40.2, 59.7, and 79.4° and their equilibrium diagram was obtained. A smooth, conjugation curve was also obtained. A conjugation curve drawn with the concentration of the amine in the upper layer and that of sodium hydroxide in the lower layer as the molar fraction units, gave a straight line within a certain concentration range and the straight lines at each temperature were found to be approximately parallel to each other. The concentration of heptylamine present in equilibrium with a definite concentration of sodium hydroxide solution increases with the increase in temperature and the concentration of heptylamine in the upper layer was greater, the greater the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the lower layer when the temperature was constant.View full abstractDownload PDF (678K) -
Mutual Solubility of Butylamine-H2O-NaOH SystemTakeo Ishiguro, Fujio Kametani1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1196-1198
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMutal solubilities of butylamine-water-sodium hydroxide system were measured at 20.0°, 40.0°, and 60.2° and binodal curve tie-line, and conjugation curves were sought. From such results, it was found that dehydration of butylamine in the upper layer was effected as the temperature was higer, when the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the lower layer was definite. When the temperature was constant, higher the concentration of sodium hydroxide, higher became the concentration of butylamine and it was found that the relationship between these two substances, when their concentrations are shown by molar fraction was linear.View full abstractDownload PDF (390K) -
Masamoto Nishikawa, Katsura Morita, Hikoichi Hagiwara1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1199-1202
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSantonin was oxidized with chromium trioxide, by the Medvedev method, to santenonic acid (II) and (II) was dehydrated by heating to santonene (IV). (II) was methylated with dimethyl sulfate and potassium carbonate to methyl santenonate (III). Attempted reduction of the ketone group at C6 of (III) either by the Meerwein-Ponndorf method or with lithium aluminum hydride was not successful. (IV) was derived to acetylsantonene (V) by the action of acetic anhydride, to methylsantonene (VI) by the action of methanol and chlorosulfonic acid, and to dihydrosantonene (VII) by catalytic reduction with palladium-calcium carbonate or Raney nickel as a catalyst. Both (III) and (IV) show marked red coloration with alkali solution, resembling the Reichard reaction of santonin. (VII) shows yellowish green fluorescence with alkali solution. (IV) shows extreme mutarotation in ethanol solution; the value of [α]D: +160° immediately after solvation becomes [α]D: -1206.2° after three days.View full abstractDownload PDF (710K) -
Masamoto Nishikawa, Katsura Morita, Hikoichi Hagiwara1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1202-1205
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fact that the dihydrosantonene (VII), obtained by the catalytic reduction of santonene (IV), is a C1-2-dihydro compound was confirmed by two synthetic routes. The mutarotation of (IV) in ethanol is assumed to be due to the disappearance of the asymmetric carbon at C11 by enolisation. From the ultraviolet and infrared absorption spectra and the data of specific rotation, dihydrosantonene (VII) is assumed to be an enol compound (VII′ or VII″), acetylsantonene (V) is (V′) or an enol-acetate of (VII″), and methylsantonene (VI) is (VI′) or an enol-methylate of (VI″). The coloration of santonin, santonene (IV), and methyl santonenate (III) with alkali was compared by the Yamagishi's santonin colorimetry. It was thereby found that the absorption bands of these three compounds in the visible range were identical (λmax 500mμ) and that the intensity of the coloration of (IV) was four times that of santonin and of (III), ten times that of santonin. From these results, it was assumed that the coloration of santonin by alkali is caused by the change of a part of santonin to compounds of a conjugated system similar to (IV) or (III) which undergoes coloration secondarily by alkali.View full abstractDownload PDF (608K) -
Extraction and Physicochemical Properties of Allomycin, an Antituberculous Antibiotic, and its Identity with AmicetinSueo Tatsuoka, Koichi Nakazawa, Michitaka Inoue, Shigehiro Fujii1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1206-1208
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCrude allomycin was isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces sindenensis by the solvent and ion exchange resin methods and was purified through its hydrochloride. various properties of allomycin and its derivatives were clarified and it was concluded that allomycin is identical with amicetin, discovered by Hinman and others.View full abstractDownload PDF (445K) -
