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Volume 78, Issue 9
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Analytical Studies on Ferric-Gluconic Acid ChelatesHideo Tanabe, Kiyoko Okamoto1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 951-957
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGluconic acid undergoes coördination bonding with Fe3+ and its aqueous solution colors markedly, absorption maximum of this coördination compound being present at around 345mμ. The position of this absorption maximum shifts towards a shorter wave-length as pH of the solution increases. It has been assumed that this shift is due to coördination of OH- to Fe3+ and to the ol-bridge of polynuclear iron ion. Absorption of the maximum and concentration of ferric ion at various pH's are in linear relationship. Effect of 13 kinds of coexisting ions was examined and it was found that their interference became less as the acidity increased. The gluconic acid-iron complex has the composition of 1-3 of iron to 1 of gluconic acid and the complex was found to undergo decomposition by light.View full abstractDownload PDF (781K) -
Preparation of Pyridinealdehydes. (2). Preparation of Several Derivatives of 2- or 4- Pyridinealdehyde 1-OxidesSunao Furukawa1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 957-960
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOxidation of pyridinemethanol 1-oxides with selenium dioxide generally results in oxidation of the carbinol group and deoxygenation of the N-oxide group, forming pyridinealdehydes, but in the case of 6-methyl-2-pyridinemethanol 1-oxide, a small amount of 6-methyl-2-pyridinealdehyde 1-oxide was obtained besides 6-methyl-2-pyridinealdehyde. Treatment of the diacetyl or acetal compound of pyridinealdehyde with perphthalic acid in ether afforded the corresponding aldehyde N-oxide in 37-45% yield. The deoxygenation of the N-oxide group by selenium dioxide is considered to be an oxidative deoxygenation as by sulfuric and nitric acid mixture.View full abstractDownload PDF (518K) -
Kiyoshi Takiura, Kyoko Koizumi1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 961-964
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the micro-determination of glycols, polarography was utilized in the known method for glycol splitting. In the existing procedure, IO3- formed and excess of IO4- are measured and the amount of glycol is calculated from the amount of IO4- consumed. Attempt was made to determine this amount of IO4- consumed directly by polarography, and examinations were made on optimal conditions for the kind and pH of buffer solution, kind of anode to be used, amount of reagent and sample to be used, and reaction time. As a result optimal conditions for determination were determined as follows: Ten cc. of approx. 10-3M KIO4 in Sørensen's buffer (pH 7) is added to 1 cc. of the test solution (ca. 10-3M) and the mixture is allowed to stand for a definite length of time (15 mins. to 1.5 hrs. according to the kind of sample used) to complete the reaction. To this mixture 0.1 cc. of 1% gelatin solution is added and this is immediately submitted to polarography, using H-type electrolyte cell. The amount of excess KIO4 (X) is determined from the wave height of the 1st wave. The same procedure is carried out using 1 cc. of distilled water in place of the sample solution and the amount of original KIO4 (Y) is determined. The amount of the sample is calculated from the amount of KIO4 used, X, and Y.
