In order to find out the range of errors in measuring the size of public drawing information, this experiment measured the size at 24 places through 6 different measurement methods. The sample data analysis shows that the sample average error of measurement method 1-3 is smaller than that of the measurement method 4-6. Under the 95% trust interval, the population average error of measurement method 2 is the lowest; the error distribution of measurement method 6 is the most concentrated in area measurement.

This study evaluated the landscape of a large factory building complex to gain into the development of landscape awareness among citizen. The landscape attitudes which based on experimentation of changing scenery toward factory building clusters are as follows: The magnitude of a building’s presence varies with its uniqueness, the physical quantity, features, and movement, based on how the building group is perceived. The impression of a building presence due to perceived physical quantities may impart an oppressive impression, while harmony and movement may impart a favorable one. Therefore, Landscape of the large factory’s can be interesting in their forms.

This study aims to produce an AR simulator suitable for design panels and evaluate its use value. The evaluation will be based on two outcomes: 1) the implementation of the AR simulator and 2) a questionnaire survey of experienced people of the AR simulator. The results show that the AR simulator facilitates users to imagine full-size, uneven design panels. It was also found that more users can ubiquitously check its various designs by reading the QR code with a mobile terminal. Furthermore, it was found that the engaging experience of the AR simulator adds value to the design panels.

This Research is an investigation report of “Gou Gura” in Kanbara which was designated as cultural property of the Tsumagoi village in 2007. “Gou Gura” is a storehouse where rice was stockpiled in the village during the Edo period. “Gou Gura” of Kanbara is a mud storehouse built using the “Seirou” construction system. This report describes the mud wall systems through dismantling conservation work.

This research proposes nomadic dwellings as a contemporary solution that is cost-effective, self-assembled, and customizable for various lifestyles. We developed an algorithmic tool to control the form and construction system, leading to a new frame system and prototype construction. This study highlights the development of original hinge joints that can control component attachment angles, a previously under-explored area. Additionally, the system provides a planar expansion method for space frames and verifies their constructability. The findings demonstrate that the form can adapt to different sites and use requirements, while materials and construction methods are standardized.

This study investigates a 3D digitization workflow for post-WWII wooden houses during their demolition. The process generates a 3D model, incorporating assembly information and assigning unique identifiers to each component. The study establishes a database of components by connecting the identifiers and assembly information with 3D scan data. The study also proposes a solution for 3D scanning conventional wooden components that lack distinguishable features by placing markers around the periphery to serve as new reference points. This method facilitates the preservation of historical value and encourages the reuse of materials and the adoption of innovative building system expression techniques.

When constructing a building, to reduce environmental impact, it is significant to consider, at the design stage, what materials will be used and their transport distances. Although use of local wood has increased, one building requires countless materials usually procured from a more global market. Buildings are currently designed and constructed without sufficient knowledge concerning quantities and production areas of the materials used. We studied a small wooden building and determined composition (volume for individual material categories) and identified history (production area and transport distance) and traceability of materials, to show a building as a composition of different materials.

This paper reported on the design of skyscrapers in the “Conservation Integrated Redevelopment Project” for preserving historic buildings and constructing skyscrapers. In case of the Mitsui Main Building block redevelopment project, we focused on the detailed design of the tower part of the skyscraper “Nihonbashi Mitsui Tower” with a tower-on-the-base type format. Regarding the detailed design, we reported the design process and planning intention from the initial plan to the realization plan. In particular, the design architects’ studies on horizontal fins, capitals, louvers, sunshades, details of hotel floors, shoulders, etc., factors for judgment, issues and policies were summarized.

There is a lack of information on improving the living environment for children with disabilities. Therefore, we developed an assessment tool for families regarding the development of a defecation environment for children with disabilities. The purpose of this study is to show the usability of the developed tool. We conducted a questionnaire survey and interviews with parents of children with physical disabilities. As a result, many parents were inspired to think about their children’s defecation environment. In addition, workshops using the tool were held to demonstrate its usefulness.

This study clarify the effectiveness of the use of 3D scanning equipment in the renovation project of a registered tangible cultural property. The subject of the study is the renovation project of Taiyoshi Hyakuban in Nishinari-ku, Osaka City, where the authors assisted in the creation of drawings. The authors compared the labor, skill level, and accuracy of the drawings created for four plans with different surveying and drafting methods. Interviews were also conducted with persons involved in the renovation project. Based on the results, the characteristics and effectiveness of the use of 3D scanning equipment were summarized.