On Pyrolysis Curves of Organic Drugs and Chemicals Appearing in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. VI. (1)Hideo Tanabe, Kiyoko Okamoto1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1209-1213
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe course of thermal decomposition of 10 kinds of organic drugs adopted in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia VI was examined by the thermal balance of the Tokyo Technological Laboratory, and periodical change of weight and decomposition were clarified. The drugs examined were quinine hydrochloride, quinine sulfate, sulpyrine, lactose, citric acid, soluble saccharin, sodium citrate, calcium salicylate, potassium sodium tartarate, and calcium lactate. As a result, values somewhat different from those given in the Pharmacopoeia and its Directory were obtained as to the temperature of the loss of the water of crystallization and decomposition points, as well as new data for these.View full abstractDownload PDF (788K) -
Sources of Variation in Carbon and Hydrogen Determination. (1)Hiroshi Fujiwara, Masami Kan1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1213-1218
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to examine the source of error in carbon and hydrogen analyses, analytical values were chosen at random from the analytical data on standard specimens, which had hitherto been used as a means of confirming analyses, and these values were statistically analyzed. Concluding from such results, it was clarified that the carbon and hydrogen analyses developed by the present writers (1) seems to be correct because of no deviation; (2) both the carbon and hydrogen values show normal distribution; (3) precision of the analytical values may be ±0.25% with σ as the estimated value; and (4) there is a significant difference between the individuals carrying out the analyses.View full abstractDownload PDF (824K) -
Synthesis of α, β-Dicarboxypyrrole Derivatives. (1)Kiyotsugu Yamamoto, Tetsuya Hattori, Kazuo Kariyone1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1219-1221
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStarting with α-amino acids, the α-acylamidoketones obtained by the Dakin-West reaction, were saponified to α-aminoketone hydrochlorides. They were reacted with ethyl oxalacetate and five kinds of new derivatives of ethyl α-carboxypyrrole-β-carboxylate and the corresponding α, β-dicarboxypyrrole derivatives were obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (486K) -
Synthesis of α, β-Dicarboxypyrrole Derivatives. (2)Kiyotsugu Yamamoto, Kazuo Kariyone1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1222-1225
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Using α-aminoketones derived from α-amino acids by the Dakin-West reaction, ethyl α-carboxypyrrole-β-carboxylate and 15 kinds of α, β-dicarboxypyrrole derivatives were prepared.
2) As for the effect of the tertiary base addition agent in the Dakin-West reaction on the yield, β-picoline was more effective than pyridine.
3) Dakin-West reaction of phenylaminoacetic acid and benzoic anhydride afforded 2, 4, 5-triphenyloxazole which, on heating with conc. hydrobromic acid, gave α-amino-α-phenylacetophenone hydrobromide.View full abstractDownload PDF (671K) -
Synthesis of α, β-Dicarboxypyrrole Derivativs. (3)Kiyotsugu Yamamoto, Hirokichi Tsujii1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1226-1228
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy the condensation of 1-p-hydroxyphenyl-2-amino-butanone-3, -pentanone-3, and -hexanoe-3, derived from L-tyrosine by the Dakin-West reaction, as their hydrochloride with sodium salt of ethyl oxalacetate, ethyl 5-p-hydroxybenzyl-4-methyl-2-carboxypyrrole-3-carboxylate, -4-ethyl-2-carboxypyrrole-3-carboxylate, and -4-propyl-2-carboxypyrrole-3-carboxylate were obtained. These were saponified to form the corresponding α, β-dicarboxypyrroles, all new compounds. Condensation of ω-amino-o, p-dihydroxyacetophenone hydrochloride and ethyl acetoacetate afforded a new compound, ethyl 4-(2, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpyrrole-3-carboxylate.View full abstractDownload PDF (600K) -
Decyanation of α-Phenyl-α-4(-2, 6-lutidyl) acetonitrileTetsuzo Kato1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1228-1230
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSα-Phenyl-α-4-(2, 6-lutidyl) acetonitrile is unstable to oxidation and easily transits to 4-benzoyl-2, 6-lutidine, either by being left in the air for a long time or by treatment with alkaline hydrogen peroxide, with liberation of hydrogen cyanide. Nitration affords mononitrobenzoyllutidine. This transition is thought to arise from the fact that the α-carbon in the side chain at 4-position of the pyridine ring is easily oxidized, forms cyanohydrin as an intermediate, and transits to 4-benzoyllutidine with liberation of hydrogen cyanide.View full abstractDownload PDF (576K) -
