An international comparison in the pressure range 20-100MPa has been carried out with the participation of the Standards Laboratories of 13 countries, which took place during the period 1981-1985.
As the transfer gage, an oil-operated dead-weight piston manometer was circulated in a way of petal as the pilot laboratory of LNE (France).
The most results of the measurements of the effective area (nominal 5mm²) show a good agreement within about 100ppm over the whole pressure range.

View full abstract

A pair of anvils made of synthetic sapphire and set opposed was employed for generating high pressures. Each anvil is a beveled rod 3mm high. It has a top flat face with diameter of 1mm and a base flat face with diameter of 5mm. The c-axis of sapphire was chosen parallel to the compression axis within ±1 degree. Various angles for the beveling were tested.
Pressure was generated between the anvils by driving them toward each other, and the pressure was monitored with the shift of fluorescence spectrum of ruby crystals which were embedded in a hole of copper sheet sandwiched between the anvils. Among the various sets of anvils tested, higher pressures were recorded for the anvils with beveled angles between 10 and 18 degrees. This experimental optimization of beveling was consistent with the boundary elements analysis performed for the anvils.

View full abstract

A strength evaluation system for ceramic components called “SCERAS” has been developed. This system includes the assumptions that the fracture strength data of the ceramic material is approximated by the 2-parameter Weibull distribution, and that the crack velocity v can be expressed as v=CKⁿ (K: stress intensity factor, C, n: material constants).
The failure probability of ceramic components is analyzed with respect to the following failure modes under multiaxial stress states;
(1) Fast fracture
(2) Static fatigue fracture and fast fracture after static fatigue
(3) Above mentioned failure modes after proof testing
In this system, the strength evaluation is carried out using the results by the finite element method, so it is applicable to the arbitrarily shaped components subjected to any loading conditions.

View full abstract

The statistical variance was applied in order to determine the polarization resistance of corroding iron in the sulfuric acid solutions with and without potassium sulfate. The proportional constant which correlate the inverse of polarization resistance with corrosion rate was found to vary with the resistivity of solution. The accuracy of corrosion monitoring was improved immensely by introducing the experimental relation between the proportional constant and solution resistivity. The variation of this proportional constant was discussed theoretically.

View full abstract

Recently slurry pipeline system has been successfully used for the transportation of coal, iron ore, iron sand, dredged sand and many kinds of tailings.
The slurry transportation system has many advantages such as efficient use of energy, reliability, and protection of the environment. However, it has also been recognized that the wearing of pipe caused serious problems.
Polyurethane is well known for its excellent resistance to abrasion, though the water vapor permeation rate is significant.
The abrasion and anticorrosive properties of polyurethane lined steel pipe were investigated and discussed.

View full abstract