This procedure was used in the determination of several kinds of straight-chain polyhydric alcohols, pentoses, and hexoses, and satisfactory results were obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (559K) -
Colorimetric Determination of Tetracycline with Boric AcidKeiji Sekiguchi1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 965-969
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTetracycline, like chlortetracycline, reacts with boric acid in conc. sulfuric acid to form an orange-red chelate compound showing absorption maximum at 500 mμ. This fact was utilized in colorimetric determination of tetracycline and it was quantitated in a concentration range of 5-35 γ/cc. as tetracycline hydrochloride. Concentration of sulfuric acid was found to have a fairly great effect but the chelate compound was stable in a concentration above 85%. The procedure in the case of tetracycline is much more simple than that with chlortetracycline.View full abstractDownload PDF (540K) -
Structure of Tetracycline-Borate ComplexKeiji Sekiguchi1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 970-974
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was assumed that two kinds of chelate compound will be formed from tetracycline and boric acid in conc. sulfuric acid, the one being formed when the concentration of sulfuric acid or of boric acid is low, and the other when concentration of both acids is high. The former is the chelate compound of 1:1 molar ratio of tetracycline to boric acid and has an absorption maximum at 510 mμ, with a formation constant of log k1=4.53. The latter is the chelate with 1:2 molar ratio, having an absorption maximum at 500 mμ, and formation constant of log k2=1.78. The ligand in these chelate compounds is anhydrotetracycline formed by dehydration of tetracycline by sulfuric acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (596K) -
Decomposition of Noradrenaline, N-Methyladrenaline, and 1-(Monoalkoxyphenyl)-2-alkylaminoethanols by Mineral AcidsMitsutaka Kawazu1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 974-977
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBoiling of norepinephrine or N-methylepinephrine with hydrochloric acid respectively afforded 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrahydroxy-5-aminomethyldibenzo [a, e] cyclohepta-1, 4, 6-triene hydrochloride (I), m.p. 316-318° (decomp.), and 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrahydroxy-5-dimethylaminomethyl-dibenzo-[a, e] cyclohepta-1, 4, 6-triene hydrochloride (II), m.p. 268-270° (decomp.), in respective yields of ca. 15% and ca. 20%. The ultraviolet spectra of their aqueous solution were similar to that of adnamine. Methylation of (I) and (II) with dimethyl sulfate and alkali hydroxide gave the same methosulfate of m.p. 264°, which was found to be identical with methyladnamine methosulfate by mixed fusion and from ultraviolet spectra. Similar decomposition of 1-monoalkoxyphenyl-2-alkylaminoethanols failed to give compounds possessing a dibenzocycloheptatriene ring, resulting in recovery of the starting material in meta-substituted compounds and complete decomposition in para-substituted compounds to form a large amount of carbohydrates.View full abstractDownload PDF (538K) -
Decomposition of 1-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-dimethylaminoethanol by Hydrochloric AcidMitsutaka Kawazu1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 978-982
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn boiling 1-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-dimethylaminoethanol with hydrochloric acid, (I) precipitates out as white crystals melting at 180°, in ca. 45% yield. Basification of the hydrochloric acid mother liquor results in generation of a gas (IV) with amine-like odor and a basic oil separates out. This oil was recrystallized as an oxalate from methanol, forming prismatic crystals (II), m.p. 200°, in ca. 4% yield. The mother liquor left after separation of these crystals was rendered strongly alkaline and crystals that separated out were recrystallized from ligroine to crystalline powder (III), m.p. 148-151°, in ca. 28% yield. (I) was found to be 2-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6, 7-dimethoxynaphthalene, which had been prepared from 2-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6, 7-dimethoxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenone. (IV) was identified as dimethylamine by deriving it to a hydrochloride, and (II) agreed with ω-dimethylamino-3, 4-dimethoxyacetophenone oxalate. (III) was found to be 2, 3, 7, 8-tetramethoxy-5-dimethylaminomethyldibenzo [a, e] cyclohepta-1, 4, 6-triene by agreement of its methiodide with the same derivative prepared earlier from epinephrine.View full abstractDownload PDF (585K) -