Hydrolysis and other Reactions of α-Phenyl-α-4-(2, 6-lutidyl) acetonitrileTetsuzo Kato1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1231-1233
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSα-Phenyl-α-4-(2, 6-lutidyl) acetonitrile (I) was submitted to hydrolysis and, through the acetamide (II) and ethyl α-phenyl-α-4-(2, 6-lutidyl) acetate (III), 4-benzyl-2, 6-lutidine (IV) was obtained. Direct transition of (I) to (IV) gave a poor yield. Ketone compound was not obtained by the Grignard reaction of (I), and the presence of only one active hydrogen was found. (I) also showed resistance to reduction.View full abstractDownload PDF (546K) -
Reaction of 4-Benzyl-2, 6-lutidine 1-Oxide and its Derivatives with Acetic AnhydrideTetsuzo Kato1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1233-1235
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReaction between N-oxides of 4-benzyl-2, 6-lutidine derivatives and acetic anhydride was examined. Reaction with N-oxide of 4-benzyl-2, 6-lutidine (I) afforded phenyl-4-(2, 6-lutidyl) carbinol (III), and its N-oxide afforded chiefly 4-benzoyl-2, 6-lutidine (V), with phenyl-4-(2-methyl-6-hydroxymethylpyridyl) carbinol as a by-product. The N-oxide of (V) afforded 4-benzoyl-2-methyl-6-hydroxymethylpyridine and 4-benzoyl-3-hydroxy-2, 6-lutidine. The N-oxide of α-phenyl-α-4-(2, 6-lutidyl) acetamide (X) afforded (III), showing that the α-carbon in the side chain attached to the 4-position is active.View full abstractDownload PDF (537K) -
Reaction of 2, 6-Lutidine 1-Oxide with Phosphoryl ChlorideTetsuzo Kato1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1236-1238
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRefluxing of 2, 6-lutidine 1-oxide and phosphoryl chloride results in overwhelming formation of 4-chloro-2, 6-lutidine but a small amount of 2-chloromethyl-6-methylpyridine as a by-product is detected in the high-boiling fraction. The two can be approximately separated by fractional distillation and purified as the nitrates. Reaction of 2-chloromethyl-6-methylpyridine with benzyl cyanide afforded α-phenyl α-(ω-2, 6-lutidyl) acetonltrile whose hydrolysis to acetamide and to acetic acid finally gave 2-methyl-6-phenethylpyridine.View full abstractDownload PDF (513K) -
Reaction of α-Picoline 1-Oxide with Phosphoryl ChlorideTetsuzo Kato1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1239-1241
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRefluxing of α-picoline 1-oxide and phosphoryl chloride affords 4-chloro-α-picoline (I) with 2-methyl-6-chloropyridine (II) and 2-chloromethylpyridine (III) as by-products. (I) can be isolated comparatively easily as its nitrate but the separation of (II) and (III) is rather difficult. They were finally identified by deriving them to hydroxy derivatives by heating with sodium acetate and acetic acid. 2-Chloromethylpyridine (III) has a tendency to undergo bimolar polymerization to form 5, 11-dihydrodipyrido (1, 2-a)-(1′, 2′-d) pyrazinium dichloride (VII), which comes as hygroscopic crystals that remain colorless in acid medium and changes to red in alkaline medium. (VII) absorbed six moles of hydrogen and transited to form dipiperido (1, 2-a) (1′, 2′-b) piperazine (VIII).View full abstractDownload PDF (493K) -
Synthesis of 2, 3-Triazolo- and 1, 2, 3-Tetrazolo-7, 0-PyridazinesNoboru Takahayashi1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1242-1244
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEight kinds of 2, 3-triazolo-7, 0-pyridazines and four kinds of 1, 2, 3-tetrazolo-7, 0-pyridazines were newly synthesized. All of these compounds possessed hydrogen or methyl in 1-position and chloro or methoxyl group in 6-position. The ultraviolet absorption spectra of these compounds are shown.View full abstractDownload PDF (570K) -
Oxidation Products of Sulfur-containing Compounds of PyridazineNoboru Takahayashi1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1245-1248
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS3-Chloro-4 (or 5)-methyl (or hydrogen)-6-pyridazinethiol and their S-alkyl derivatives were submitted to oxidation by various methods from which 3-chloro-6-pyridazine-sulfonic acid and methyl 3-chloro-6-pyridazyl sulfone were obtained. Oxidation of alkylthio compounds afforded two isomers of the monoxide and their properties were examined.View full abstractDownload PDF (585K) -
Seiichi Ohkuma1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1249-1252
