This review provides information on the latest progress made in Chinese somatic science. Since the publication of the report"Reading by Ear", tremendous investigations and researches have been done.Articles, research reports and videos which were published and circulated through newspapers, magazines and academies are summarized here in the following topics:1)Research on ESP;2)Research on PK;3)Studies in Other Regions;and 4)Theories and Hypotheses.

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The specific applications of hypnosis in pain management will be different depending on the nature and history of the patient's pain.Acute pain is best managed by anxiety-reducing strategies often facilitated by hypnosis.Chronic pain has gradually become a weapon in the control of contingencies in the sufferer's interaction with the internal and external world. It requires strategies that deal with handling one's psychological environment effectively.In such cases the pain may have no clear organic basis, even though from the patient's viewpoint "it hurts." Several powerful hypnotic strategies--relaxation, imagery, ideomotor action, dissociation, self-hypnosis--are available to teach self-control and cognitive mastery.

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In order to verify whether external qigong is influenced by suggestion, the EEG changes under sham and true qigong healing were studied.Sham qigong showed no effects on the EEG of alpha bands, while true qigong increased the alpha waves of subjects.It was suggested that external qigong is independent of suggestion.

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A new system to measure the equivalent admittance on palms is proposed.The equivalent admittance is determined by means of measuring the current flow from the Laogong (労宮) when the alternating voltages are given at the wrists. These obtained equivalent admittances are simulated by a simple CR circuit quite well. The state changes of the subject are clearly observed by the changes of C and R values in this system.

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Qigong therapy is a popular health treatment that is carried out in many countres, including Japan. However, its effectiveness ofthe remedy has not been determined yet. Four qigong master therapists who are capable of conducting high-leveltechniques participated in this experiment. The changes occurring in the levels of natural killer(NK)cell activity, interleukin-2(IL-2), and the ratio of CD4/CD8 in venous blood were measured before and after a 40-minute qigong therapy session to study the relationship between qigong masters and their patients, and to check the varying abilities of each qigong master.In the case of qigong master A who used his own internal qi, the NK cell activity level decreased immediately after the qigong therapy, but there was an increase in the level of his patient. Qigong masters B, C and D used universal qi and their NK cell activity level increased whereas each patient's cell activity level decreased.The IL-2 level of the patients of qigong master D decreased.The ratio of CD4/CD8 of all subjects did not change.There were indications that qigong therapy conducted on patients had some effects on their immune capacity.

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Qigong is a traditional Chinese health method and therapeutic treatment. Dioa Xi (consciously regulating the breathing pattern)is an element of Qigong. We have reported that when during Qigong meditation the breathing became slower and the exhalation became much longer than the inhalation. Bi Xi breathing exercise is a Qigong breathing method, which can make Qi energy go up and improve blood circulation. In this experiment, when the Qigong master and beginners were doing Bi Xi breathing exercises, the skin temperatures, electroencephalogram(EEG), respiration, ECG and heart rates were observed. The skin temperature significanthly rose and the brain and autonomic nerves system became deeply relaxed. We also studied the physiological mechanism of Bi Xi breathing exercise.

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Neiyang-gong was developed at Beidaihe Qigong Rehabilitation Hospital.It is said that regulated respiration plays a major role in Nei Yong Gong.In this paper, we hypothesized that physiological changes during Neiyang-gong depend on the pattern of the respiration cycle(inspiration→expiration→stop).In order to compare the physiological changes between the qigong master and normal subjects, we made normal subjects breathe with the same patten as the Neiyang-gong respiration cycle.While the qigong master was doing Neiyang-gong, his R-R interval radically increased.In contrast, with normal subjects, no such radical increase was observed during the respiration.These results suggest that the Physiological change during Neiyang-gong is not attributable to the pattern of the respiration cycle alone.