Solubilization of Vitamin A and D. (4). Required HLB for Solubilization of Vitamin A and DHiroyuki Mima1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 983-988
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe kind and amount of surface-active agent required to solubilize vitamins A and D differ according to the structure and purity of the vitamins. Examinations were therefore made on the optimal hydrophil-lipophil balance (HLB) for solubilization of various preparations of vitamin A and of vitamin D2. For this purpose, mixtures of various HLB were prepared from suitable combinations of various surface-active agents (HLB of the mixture calculated from Griffin's formula), these were mixed in vitamin A or D in a ratio 1:5 to 1:10, and these mixtures were diluted with water. The optimal HLB is obtained from relationship between the transmittance of the above aqueous solution and HLB. It was thereby found that, even in two mixtures which have the same HLB, there were some differences in their properties according to the different active agents used. When two kinds of surface-active agents with greatly differing HLB are used, the range of solubilization is smaller than when agents with small difference are used. The optimal HLB for vitamin A palmitate is 14.5-15.5, that for vitamin A acetate is 15.8-16.2, and those of vitamin A alcohol and vitamin D2 are above 17.9, and these values are in parallel with their lipophilic and hydrophilic properties. In general, vitamins with higher units obtained by purification have wider range of optimal HLB, and the optimal HLB becomes higher in the case of vitamin A palmitate. This difference is the effect of impurities and the optimal HLB differs between synthetic and natural products.View full abstractDownload PDF (718K) -
Solubilization of Vitamin A and D. (5). Solubilization with Sucrose MonoestersHiroyuki Mima1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 988-992
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSolubilization of vitamins A and D in water has heretofore been effected by surfaceactive agents of polyethylene glycol system. In order to improve the defects of such agents, solubilization was attempted with sucrose monoester. Sucrose ester was prepared by the method of Osipow and others, using straight-chain saturated fatty acids from caproic to stearic acid, and 10 kinds of esters of C18-unsaturated acid. Esters of fatty acids below C14 and those of linolic and linolenic acids have bitter taste. Solubilization of vitamin A palmitate was well effected by linoleate, that of vitamin A acetate by laurate, caproate, and myristate, and that of vitamin A alcohol and D2 by caprate, caprylate, and laurate. The aqueous solution in which solubilization had been effected perfectly does not undergo clouding on heating. The mechanism of solubilization is assumed to be the same as in other surface-active agents, that of micelle formation. Oral toxicity of sucrose esters is very small and it seems possible to use it for solubilization in foodstuffs, but its toxicity by intravenous injection is stronger than that of the Tweens. This latter is thought to be due to their hemolytic action and their use in injections requires caution.View full abstractDownload PDF (604K) -
Extractive Crystallization of Ascaridol by Thiourea Adduct FormationHiroyuki Mima1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 993-998
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAddition of methanolic solution of thiourea to benzene solution of chenopodium oil results in precipitation of needle crystals, which was found from X-ray diffraction and infrared spectrum to be the so-called inclusion compound of rhombohedral crystals. Extraction of the guest molecule with ether leaves a pure ascaridol and the original crystalline substance is an adduct of 1 mole of ascaridol and 4.6 moles of thiourea. This is a useful method for getting the effective component from chenopodium oil in crystalline form and the method is also used for purification of ascaridol. It has the advantage of rendering ascaridol into convenient form for preparations. Components other than ascaridol contained in chenopodium oil hardly form adduct with thiourea and actually, the infrared spectrum of ascaridol obtained from the crystalline adduct exhibits no absorption due to impurities. When the said crystal is heated above 70° or placed in vacuum, ascaridol liberates from the crystal, leaving the original rhombic crystal of thiourea.View full abstractDownload PDF (691K) -
Syntheses of Alkyl-β-cellobiosidesRyohei Hori1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 999-1002