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAldehydes or ketone semicarbazones and semicarbazides, when heated with dimethylglyoxime and hydrochloric acid, give specific red to reddish purple coloration. A minute amount of the sample or one drop of its ethanolic solution is added with one drop of 3w/v% hydrochloric acid solution of dimethylglyoxime and heated in a water bath. Thiosemicarbazones and thiosemicarbazides do not give this coloration but the concurrent presence of o- or p-hydroxybenzaldehydes and alkoxybenzaldehydes results in red to reddish purple coloration, and the same in semicarbazones and semicarbazides results in far more sensitive coloration than in the case of dimethylglyoxime alone. A minute amount of the sample or one drop of its ethanolic solution, added with one drop of 3w/v% hydrochloric acid solution of dimethylglyoxime and one drop of 10w/v% ethanolic solution of vanillin is heated in a water bath by which, either immediately or after 5 minutes, red to reddish purple coloration appears.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K) -
On α-Allokainic AcidShinzo Murakami, Tsunematsu Takemoto, Zensho Tei, Koji Daigo, Nobuya T ...1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1252-1255
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA substance clearly different from kainic acid was isolated from Digenea simplex Ag. as colorless needles or prismatic crystals, m.p. 237-238° (decomp.), [α]D15: +6.7°, C10H15O4N. This substance should formally be called α-allokainic acid. The acid was derived to N-acetyl-α-allokainic acid (II), m.p. 185°, dihydro-α-allokainic acid (dihydro-α-isokainic acid) (III), m.p. 249-250° (decomp.), α-isokainic acid (V), m.p. 253° (decomp.), and β-allokainic acid (VI), m.p. 240° (decomp.).View full abstractDownload PDF (692K) -
Structure of α-Allokainic AcidShinzo Murakami, Tsunematsu Takemoto, Zensho Tei, Koji Daigo1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1255-1257
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSZinc dust dry-distillation of α-allokainic acid (I) or dihydro-α-allokainic acid (II) afforded isopropylpyrrole (III), b.p12 64°, besides a ring-dilactam compound (IV), m.p. 157°, of α-carboxy-β′-isopropylpyrrole. Chromic acid oxidation of dihydro-α-allokainic acid (II) gave carboxymethylisopropylmaleinimide (V), m.p. 171-173°. Ozonolysis of α-allokainic acid (I) gave a methyl ketone compound (VII), m.p. 213° (decomp.), C9H13O5N, with formaldehyed. This fact seems to indicate that the proposal of Morimoto in giving the structure of 2-carboxy-3-carboxymethyl-4-isopropenylpyrrolidine (A) for α-allokainic acid is appropriate.View full abstractDownload PDF (480K) -
Studies on the Structure of Kainic Acid. (10)Yoshio Ueno, Kunizo Osugi, Hayao Nawa, Jisaburo Ueyanagi, Hiroshi Mori ...1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1258-1261
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome assumptions were forwarded in the previous paper for the course of the Hofmann degradation of alkylpyrrolidine compound (XXIII, i and ii), derived from kainic acid by the two processes described in Part VII of this series, from the A and B formulae. An appropriate structure for the methine compound (XXV, i and ii), obtained by the said degradation, was assumed from the Hofmann rule and the infrared spectral analysis. As shown in Fig. 3, the methine compound shows a specific absorption for CH2=CH-R (10.10±0.05 and 11.00±0.06μ) and the fact limits the structure of the methine to the A formula in Fig. 4, i.e. 1-methyl-2-dimethylaminomethyl-3-vinylhexane. Therefore, the structures of the dihydromethine compound (XXVIII-i) and the dimethylaminoketone compound (XXVI-i and ii), described in Part VIII of this series, should be represented by the A formula in Fig. 4, i.e. 1-methyl-2-dimethylaminomethyl-3-ethylhexane (XXVIII-i) and 1-ethyl-2-dimethylaminomethyl-isocapraldehyde (-3-methylvaleraldehyde), and the alkylpyrrolidine (XXIII-ii) obtained by the high-pressure reduction would be a compound in which 3- and 4-positions of the pyrrolidine ring had been racemized. Summarizing the experimental results presented, in Parts I to VIII of this series and the assumptions forwarded in the present paper, the structure of kainic acid may be assumed as 2-carboxy-3-carboxymethyl-4-isopropenylpyrrolidine.View full abstractDownload PDF (551K) -
Periodate Oxidation of Sulfur-containing SugarsSeiichi Okui1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1262-1266
