(Objective) In this research, the relation of care worker' burden and achievement level to the long-term care works was clarified. In addition, we examined whether there is a relation among care work time, stage of long term care need and the burden and the achievement level on each long-term care works. (Methods) This research targeted 209 care worker in six facilities in the welfare institute on long-term care for the aged. It employed theirelf-measured time study research that recorded what type of long-term care work was provided and how long it was caregiven to the residents admitted in the facilities. At the same time, we asked care worker to subjectively evaluate burden level and achievement level in 5 stages. (Results) The burden level on care worker was stronger to the care work for the behavioral disorder, and achievement was stronger to the care works for functional training. Moreover, the moderate correlation between care work time and burden level could be found only in the indirect care works by the Spearman rank correlation. The moderate correlation between the burden and the achievement level could be found in seven categories of care works out of ten, among which consisted of keeping sanitary, medical treatment, movement-transfer-change of position, meal, function training, indirect care works to the residents, and social life support. There was few correlation among the burden level, the achievement level, and stage of long-term care need. (Conclusion) The care worker have both moderate feelings to their achievement for the care service they provide and burden for the care works at the same time. However the burden of nuring to the demented elderly is strong, and the achievement feeling through improvement of the expertise is expected.

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The effects of problem behavior of persons with severe mental retardation at home, caregiver burden and positive affect of their mothers as the primary caregivers on the stress responses of mothers were investigated. The results of analysis using structural equation modeling from 20 mothers suggest that problem behavior has an effect on the burden of caregiver mothers and that the care burden enhances stress responses such as anxiety, burnout and depression. These results were confirmed by subjective complaints of mothers obtained from open questions. In contrast, it was also shown that a positive affective state reduced the stress response. Mothers requested participation in parents' associations and utilized facilities for persons with mental retardation. It was suggested that these social resources were useful to reduce the caregiver burden and the stress responses and enhance a positive affective state. However, at present, local welfare services mentioned above are inadequate for persons with mental retardation and their mothers. Therefore, the social support system should be promoted in order to meet these social welfare needs of persons with severe mental retardation and their mothers to assist them.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the process of support for competitive employment in a Vocational Support Center which cooperates with the Employment and Living Support Center for the Disabled. The survey was conducted on 6 staff members working in the center. The center was set up as an annex to the Employment and Living Support Center for persons with disabilities. Interviews were performed and the data was analyzed using the Shimanouchi Method Rise and Fall Charts. As a result we have found three characteristics unique to the center. 1) The staff of the center feel ambivalent toward the disabled on how to deal with these people on their normalization. 2) They are now trying to understand how their employment support activities should be, and share the knowledge with other supporters outside their institution. 3) The staff expressed their opinion that they need to build a system for the job retention of the disabled, while the director who is in charge of the center emphasized on the need for its stable management. Future research on support for competitive employment for individuals with intellectual disabilities needs to consider the practice and its assessment of challenges by supporting people both from their families and institutions involved.

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