There have been many reports as to combination of thymoma and myasthenia gravis which indicate primary lesions of the striated muscle fibers (Russell), but that of concurrent myocardial change like other voluntary muscles has been so far rarely mentioned. Only eighteen cases of myocarditis in association with thymoma or myasthenia gravis were reported in foreign literature (Table), but none of that was seen in our country. According to recent immunopathological progress, new light has been thrown on etiological participation of thymoma with myathenia gravis, agammaglobulinemia and some refractory anemia, which might be consiclered to be an auto-immune disease (Burnet). Myocardial change of the present case that seems to reveal primary degeneration of myofibrils and myogenic giant cells with scarce granulomatous lesions, just the same as skeletal muscle, might offer the possibility to understand such a change in view of an auto-immune disease, although whether or not so-called giant-cell myocarditis is a disease entity, is a matter of controversy (Saphir, Tesluk).

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Recently we experienced two autopsy cases of phocomelia and hemimelia probably induced by thalidomide in our department, and an outline of the clinical course and autopsy findings will be presented here.

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Up to this time, the research on the pulse rate was performed only at the rest and during the exercise, but not after the exercise. The latter was n1ore necessary to be studied than the former, in sport medicine and exercise test on cardio vascular diseases. In this report, the arrhythmia in restoring the pulse rate was mathematically analysed by the method of auto-correlation employing the digital computer.

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In recent reports 7·8·18) the pulmonary embolism is said to have in­ creased in number in the United States during the last 10 years and an estimated 3000 persons die from pulmonary embolism each year. The size of the emboli and the pre-embolic states of the patient’s heart and lungs are the fundamental factor to determine the final outcome of pulmonary embolism, but the patient with acute pulmonary embolism is often seriously ill or even moribund, and can not tolerated many examinations. Fowler and Bollinger 11) who had studied 97 fatal cases of pulmonary embolism stated that the death took place within the first hour following embolization in 34 percent. Coon and Coller 7·8) estimated based upon their large autopsy series that the over-all incidence of “significant” pulmonary embolism was 8.8 percent. In 3 percent, pulmonary embolism was thought to be the sole causes of death, while in 6 percent of the entire series the possible longer-term survival of those patients was prevented by pulmonary embolism. In addition, 80 percent of patients with minor pulmonary emboli had no clinical signs. Therefore, the clinical signs of pulmonary embolism are varied. Rosenquist 23) reported based upon his autopsied cases with pulmonary embolism that the massive emboli did not produce massive infarction in any case. According to Parker and Smith’s 20) experimental studies, a simple ligation or embolization of a lobar artery resulted in no formation of infarction. They conclude that the intact bronchial arteries were small but adequate to prevent lung infarction on obstruction of pulmonary artery if the circulation is otherwise normal. The pathological appearances of pulmonary embolism are varied. In addition to those various pathological appearances, many workers 17) have studied on the physiological responses to pulmonary embolism and most of them believe that neurogenic reflexes play important role in massive pulmonary embolism. As mentioned above, the importance of experimental studies about this problem can be estimated.

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The chronological study on the calcification of the human deciduous dentition has been carried out by three methods: Röse 1), Legros et Magitôt 2), Logan et Kronfeld 3) and Arai 4) observed histological specimens; Gantz 5), Aoki 6), Brauer et Bahador 7), Cadenat 8), Takei et Koike 9) used a radiographic method; and Röse 1), Gantz 5), Kraus 10) and Onda 11) dissected out tooth germs with the naked-eye. However, the results obtained did not coincide with each other. To elucidate this problem the author of the present paper made the chronological study, paying special attention to the following points: 1) The exact period at which the soft tissue crown is formed. 2) The appearance of calcification a t mamelons. Whether the calcification begins at three mamelons independently or it occurs at a certain mamelon so as to spread to the others. 3) The sequence of the cusp formation in full detail.

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