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOxidation of ethyl α-D-thioglucofuranoside with periodic acid results in the cleavage at C2-C3 and C5-C6, consuming 3 moles of the acid and liberating formaldehyde. One mole of the acid is consumed by the sulfur atom in being oxidized to the sulfinic group but the presence of an excess of periodic acid will effect gradual oxidation to a sulfone compound. The same oxidation of phenyl β-D-thioglucopyranoside results in the cleavage of C2-C3-C4 linkages, consuming 3 moles of the acid and liberating formic acid. The sulfur atom is more easily oxidized than when bonded to an ethyl group and is oxidized further from sulfoxide to the sulfone group by absorbing one mole of the acid. Aldohexose ethylthioacetal consumes 10 moles of periodic acid immediately, to be decomposed into 4 moles of formic acid, 2 moles of ethylsulfinic acid (the oxidation further proceeds to the sulfonic acid), and one mole each of formaldehyde and carbon dioxide. Thioacetals, such as 2-desoxy-D-glucose and N-carbobenzyloxy-D-glucosamine, are not severed at C1-C3 linkage and are decomposed into 2 moles of formic acid and 1 mole each of formaldehyde and a sulfone compound.View full abstractDownload PDF (799K) -
Tozaburo Kurihara, Katsuo Ro1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1267-1269
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAddition reactions of ammonia, liquid ammonia, and various primary and secondary amines with allyl cyanide were carried out under various conditions but the yield remained poor at ordinary temperatures. Reaction of a slight excess of the amines at around 150° was found to result in the formation of alkylaminobutyronitriles quite easily and in a good yield, and that the amino group adds to the β-position.View full abstractDownload PDF (422K) -
Tozaburo Kurihara, Kenji Suzuki1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1269-1272
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Benzoxycarbonyl and phthalyl derivatives of 1-α, γ-diaminobutyric acid were prepared.
2) By the concurrent use of the phthalyl and benzoxycarbonyl methods, 1-α-(1-leucyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid was prepared.
3) A peptide, α-(1-α, γ-diaminobutyrylamino)-γ-aminobutyric acid, was prepared.View full abstractDownload PDF (830K) -
Akira Minato, Kentaro Tanaka1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1272-1275
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAttempts were made to prepare metal-casein by the following two processes.
1) Metal hydroxides were reacted with sodium hydrogen carbonate solution of casein, exess hydroxide was bissolved by the addition of an acid, and at the same time, crude metal-casein was separated. Purification was effected by electrodialysis to remove adsorbed or non-bound metal ions completely.
2) An electrolytic vat (Fig. 1) was separated into four chambers, A, B, C, and D, by three diaphragms, 2.5% NaHCO3 solution of casein was placed in A, metal salt solution in B, and water in C and D. This was electrolyzed at 100v. D. C. The metal ion in B transits through the diaphragm to A and contacts with casein being stirred. Excess of non-bound ions is removed by electrodialysis.
This electrolytic process is applicable for all metal salts and affords products of constant metal content because of good reactivity, and the products can be highly purified by the concurrent use of electrodialysis. The products obtained by this process, copper-casein (Cu 0.8%), iron-casein (Fe 0.4%), cobalt-casein (Co 4.4%), manganese-casein (Mn 1.9%), antimony-casein (Sb 4.4%), and zinc-casein (Zn 7.0%), were all found to be free from toxicity by biological tests.View full abstractDownload PDF (731K) -
Antagonistic Properties of Amicetin with Antifungal-Antiprotozoal Antibiotics in vitroSueo Tatsuoka, Yoshio Hamada, Michitaka Inoue, Shigehiro Fujii, Yasuo ...1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1276-1281
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Amicetin, an antibiotic substance possessing strong antibacterial action against M. avium and M. flavus, was not antagonized by 74 kinds of substances including amino acids, pyrimidine compounds, and vitamins. However, it was found that antifungal-antiprotozoal substances, such as candimycin, trichomycin, eurocidin, mycelin-IMO, aureofacin, and virosin, and enteromycin were antagonistic to amicetin.View full abstractDownload PDF (862K) -
The Catalytic Hydrogenation of the Sodium Salt of 2, 4-Dimethyl-3, 5-dicarboxypyrroleKunizo Osugi1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1281-1286
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCatalytic reduction of 2, 4-dimethyl-3, 5-dicarboxypyrrole as a sodium salt in aqueous solution was carried out with Raney nickel as a catalyst, at 150° and 100 atmospheric pressure, and sodium formate and 1, 2, 4-trimethylpyrrolidine were isolated from the reaction mixture. Reaction mechanism of this reduction was discussed and its use as a practicable method for the synthesis of 1, 2, 4-trimethylpyrrolidine was proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (942K) -
Hisashi Nogami, Fujio Nakagawa1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1287-1288