The purpose of this project is to clarify the relationship between sand dunes and the spatial configuration of settlements, with a focus on Takenohama, Toyooka City, Pref.Hyogo. Understanding the influence of the region’s unique climate on the formation of settlements is essential for developing sustainable livelihoods in multinatural areas. From the literature on dunes and old maps and drawings of the settlement, it was found that the Takenohama settlement is a combination of two spatial forms, defined by a topography consisting of dunes.

This study focused on the difference in site planning and building layout depending on the direction in planned rural settlements. On sites facing south, the setback houses and open spaces are located along the road, while on sites facing north, large barns are built close to the road boundary. On both sites facing east and west, there are houses and open spaces along the road. These tendencies of building layout make a difference in roadside building and elements between east-west roads and north-south roads; therefore, road direction setting is an important planning perspective in rural settlements.

In Japan, there is an urgency to reconstruct old city halls which do not meet the current standard of an earthquake-resistant structure. With this, we can look over solutions to the problems of depopulation in city centers. This study attempts to reveal the trend of city hall reconstruction projects considering urban area planning to discuss methods of public facility redevelopment contributing to urban regeneration. First, we assess the characteristics of reconstructed city halls. Then, we focus on relocation projects to analyze changes in location and structure. Finally, we categorize the relocated city halls into three groups based on their characteristics.

This study clarifies locational relation between industrial land use and residential inducing area in local city. From the result of multi variable analysis for 35 industrial cities, there’re 7 locational patterns on geographical characteristics of industrial land use and the relation between industrial and settled area. By questionnaire for employers of industrial facilities which are located in industrial area in each city, employees’ typical settled area and commuting time are clarified as well as estimation on commuting environment by employers. Through series of analyses, it is considered important to intensify the proximity to work and residence and upgrade public transportation service.

The aim of this paper is to clarify the permeability and continuity of street space through the practice of the Chiba Park Street Pedestrian Zone. First, the frontage configuration of roadside building are examined. Secondly, the installation of elements such as furniture are examined. Thirdly, activities by people staying at the time of road utilization are examined. By integrating them for each frontage, the permeability as combination with frontage, installation and activity are examined. Finally, through the sequence of them, the continuity of the street space are clarified before and after the practice.

This report introduces the present condition and problem of sufficiency ratio of sites proposed for constructed emergency temporary housing in the residence instruction areas in each residential district. The targets are 6 cities in Mie Prefecture. As a result of the analysis, many cities are currently short of sites proposed for construction. Therefore, we considered some measures, such as the addition of those sites. However, many residential districts are still lack of sites proposed for construction. In the future, it will be necessary to secure public land for construction and secure private land by concluding a contract with the owner.

This study examined trends in private lodging services in the Tokyo’s 23 wards in order to better understand the details of limitations, location trends, and operational issues in each ward. The number of registered private lodging businesses in the Tokyo’s 23 wards has been fluctuating, and the usage of those buildings has been changing significantly. Limitations on the implementation of private lodging businesses were set for exclusive residential area in many wards, but there were differences in the limitation period and management response, and some wards were found to progressively introduce stricter limitations.

This study focuses on the vacant house demolition assistance system that designates a countermeasure district. The status of the system is summarized, and the future of the vacant house demolition assistance system with designated a countermeasure district is discussed. About half of the municipalities in Japan have a vacant house demolition assistance program, and about 10% of them have designated a countermeasure district. Furthermore, only a few have designated areas specifically linked to urban planning. We are thinking that it will be important in the future to link subsidies to urban planning, rather than to randomly provide subsidies.

This paper explores the ways in which public private partnership manages public parks by focusing on collaboration between NPO organization, which operates public park management, and BID organization, which attempt to improve urban environment within the area. Through the research, the following three points are cleared. The purpose of the NPO’s establishment affects the way to collaborate between NPO and BID. Union Square BID financially support the NPO organization. Park’s spatial structure determines NPO’s activities and the way to collaborate with BID organization.

Over a decade, Sake breweries are attracting significant attention as tourism resources in Japan. Therefore, it is important to understand sake breweries to utilize them for tourism resources. We report a survey of the brewery’s layout and how to open to the public in Ibaraki Prefecture. We also investigate the location of the breweries and their surrounding environments. From the results of the survey, we categorize 34 Sake breweries into four broad types according to their characteristics of layouts and surroundings.