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCommercial absorbent cotton was submitted to acetolysis to obtain octaacetylcellobiose which was brominated with glacial acetic acid saturated with hydrogen bromide at 0° to obtain α-acetobromocellobiose. Condensation of this cellobiose with fatty alcohols in chloroform, using silver oxide as a catalyst, by the König-Knorr reaction afforded 10 kinds of alkyl heptaacetyl-β-cellobioside: Butyl-, m.p. 190.5°; amyl-, m.p. 172°; hexyl-, m.p. 153.5°; octyl-, m.p. 151.5°; decyl-, m.p. 148°; dodecyl-, m.p. 151°; myristyl-, m.p. 152°; cetyl-, m.p. 152°; stearyl-, m.p. 153°; and oleyl-, m.p. 132°. Deacetylation of these alkyl acetyl-β-cellobiosides with 0.003M sodium methoxide afforded alkyl β-cellobiosides: Butyl-, m.p. 151°; amyl-, m.p. 166.5°; hexyl-, m.p. 166°; octyl-, m.p. 168°; decyl-, m.p. 221° (t.p. 156.5°); dodecyl-, m.p. 228.5° (t.p. 157°), myristyl-, m.p. 215.5° (t.p. 155°), cetyl-, m.p. 223.5° (t.p. 154.5°); stearyl-, m.p. 233° (t.p. 154°); and oleyl-, m.p. 165° (t.p. 140°) (t.p.: transition point). Of these, the derivatives from decyl to stearyl, and oleyl are thought to form liquid crystals.View full abstractDownload PDF (581K) -
Syntheses of Glucose 3-Fatty Acid MonoestersRyohei Hori, Tamotsu Koizumi1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1003-1005
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCondensation of D-glucose and acetone in the presence of phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide, and zinc chloride afforded 1, 2; 5, 6-diisopropylidene-D-glucose and its condensation with fatty acid chlorides in the presence of pyridine gave eight kinds of diisopropylidene-D-glucose 3-fatty acid monoesters: Butyrate, b.p3 149°; caproate, bp3 163°; caprylate, b.p3 178°, caprate, b.p0.01 206°; laurate, b.p0.03 191°; myristate, b.p0.02 192°; palmitate, b.p0.2 235°; and stearate, b.p0.2 255°. Hydrolysis of these esters with acid catalyst gave D-glucose 3-fatty acid monoesters: Butyrate, syrup; caproate, syrup; caprylate, syrup; caprate, m.p. 161° (t.p. 133°); laurate, m.p. 178° (t.p. 137°); myristate, m.p. 178° (t.p. 137°) palmitate, m.p. 177° (t.p. 136°); and stearate, m.p. 160° (t.p. 133°) (t.p.: Transition point).View full abstractDownload PDF (438K) -
Alkaloids of Menispermum dauricum DC. (S uppl. 2). Synthesis of dl-MenisperineIkuo Kikkawa1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1006-1010
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe racemic compound of menisperine (N-methylisocorydine) (X), the aporphinetype, phenolic quaternary base contained in Menispermum dauricum (Japanese name ‘Kohmori-kazura’) (Menispermaceae), was synthesized by the route shown in Chart 1. In this case, a by-product corresponding to benzylisoquinoline-type base, laudanine (VIII), was obtained during Pschorr's phenanthrene cyclization, besides the objective (X).View full abstractDownload PDF (756K) -
On the Flavonoid from the Leaves of Torreya nucifera SIEB. et ZUCCTatsuo Kariyone, Tokunosuke Sawada1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1010-1013
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFlavonoid was found to be widely distributed in the leaves of conifers, and dried leaves of Torreya nucifera SIEB. et ZUCC. (Taxaceae) were treated with methanol, from which a new flavone was obtained. This was named kayaflavone. This substance forms slightly yellow microneedles, m.p. 314-315° (decomp.), and its molecular formula was assumed to be C33H21O10, from the presence of 3 each of hydroxyl and methoxyl groups. Its methanolic solution gives orange-red coloration to magnesium and hydrochloric acid, reddish violet coloration to zinc and hydrochloric acid, and greenish brown to ferric chloride solution. From the agreement of its various derivatives, this flavone was found to be a monomethyl ether of ginkgetin, obtained from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae).View full abstractDownload PDF (731K) -
On the Flavonoids from the Leaves of Cycas revoluta THUNB. and Cryptomeria japonica D. DON var. araucarioides HORTTatsuo Kariyone, Tokunosuke Sawada1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1013-1015
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome yellow microcrystals of m.p. 263-264° (decomp.) were obtained from the dried leaves of Cycas revoluta THUNB. (Cycadales). This is a new flavone giving orange-red coloration to Mg+HCl, reddish purple to Zn+HCl, and greenish brown to ferric chloride. Its molecular formula agrees with C31H20O10, containing five hydroxyls and one methoxyl. From the agreement of its various derivatives, it was found to be monodemethylated compound of ginkgetin. This flavone has been named sotetsuflavone. This flavone, together with kayaflavone and sciadopitysin, were obtained from the leaves of Cryptomeria japonica D. DON var. araucarioides HORT (Taxodiaceae).View full abstractDownload PDF (499K) -