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The analyzed results of electroencephalograms (EEGs) on the implicit perception related to somatic sensation between a qigong master (qi sender) and an ordinary person (qi receiver) in a sensory-shielded state were reported by this group in this journal (15(1)88-96, 1997, and 16(2)274-283, 1998).Continuing from the earlier works, in the present paper, those EEGs of the qi sender are divided into two groups, i.e.during sending qi or not, and the differences of α wave mean amplitudes were statistically tested. Statistically significant increases of α wave mean amplitudes were found on the qi-sending period at the right parietal-frontal area around the somatic sensory-motor field.These results are discussed on the basis of the attention theory in cognitive science.

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In a series of previous studies, we have established a method to quantitatively analyze intellectual resonance based on a concrete message. This method allows us to analyze how and to what extent intellectual resonance occurs in a group, throuhg the use of digital information such as numbers and characters. In this method, participants take their seats and fill out special cards according to game instructions. The degree of coincidence among neighboring participants is then examined and scores are assigned to the results. The scores are evaluated using mathematical tools within a probability theory framework. In this study, we analyzed the data 24 of trials conducted by 32 participants over the course of eight weeks, with the purpose to evaluate the influence of distance on the degree of synchronization. The participants were instructed to carry out three different types of trials in sequence. The three types of trials were as follows: one with an aim for resonance("positive trial"); one with an aim for no resonance ("negative trial"); and one with no aim ("neutral trial"). One half of the trials were done in a close seat arrangement, the rest of the trials were done in a distant seat arrangement. The degree of synchronization was evaluated by mean scores. Our results revealed that mean scores showed a tendency that the degree of synchronization was lower in distant seat arrangement than in close seat arrangement. The same tendency was seen in every four direction component. These results suggested the possibility that synchronization phenomena have distance dependency.

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It is said that the tasts of sake is changed by the Qi irradiation. We studied this phenomenon by irradiating aqueous solutions such as brandy and sake with EQR. The changes of half-widths of ^17O-NMR spectrum and viscosity before and after EQR irradiation were examined. We found that the half-width of the brandy and sake spectra become smaller after EQR irradiation, like the spectra of mineral waters and viscosity also changes.

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Using the hypothesis that group therapy is effective for slowing progression of dementia in the demented elderly because its stimuli activate the participants physically and mentally, we investigated the effect of group therapy on dementia symptoms. We found that a positive approach such as group therapy is very important for demented patients to not suffer further deterioration, or to improve.

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The human brain has become a main target of scientific explorations.X-rays (X-CT), magnetic resonances (MRI), radioisotope tracing (SPECT and PET)and recordings of electrical activities (EEG and MEG)has been extensively used to image regional brain topology of function as well as anatomy. Basic techniques and utilities of these instruments are reviewed and possible applications for mind science are discussed.

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Electrical signals(EEG, EMG, ECG etc.)in the human body fluctuate and are used for clinical diagnosis as vital signs. Recently, there have been some efforts to apply chaos theory to them, to make a diagnosis, and apply them to treatment.Therefore, using our data such as EEG, pulse ECG, and RE-EMG(H-wave), we show an analytical method of fluctuation in the human body(focussing on frequency analysis and chaos analysis)and the Physiological meaning of fluctuation.

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It was found that a gauge field(vector potential field)created by a vector potential generator exerts biomedical influences on the electrodermal activities of skin surfaces, heart beats, blood pulse shapes, and the temperature of skin surfaces, that is, it affects the autonomous nervous system. Furthermore, it was found that the vector potential field influences half widths of NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance)spectra peaks and viscosity coefficients of liquids. A human body emits a vector potential field bwcause there are electric currents in the body. This suggests that a human body would exert biomedical influences on another body. The authors will give explanations concering the above, and discuss future prospects.

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Today, even mind and consciousness became target of scientific research.A single square voltage pulse method has been used in great variety as a effective tool to study mind effects. The basic principle of this skin impedance measurement method and applications of it will be noted. SSVP method can be understood by term of electrical equivalent circuit model and power function for responsive current waveform. It is clarified that biophysically important parameter AP is related to autonomic nervous system and BP is correlated to blood flow and so-called Qi flow. Application of a single square voltage pulse method is introduced, some examples of which are response to various kind of stimulus, distribution of parameter, biological rhythm, autonomic nervous system function, Zen and Qi-gong.

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