A Cyclical analysis was carried out on the production of dry shiitake mushroom in Japan. Also examined was the countermeasures for this cyclical fluctuation of the market price. The yearly fluctuations of the following variables were analyzed: (i) the total number of bedlogs which are in the “incubation” phase: (ii) the total amount of annual mushroom production; and (iii) the mean market price in each year.
The results of the cyclical analysis indicates that all of these variables have a cyclical fluctuation every six years. The analysis on the interrelationships between the variables (i), (ii), and (iii) reveals that: (i) in the year t is greatly influenced by (iii) in the previous year t-1; (i) in the year t has a great effect on (ii) in the year t+2 and; (ii) in the year t+2 largely determines (iii) of the same year. Therefore, it appears that the periodic fluctuation is caused by the managerial behavior of the growers as well as the physiological characteristics of Shiitake. As to the countermeasures on this cyclical fluctuation of the market price, it is suggested that the growers inoculate stable number of logs every year without being influenced by the price in the previous year and that the grover's organizations compensate a part of the price difference when the market price is lower than the standard price.

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In recent years, expenditure of “eating out” and processed food has increased greatly. This trend should have some effects on the food consumption at home. The purpose of this paper is to estimate each calorie and prices of food taken at home and eating out, and to predict the effects of increase of eating out demand on the production of agriculture and food industry. The analysis is carried out using input-output table (1975 and 1980). The following are main findings:
(1) It is estimated by 1980's input-output table that we on the average take 84.4 percent of the total calorie at home, 11.7 percent at restaurant, and 4.0 percent at other services in Japan. As for eating at home, we take more calorie from processed food than from fresh food (consumed as direct final demand). In recent years, there is the trend that calorie intake at home is decreasing gradually, whereas calorie intake outside home is increasing remarkably.
(2) Eating out is considerably expensive compared with the meal at home. To take same calorie, the meal at restaurant costs 2.67 times as much as the meal at home. At the same time, processed food costs 1.34 times as much as fresh food, at home.
(3) It is predicted that the increase of 50 percent in consumption expenditure at restaurant induces the 0.13 percent decrease in food industry production, the 0.07 percent increase in agriculture production, and the 3.00 percent increase in total industry production. Corresponding to these changes of food consumption at restaurant, the demand of livestock products, marine products, liquors and wheat flour increase gradually, while the demand of rice decrease 1.99 percent. This is caused by the decrease of food consumption at home.

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In this article the regional farming strategy is divided into two categories, namely, product strategy and competition strategy. By the systems analysis, it is made clear that indices for the product strategic decision are income elasticity of demand and composite competing power index, and that indices for competition strategic decision are price flexibility of supply and rate of price competing power index to production cost competing power index.
The positions of farming strategies and their shifts over two stages are made clear by estimating those indices given above for oranges produced in Ehime.
The analysis of its strategic positions and strategies up to 1986, consequently revealed the following:
1) the farming strategies that were used by orange growing industry in Ehime prefecture are generally reasonable; and,
2) the strategies to be adopted from now on by orange growing industry in Ehime Prefecture are the following:
(a) to continue phasing out of Futsu Natsu Mikan,
(b) to continue exchanging to Wase Unshyu Mikan,
(c) to raise the composite competing power of Futsu Unshyu Mikan by the competition strategy oriented to better quality, and exchange it to other demand growing crops; and,
(d) to raise the composite competing power of Ama Natsu Mikan by the competition strategy oriented to larger quantity and grow it more.

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