On the Flavonoid from the Leaves of Taxus cuspidata SIEB. et ZUCC. and Relation between Ginkgetin, Kayaflavone, Sciadopitysin, and SotetsuflavoneTatsuo Kariyone, Tokunosuke Sawada1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1016-1019
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSciadopitysin was obtained from the leaves of Taxus cuspidata SIEB. et ZUCC. (Taxaceae). It is known that this substance is also a monomethyl ether of ginkgetin, like kayaflavone, but the two are isomers, differing in the position of the methoxyl in the molecule. Decomposition of kayaflavone and sotetsuflavone with potassium hydroxide solution afforded a ketoflavone similar to that obtained from ginkgetin or sciadopitysin, and these are either methylated or demethylated compounds corresponding to the original substances. Considering these decomposition reactions, some presumptions were made on mutual relationship of these series of compounds, especially the position of methoxyl group.View full abstractDownload PDF (658K) -
On the Flavonoid from the Leaves of Chamaecyparis obtusa ENDLTatsuo Kariyone, Tokunosuke Sawada1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1020-1022
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new flavone, hinokiflavone, m.p. 340° (decomp.), was obtained from the dried leaves of Chamaecyparis obtusa ENDLICHER (Cupressaceae). This substance forms yellow microneedles and colors orange-red to Mg-HCl, reddish purple to Zn-HCl, and greenish brown to ferric chloride. The molecular formula of this substance agrees with C30H18O10, with six hydroxyls but no methoxyl. Various derivatives of this substance were prepared. Potash fusion of hinokiflavone afforded acetic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and phloroglucinol, and decomposition with 30% potassium hydroxide gave p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxyacetophenone, and phloroglucinol, as well as flavone-carboxylic acid and ketoflavone formed secondarily. The mode of these reactions is similar to that of ginkgetin in past reports so that it is possible that hinokiflavone is a bisflavonoid of complicated structure similar to ginkgetin.View full abstractDownload PDF (504K) -
Relation between the Distribution of Bisflavonoids and Taxonomical Position of the PlantsTokunosuke Sawada1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1023-1027
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConiferae plants, amounting to six families, 30 genera, ca. 70 species, and closely related Ephedra gerardiana WALL. (Gnetales) and Casuarina stricta AIT. (Casuarinaceae) were examined for the presence of bisflavonoids, such as kayaflavone, sciadopitysin, ginkgetin, and sotetsuflavone, and the results obtained are listed in Table I. Distribution of these components was approximately in parallel with the position of these plants in plant taxonomy and a relationship between them was recognized. The most interesting fact was that hinokiflavone was present only in the order Cupressales of Cupressaceae family and in Taxodiaceae family, while bisflavonoid was not detected in the pine family.View full abstractDownload PDF (875K) -
Synthesis of A-Azacholan Derivative. (3)Shoji Hara1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1027-1029
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDeoxycholic acid was derived to 2-oxo-A-norcholanic acid by a few improved methods and the methyl ester of the 2-oxo compound was submitted to the Beckmann rearrangement with phosphorus pentachloride and tosyl chloride, affording two kinds of a lactam. Reduction of these lactams and methyl 3-aza-4-oxocholanate afforded 2-azacholane and 3-azacholane derivatives.View full abstractDownload PDF (493K) -
Synthesis of B-Azacholane DerivativeShoji Hara1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1030-1033
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethyl 7α-hydroxycholanate of high purity was obtained in 46% yield from methyl cholate by the improved method. This 7-hydroxyl compound was oxidized to 7-oxocholanic acid derivative, which was derived to B-azacholane derivative by conversion of 7-oxo derivative (VIIb) to 7-oximino compound and its Beckmann rearrangement to 7-oxo-7a-aza-B-homocholane derivative. Cleavage of 7-oxo compounds (VIIa, VIIb) by two methods gave, through 7-oxo-7a-oxa compound, 8-oxo-7, 8-secocholane derivatives. Reaction of methyl 6, 7a-dioxo-7-oxa-B-homocholanate and urea gave methyl 6, 7a-dioxo-7-aza-B-homocholanate, which was led to 7-aza-B-homocholane derivative.View full abstractDownload PDF (661K) -
