Taking into consideration accent policy evaluation techniques, the characteristics of human service organizations, and the needs of the governmental organizations to be accountable for the public and to provide free access to official documents. This study reviews the appropriate evaluation techniques human service delivery organizations, which emphasizes the viewpoints of the service and examines forms organization necessary for the use of those evaluation techniques. The proposed from of organizations can help people evaluate each element of services apply, the result of the evaluation to the needs of the recipients of the service, reevaluate the degree of recipients' satisfaction with the services and utilize the result of the reevaluation in the delivery of services.

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For the purpose of contributing to the quantitative evaluation of municipalities' health and welfare services for the aged, we made investigations on the actual state of health and welfare services offered by all the 3,257 municipalities (including special wards) in Japan, according to their population sizes. We also investigated the method of expressing the year-to-year variation. As a result, it was clarified that the average values for the small municipalities, particularly for those of a population of less than 5,000, were very high with the exception of some items, but the differences between the municipalities were very large. As to the optimum size of the municipality to carry out these projects, further consideration, including the cost-benefit analysis, seems to be necessary. As to the method of expressing the year - to - year variation, we suggested a method in which the average of the year-to-year variation across the country was used as the standard. Under the present condition that health and welfare services for the aged are being promoted in all parts of the country, it will be necessary not only to investigate merely the increase or the decrease on a year-to-year comparison basis, but also to make a comparison with the rate of increase across the country.

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This study has clarified the factors related to the needs and practices of sports and recreation program in the facilities for care and rehabilitation of people with physical disabilities. The subjects were people with disability who applied to enter the facilities and who were in the facilities for care and rehabilitation of people with physical disabilities in Japan (the number of persons were each 631, 992). Professionals were asked to answer the questionnaire about each person with disabilities, including age, sex, degree of impairment, activities of daily living (ADL), activity level, kinds of training program ,etc. The results were as follows ; 1) Level of ADL related to the needs and practices of sports and recreation program by chi-square test. 2) About sports program, people with low level of ADL had higher needs, but people with high level of ADL took part of sports and recreation program. 3) About recreation program, people with high level of ADL had higher needs, but people with low level of ADL took part of sports and recreation program. This suggests the necessity of setting needs - oriented sports and recreation program by combining the merit of both sports and recreation.

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We investigated the process by which information concerning healthy life style was obtained by parents in order to obtain basic data that may be used for health education in family life. The subjects were 1,461 first-year elementary school pupils who had undergone a physial examination at the age of 3 years at Tachikawa Health Center ; 1,360 subjects were pupils of Tachikawa Elementary School and 101 subjects were pupils of other elementary schools for whom follow-up observation was possible. The items surveyed were gender, age, family composition, father's occupation, mother's occupation, 5 items of points of interest in healthy life style, and 15 sources of information on healthy life style. CHAID analysis, with 5 items of points of interest in healthy life style (nutrition/diet, exercise/fitness-building, recreational activities, prevention of dental caries, prevention of deterioration in eyesight) as the criterion variables and 15 types of information sources as the explanatory variables, was used to investigate the structural characteristics of and the information sources affecting "healthy life style" of children. The results of analysis showed that 1) newspapers, parents with children of the same age, and newsletters from the child's health education teacher at school are the most influential informational sources for nutrition/diet ; 2) television is the most influential informational source for exercise/fitness-building ; 3) newspapers and newsletters from the child's health education teacher at school are the most influential informational sources for recreational activities ; 4) newspapers and newsletters from the child's health education teacher at school are the most influential informational sources for prevention of dental caries ; and 5) television, newspapers, and friends are the most influential informational sources for prevention of deterioration in eyesight.

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The purpose of this study was to examine relations of psychosocial factors to physical functions by gender. The subjects were 586 (294 male, 290 female, and 2 unknown) elderly aged over 60, who had ability to walk without any help in 1992. The items of questionnaire were about demographic data, ADL, and Evaluation of Environmental Stimulation (EES) in 1992 and 1996. The elderly who maintained their physical ability in 1996 were 318 (162 male, and 156 female). The female group of negative answer to 8 items (Watching television, Reading newspapers, Reading books, Participation in neighborhood affairs, Having a hobby, Using electronic equipment, Health motivation, and life style motivation) of EES had significantly higher mean age than the female group of positive answer to those items. Logistic regression analyses were done. In the male group, elderly who had read newspapers or books in subscale 'Social curiosity' maintained their physical ability significantly. In the female group, the various items in the subscale 'Social curiosity' and 'Independence' of EES were significant. The results suggest that psychosocial factors have different influence on maintenance of physical functions between male and female.

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