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConcentration of metallic ions, stability constants of the complex ions formed, and relation between pH of the solution and formation ratio of complex ions during titration of metallic ions with disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were examined, and the minimal pH conditions for the titration of several metallic ions were calculated.View full abstractDownload PDF (303K) -
Hisashi Nogami, Fujio Nakagawa1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1289-1290
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTitration curve in high-frequency titration was examined and it was shown that Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ could be titrated with good accuracy in acid reaction. As an application of this titration method, BAL was determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (261K) -
Seiichi Ohkuma1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1291-1292
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSo- or p-Hydroxybenzaldehydes or their alkyl ethers and urea compounds selectively color red to reddish purple with dimethylglyoxime and thiosemicarbazide and this reaction was utilized in detecting these compounds.View full abstractDownload PDF (260K) -
Influence of Milk Coagulated by Lab-ferment upon Trypsin DigestionKesami Wakui1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1293-1295
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe milk treated with the lab ferment and untreated milk require different amounts of hydrochloric acid to adjust to the same pH. The lab ferment-treated milk of pH 6.8 required 3.0cc. of 0.1N hydrochloric acid while the untreated milk consumed 5.0cc. This indicates that treatment with lab ferment results in smaller consumption of hydrochloric acid and a similar tendency is seen with sodium hydroxide. These facts may be interpreted as the decrease of the buffer action of milk by coagulation caused by the lab ferment, which in turn suggets that milk proteins has undergone a fundamental change by the lab ferment. This seems to give a certain suggestion as to the mechanism of milk coagulation.View full abstractDownload PDF (487K) -
Synthesis of DL-α-Lipoic AcidIsamu Nakano, Mitsuji Sano1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1296-1298
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn the reduction of ethyl 8-acetylthio-6-oxoöctanoate with sodium borohydride, two products are obtained by the amount of the reducing agent used. When 0.6 mole of sodium borohydride is used for 1 mole of the octanoate, 8-acetylthio-6-hydroxyoctanoate is obtained as reported in literature. When the molar ratio is 1:1, a substance of b.p0·4 127-129° is obtained which was found to be ethyl 8-mercapto-6-hydroxyoctanoate and was proved by its consecutive derivation to ethyl 8-benzylthio-6-hydroxyoctanoate (b.p0·5 189-190°), 6-bromo compound (b.p0·4 195-200°), and to 6, 8-dibenzylthiooctanoic acid (m.p. 67, 5-69°). The last-named compound afforded DL-lipoic acid as yellow plate crystals.View full abstractDownload PDF (621K) -
Conditions for Paper Electrophoresis. (3). The Relations between Electrodes, Agar-bridge, and Voltage on the Paper Strips of the ElectrophoresisItsuhiko Mori1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1298-1300
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn paper electrophoresis, voltage applied on the filter paper was measured by the vacuum tube voltmeter and distribution of the voltage was examined, from which some observations were made on the electrodes and the agar-bridge.
1) When an electrode is immersed directly in an electrolytic solution, voltage variation occurs in the solution in accordance with the size, position, and number of electrodes. Therefore, it would seem better to use potassium chloride cell and one agar-bridge is required at least within 3cm.
2) when potassium chloride cell is used, any electrode can be used.
3) The width of the filter paper should be fairly wide. Lining strips of narrow filter papers result in a large error of voltage distribution.
3) voltage fall is larger at a higher voltage and larger the electric resistance of the electrolyte solution.View full abstractDownload PDF (564K) -
An Improved Ultraviolet PapyrographyItsuhiko Mori1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1300-1302
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn ultraviolet papyrograph apparatus of high precision and stability, which is easy to use, was devised by improvement of the old apparatus.View full abstractDownload PDF (529K) -
Susumu Nonomura, Hideo Tabe, Yoshio Hirose1955 Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 1303-1307
Published: October 25, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (730K)
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