On June 11, 2021, 39 “Roadside Stations” nationwide were selected as “Disaster Prevention Roadside Stations”. However, there are some “Disaster Prevention Roadside Stations” whose future maintenance policy is unclear. Therefore, we objectively organized the situation of 39 “Disaster Prevention Roadside Stations”. Furthermore, we explored the current status of the four “Disaster Prevention Roadside Stations” in the Kanto region and clarified the direction of future development.

This paper analyzes land-use management issues on excavating sites of grave and rock from a viewpoint of restoration and keeping proper land-use and conversion into another land-use, especially for urban land-use. Questionnaire surveys were conducted to local cities and suppliers in the three major metropolitan areas in Japan to analyze land-use management issues. In addition, this case study was conducted in two districts of Nagoya Metropolitan Area where the conversion of land-use was completed. As the result, the issue for the conversion into urban land-use of excavating sites by planning were investigate.

The location optimization plan was established in 2014 and many local governments have created the plan. However, there are few studies that have examined whether the compact city has realized or not. Therefore, this study aims at examining the changes in distribution of population, land use and residential buildings outside and inside the residence attraction area using data before and after creating the plan in Kumamoto City and Minoh City. As a result, while the population density of residence attraction areas has not been significantly changed, urban areas have expanded to suburbs by residential development.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the ideal management organization of an urban plaza from the viewpoint of support for the event environment, using Grand Plaza in Toyama City as a case study. As a result, it was found that 1) the ability to accumulate event management know-how and provide it to event participants, 2) the ability to manage the plaza and create a lively atmosphere with its own profits in the future, and 3) the ability to improve the environment for treating personnel and to train personnel to think flexibly in accordance with the times, are important.

We clarified the role of CMR in the complex public facility development of small municipality. In (Part 2) we analyzed the methods of collaboration and problem-solving by various stakeholders for 6 themes using the diagrams showing the relationship between stakeholders in the process of the design and construction detailing. Furthermore, we clarified the role that CMR should play in constructing and functioning the system of collaboration. We conclude that promoting collaboration among various stakeholders in public construction projects, which have become increasingly complex in recent years, will be an important role for CMR in the future.

After the Great East Japan Earthquake, the housing lease program provided existing houses to be used as temporary housing. The victims rushed to occupy vacant houses, and it is considered that they searched for owned houses as well as rental apartments. To examine the characteristics of leased houses, 5,227 cases within five municipalities in Miyagi Prefecture were classified into types based on the information in the housing maps. The proportion of owned housing was 24.9% of the total, and 39.8% of these houses were vacant before the earthquake. Locations of houses are plotted, relationship between types and features are analyzed.

In this research, the usage of point cloud data in the construction site were investigated, and the necessary software functions for operating point cloud covered. Furthermore, a rational workflow using the DSM method and a method for streamlining and automating software operations were proposed, and our own program was created. Then, the effectiveness of these proposed methods was confirmed by simulated work experiments using practical point cloud data.

In this study, the process of policy making was ascertained for condominiums that were severely damaged in the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake. In the cases that went well, experts were involved early in the process. When specialists were not involved, residents studied the recovery methods on their own and managed the reconstruction schedule. The need for and cost of construction work to ensure earthquake resistance was an important factor in the decisions. There was no appointment with an expert on building technology in any of the cases where deadlines were not met.

This study aims to introduce the six historical plan drawings of Katsura Rokurozaemon house, the headman of Niitsu village group, and clarify the floor plan configurations. The contents, characteristics and dates of the drawings were analyzed. The drawings were introduced with photographs, diagrams and explanations. The results of this study were as follows: these drawings were the renovation plans around the entrance of the house; there were six renovation plans created between 1808 to 1828; and one of the proposers was the sixth Katsura Togo. Furthermore, the floor plan configurations on the drawings were clarified.

This report is a database of the history of mountain huts throughout Japan in the prewar period. The source is “Yama Nikki” published by the Japan Alpine Club. This report aims to compile a list of mountain hut names, construction/renovation years, elevation, and other information to serve as a basic resource for research on the history of mountain architecture. As a result, we were able to create a database that can be referenced by region and by year, and to clarify the historical value of the “Yama Nikki” and draw out its potential.

This study tried to clarify the main frame construction of the Ebara wooden housing of wooden row houses projects for rent by the Dojunkai foundation. This revealed the original construction methods considered shortened construction period, and the structural strength in Ebara housing, using an axonometric frame diagram. For example, these methods sandwiched the column between double beams joined by nails and bolts for simplifying traditional joints in the second-floor floor frame and united rafters, tie beam, and strut to make the roof truss into parts and reduce weight.