On Equilibrium of Isonicotinoylhydrazine Derivatives in Aqueous Solutions. (1)Hiroshi Fujiwara1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1034-1040
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the equilibrium mechanism of furfurylidene-INAH in aqueous solution, equilibrium constants of furfurylidene-INAH and 1-benzoyl-2-furfurylidenehydrazine in buffer solutions of various pH were measured. It was found that the variation in the resonance structure of furfurylidene-INAH in acidity had no direct effect on equilibrium constants but an effect on the ionic dissociation constant of its azomethine group.View full abstractDownload PDF (909K) -
On Equilibrium of Isonicotinoylhydrazine Derivatives in Aqueous Solutions. (2)Hiroshi Fujiwara1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1040-1044
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to elucidate equilibrium mechanism of hydrolysis in aqueous solution of p-amino- and p-dimethylamino-benzylidene-INAH, equilibrium constants were measured in buffer solutions of various pH. It was thereby clarified that the relationship between pH and equilibrium constants does not satisfy the known Conant formula, that the basicity of the aldehyde also affected these constants, and that an entirely new relative formula (VII) had to be forwarded.View full abstractDownload PDF (665K) -
Relationship between Equilibrium of 1-Benzylidene-2-isonicotinoylhydrazine Derivatives in Aqueous Solutions and its SubstituentsHiroshi Fujiwara1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1045-1049
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of substituent on the equilibrium of benzylidene-INAH derivatives in equeous solution was examined and it was clarified that the logarithm of equilibrium constant (K0) of free bases and substituent constant were in linear relationship. The value Ks, which represents basicity of the azomethine group, has no connection with a substituent but is related to the change of mesomerism due to addition of a proton to the pyridine portion. Calculation of keinetic values showed that satisfaction of the Hammett law was due to the constancy of entropy difference.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
Studies on the Relationship between Equilibrium of Isonicotinoylhydrazine Derivatives in Aqueous Solution and Free Isonicotinoylhydrazine Derivatives in vivoHiroshi Fujiwara1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1050-1054
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a measure of INAH liberation in vivo, convulsion dose (CD50) by injection in normal mice was measured and this clarified the fact that CD50 is related to equilibrium constants between free radicals in aqueous solution of INAH-hydrazone. Compounds whose equilibrium is directed towards hydrazone formation are less likely to liberate INAH in vivo.View full abstractDownload PDF (721K) -
Hajime Fujimura, Katsuya Ohata1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1054-1058
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRelationship between awakening effect and inhibitory action of amine-oxidase activity of a drug, discovered by Mann, Quastel, and Ohta, was examined systematically by the use of analeptics, such as methylpropamin, dimethylpropamin, and 2-(3, 4-methylene-dioxyphenyl) isopropylamine, and a series of other pharmaceuticals. Further examinations were made on the possibility of the use of this point as a supplementary means in the judgement of potency of awakening effect, which is difficult to be obtained from animal tests. At the same time, effect of these pharmaceutics on brain tissue respiration was tested with a rabbit. Majority of these pharmaceutics indicated inhibitory action on amine-oxidase activity in greater or lesser degree and the levorotatory compound of analeptics, which does not indicate awakening effect in human body, inhibited amine-oxidase activity, same as dextrorotatory compound. It was found that the correlationship between awakening effect and inhibition of amine-oxidase activity was exceptionally weak. At the same time, these pharmaceutics indicated weak inhibitory action on tissue respiration but there seemed to be no correlation between that and awakening effect.View full abstractDownload PDF (732K) -
Separation of Xanthine Bases by Ion Exchanger ChromatographyToshio Yoshino1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1059-1063
