不純物の混濁等による有機生産香辛料の汚染が問題になり、その生産過程の信頼性に疑問が投げかけられている。スリランカでは香辛料はマイナー作物に位置づけられるが、有機生産された香辛料の輸出量は増加傾向にあり、農家の収益向上にとって無視できないものになっている。しかし、その生産過程に関して検討した先行研究は見当たらない。そこで、本論文の目的は、スリランカの有機香辛料生産の実態に関して、生産農家の置かれた社会経済的背景、生産技術、及び有機栽培基準遵守の状況を明らかにすることである。
調査は、香辛料の主要な生産地帯である中央省の有機香辛料生産農家69戸を対象に、調査票を用いた質問と参与観察によって行った。また、収集したデータを記述統計により分析した。分析の結果、特に生産農家の有機栽培基準遵守の状況については、必ずしも全ての生産農家が基準を完全に遵守しているわけでなく、とりわけ収穫後の農産物の取扱いに課題のあることが明らかになった。このことから、生産農家に対する監視、汚染物質や食品の品質基準に関する教育の強化など、基準遵守を促進させる支援サービスの必要性が示唆された。

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本稿では、ベトナムメコンデルタ地帯における唐辛子農家のマーケティングチャネルの決定に作用する要因とその決定の農家所得への影響を分析している。本研究では、ドンタップ省とチャービン省の300戸の唐辛子農家への調査からのクロスセクションデータが使用され、観察できない要因によるセレクションバイアスに対処するために内生的スイッチング回帰が適用された。分析結果は、農協に販売している農家は、もし、そうしなければもっと少ない所得となっていたであろうこと、農協に販売していない農家は、農協に販売していたならば、より多くの所得を稼げたであろうことを示している。また、唐辛子生産に従事した年数、接する買い手の数、家財の大小、共通目標を有する団体への参加や農協への供給者である知人を有することによる社会的なネットワークの強弱が農家のマーケティングチャネルの選択に作用していること、農協に販売した場合とそれ以外に販売した場合の農家所得への影響要因とその作用は異なることを明らかにしている。これらの結果から農家と農協の間での売買を推進することの重要性が指摘できる。

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This paper reports on an industry system being constructed in Okinawa prefecture in order to provide a stable supply system for chrysanthemum. Such a system is essential for commodity composition and advanced shipping response. First, the branch organizations established a cropping plan adjustment function, a crop generation grasping function, and a shipping control function for each site of the production area. The farming instructor managed the functions of the branch organization for a smoother execution. As a next step, in order to secure stable seeds and seedlings even in the event of typhoon damage, a subsidiary was established overseas and an internal procurement system of seeds and seedlings was set up as well. Finally, a flat-tile facility was introduced in order to avoid planting collapse immediately after planting.

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The purpose of this study is to focus on how the fish processing industry located in coastal areas of the Seto Island Sea has adopted the food chain approach. The division of labor has been a widespread phenomenon in the food manufacturing industry, along with controlling food safety on the flow 'farm to table' becoming a global concern. Fish processing companies have adopted process conformity rather than product conformity in their plants, with Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points together with other food safety control methods put in place. Case studies on three fish processing companies were conducted regarding how they introduced and developed the food chain approach. The study concluded that these companies have successfully attained the process conformity, but their raw materials suppliers have not yet achieved such reforms (except for one company). It is necessary to consider how to extend the food chain approach to producers and primary level processers.

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This paper clarifies how the consciousness of exchange between urban and rural areas has influence on shippers' production and shipping behavior at large-scale farmers' market. The findings indicate that, first, shippers to large-scale farmers' markets have reflected information produced by exchanges with producer colleagues and consumers in production and shipment as with small-scale farmers' markets. Second, the farmers who are interested in urban-rural exchanges have strong intention to emphasize consumers compared to indifferent farmers, and the rate of working on freshness preservation, reduction of agricultural chemical use, and multi-item production was high. Third, farmers who are interested in urban-rural exchanges showed a tendency in which many farmers wanted to increase the shipment quantity and the number of shipments in the future. Many farmers also wanted to activate exchange with consumers and exchanges among producers in the future management of farmers' markets.

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The objective of this study is to identify the role of product differentiation strategies targeting local food retailers in expanding the export of processed food to China. This study used a market structure ⇔ corporate strategy approach to critically examine, through the lens of the Chinese import food market structure, the efficacy of strategies employed by Japanese food manufacturing corporations. Interviews were conducted at successful Japanese food manufacturing corporations and Chinese retail outlets of import foods. The results showed two significant findings. First, Japanese food manufacturers that have direct relationships with local retail outlets in China experience a two-fold benefit from having access to direct consumer feedback: they are able to meet consumer demand by adapting their products and they can aggregate products from other small and medium domestic food manufacturers in Japan to attain economies of scale in transportation timeliness. Second, Japanese food manufacturers with established local retail outlets and Chinese staff were successful in capitalizing on newly emerging markets for imported food products in formerly rural regions in China's interior. Notably, having Chinese staff was found to be critical in corporations being able to negotiate opportunities in these emerging markets.

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2019 日本農業市場学会

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