This study explores the early movement of space architecture research in Japan in the 1990s. The paper examines how early space architecture research in Japan differed from the way research in the same field developed in the United States. Results here highlight how research on space architecture in Japan was conducted by CEGAS, a joint team of general contractors who took a unique stance on the world’s future space development, having a special role to play, especially in the construction of space facilities.

This study organizes and catalogues architectural materials: drawings, project-books, and reversal films, of architect Hiromichi Matsui with architectural activities in Tokyo, Milano and Kagoshima and clarifies their characteristics. The materials consist of 29,021 items, including 993 drawings, 41 project-books, and 27,987 reversal films. Most of the reversal films and half of the drawings are from Kagoshima period, the rest are from Milano period. About half of the drawings from the Milan periods are the personal works of Matsui and includes original drawings. It is considered that he thought his works were important and brought them back to Japan.

Architectural structures are becoming increasingly complex, and there are many cases in which multiple Building Elements are interrelated and constitute the function of the building. In such cases, it is difficult to explicitly describe the relationships among Building Elements in BIM. Therefore, in this study, using a ceiling radiant heating/cooling system as a subject, we worked on visualization of functional relationships among Building Elements as a basis for complex functional description using a semantic data model, and developed a prototype of a defect investigation system with the data as its core and discussed it.

In the field of architecture and urban planning, the isovist theory is used for evaluating spaces. In this theory, metrics, such as area or edge length, are employed to simplify higher-dimension isovist volumes. In this study, we propose a visibility evaluation method using a deep neural network as a feature extractor that extracts features from isovist point clouds. A classification and clustering network were tested by evaluating five architectures. The results show that the networks can extract valuable features and analyze the visibility using architectural characters, spatial spread, their direction, etc.

In this paper, we established rules for extracting and converting data necessary for a fireproof coating spraying robot to operate from BIM. Furthermore, we developed conversion software that implements the extraction and conversion rules, and demonstrated a new method for linking BIM and fireproof coating spraying robots.

Reciprocal frames enable to assemble the large span with short and small components supported mutually. However, the design and construction of three-dimensional structure tend to be more complex. In this article, we show a method to design deployable reciprocal frames from flat to curved surface by applying a method to create the elastic geodesic grid. To measure the reproducibility of the shape, we compare laser 3D scan models with real models. In addition, the models are simulated the behaviors by numerical analyses. Lastly, we reveal the challenges of designing by constructing a full-scale temporary structure using this method.

The purpose of the research is developing tool to visualize spatial feature of characteristic neighborhoods using notion of vertical building use and street network. Vertical building use is diagram that considers combination of composite uses which can be visualized by “Colored composite use diagram”, and the evaluation of the network is considered by weighting slope of the terrain to the mediating centrality of road network. “Road three-dimensional graph” is created by integrating these two indices. This graph can visually reflect characteristics of architecture, roads, topography, and can be a tool for expressing the sequence of spatial characteristics of neighborhood.

In this paper, we conducted a sketch map survey of two attributes with and without land knowledge to understand the characteristics of the city image created using a map application. Through the analysis of the sketch maps, it became clear that the use of map applications is effective in creating city images for users without land knowledge. In addition, we found that the formation of city images through app use was influenced by (1) the image before using the app, (2) the usage of application functions, and (3) the time of use using the app.

This study conducted architectural education to experimentally create a full-scale space with the bentwood frame. In this study, students process wood into “bentwood” by themselves and design and construct a full-scale space with “bentwood” as a frame, so that they can experience the utilization of wood and the design and construction of architecture for architectural education. The results of architectural education are as follows. The creation of bentwood and the design and construction of full-scale spaces arouse interest in wooden frames and encourage students to study through practice.

The 1896 Rikuu earthquake was the biggest inland event occurred in Tohoku district and caused extensive building damage to Akita and Iwate prefectures. The authors have been done literature surveys on this earthquake and reported in the preceding papers clarifying distributions of building damage, cause of human casualties, local governmental responses and so on. In this paper, we focus to individual building damage and effects of regional features on building construction are discussed through the reconnaissance reports and related papers. Typical examples are also cited from photos and illustrations appeared on those documents and discussed.

We have developed an operation manual for evacuation shelter facilities with renewable energy equipment in eco-schools. This manual is for refugees without much knowledge of equipment to use properly. In addition, this manual has plans for how to use electricity including solar power generation which vary depending on weather conditions and water use. Furthermore, it also describes how to check and use equipment for starting use smoothly.