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeparation of xanthine bases by ion-exchanger chromatography was attempted using a weak-acid type cation exchanger (R-H form). When a phosphate buffer of around pH 7 was used as the desorption solution, dimethylxanthine (theobromine and theophylline) and trimethylxanthine (caffeine) were separated but mutual separation of dimethylxanthine isomers was difficult. When a strong-acid type cation exchanger (R-H form) was used and eluted with buffers of pH 7-1.6, theophylline and theobromine were separated but not theophylline and caffeine. Gradient elution using hydrochloric acid as a desorption solution, with increasing acidity, effected elution of theobromine, theophylline, and caffeine, in that order, and their separation was quantitative. When weak bases, such as xanthines, are to be separated from each other, it is more effective to elute at a low pH because dissociation of a weak base would be more complete in that range. Medium-acid type cation exchanger was found to be unsuitable for quantitative separation because of greater tailing.View full abstractDownload PDF (635K) -
A New Method for Determination of Glucuronic Acid using NaphthoresorcinolTsutomu Momose, Yo Ueda, Masako Yoshinaga, Junko Masui, Michiko Nagasa ...1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1064-1066
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDetermination of glucuronic acid was found to be possible by mixing 0.2% naphthoresorcinol reagent, 6N hydrochloric acid, and sample solution, heating this mixture in a boiling water bath, extracting the dye formed with benzyl alcohol, and measuring absorbancy of the extract solution at 615mμ. The determinable range was 5-125γ of the acid per 2cc. of solution. This method was found to be applicable for following variation of the amount of glucuronic acid in a definite amount of glucose, urine, or blood.View full abstractDownload PDF (351K) -
Occurrence of Dictamnine in Boenninghausenia albiflora MEISSNER var. japonica S. SUZUKITatsuo Ohta, Toshio Miyazaki1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1067-1068
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNon-phenolic substance (m.p. 132-133°) containing nitrogen was isolated from the air-dried leaves and stems of Boenninghausenia albiflora var. japonica (family Rutaceae, Japanese name: Matsukazeso) in yield of 0.06%. Form this, a base (yield, ca. 0.0006%) of m.p. 132-133° was identified as dictamine (picrate, m.p. 163°) by mixed fusion test and comparison of ultraviolet spectrum. The root also contained alkaloids and one of which was proved to be dictamnine by paper partition chromatography. In addition, a minute amount of bergapten was obtained from the methanolic extract of the fresh leaves and stems.View full abstractDownload PDF (332K) -
Colorimetric Determination of Diosgenin and TokorogeninMasaharu Yamagishi, Isao Nakamura1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1068-1071
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new color reaction was found for diosgenin and tokorogenin, the steroidal sapogenins of Dioscorea spp. When diosgenin is warmed in nitrobenzene solution of antimony trichloride added with hydrous methanol, the solution colors orange red, while warming of tokorogenin in phenolic solution of antimony trichloride results in coloration to reddish violet. Diosgenin does not show any coloration to this reagent. These color reactions follow the Beer's law and can be used for colorimetric determination.View full abstractDownload PDF (413K) -
Suminori Umio1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1072-1075
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCatalytic reduction of a combination of ethyl 1-benzyl-3-oxo-4-isopropyl-2-pyrrolidine-carboxylate and ethyl cyanoacetate over palladium-carbon afforded a substance assumed to be ethyl α-hydroxymethyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-4-isopropyl-3-pyrrolidineacetate, whose reduction in glacial acetic acid over platinum oxide gave ethyl α-hydroxy-2-ethoxycar-bonyl-4-isopropyl-3-pyrrolidineacetate. Hydrolysis of the latter furnished a dibasic amino acid, α-hydroxymethyl-2-carboxy-4-isopropyl-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid.
These facts showed that reduction over palladium-carbon in hydrochloric acid effects reduction of a nitrile to hydroxymethylene group. In order to provide explanation on this observation, catalytic reduction of two kinds of chemically different nitriles was carried out under the same conditions as above. Reduction of ethyl 2-(N-benzyl-N-cyanomethylaminomethyl) isovalerate afforded an amino alcohol compound, and that of ethyl 2-(cyanomethylaminomethyl) isovalerate gave the corresponding secondary amine.View full abstractDownload PDF (609K) -
Terutake Honma, Takashi Hiraoka, Toshio Tominaga1958 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages 1076-1078
Published: September 25, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (453K)
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