The ultimate goal of eliminating diseases and maintaining normal health is same both in western (modern) medicine and oriental (traditional) medicine. At the present time, the western medicine tends to take more scientific technological approach in their practice while the oriental medicine still maintain more humanistic approach. 5000 year old traditional medicine still challenges the 21 century scientific modern medicine in the field of clinical practices. The "disease-oriented" western medicine classify the human condition as "diseased and non-diseased" states. In the mean time the "health-oriented" oriental medicine classify it into "healthy and unhealthy" states. For the maintenance of normal health, five principles are emphasized. They are (1) eat right, (2) move right, (3) sleep right, (4) breathe right, and (5) mind right. To reverse an unhealthy condition back to normal healthy state, the methods of (1) natural substance therapy, (2) exercise therapy, and (3) stimulation therapies including acupuncture, moxibustion, finger pressure, and cupping techniques. In order to eliminate the diseases, four distinct approaches namely c chemical, (2) physical, (3) psychological, and (4) surgical treatments are utilized. There are so many different kinds of traditional medicine, hidden popular folk medicine, and various less recognized techniques and theories of healing arts. Some are originated in oriental culture while others are originated in western culture. Experts of western medicine claim that only those informations clarified or proven by the objective and scientific methodology can be recognized as a part of western (conventional) medicine. All other medical cares and health care modalities are collectively labelled as "alternative medicine or complementary medicine". In United States and other European countries the alternative medicine include oriental medicine, but in far eastern region particularly in Korea, taking the dual licensing system, the oriental medicine is not included in alternative medicine. According to most recent discussions regarding the definition of health by WHO is that "total health should include physical, mental, psych-social, and spiritual wellbeing". Alternative medicine provides wider range of methodology to handle this new concept of total approach for the care of a whole person, that is "heal a person" and not merely "cure an organic disease". The mind consists of emotion, knowing, consciousness, intuition, and soul factor, whereas the body consists of form, strength, energy field, vital force, and genetic factor. When all these ten mind-body factors are in harmony and balance to each other, the healing mechanism is activated to its maximal level. Accordingly total health can be achieved only when they are in full harmony.

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It is mainly in Japan that recent studies in "Mind-Body Science" and "Human Potential Science" are making physical and physiological measurements. Results are presented at the "Life Information Science Symposium" held twice a year by the International Society of Life Information Science (ISLIS) the head office of which is in the author's NIRS laboratory and also results appear in the Journal of International Society of Life Information Science (Journal of ISLIS). Many data from EEG, PET, fMRI and various devices are being collected and reported. The author's group members have studied qigong states using a recently developed device, Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS) by which 24 point data of hemoglobin density of the brain can be given.

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Integrative medicine integrating conventional medicine (modern western medicine, MWM) with CAM is considered as the ideal medicine in the 21st century. The MWM is based on science, however CAM is based on experience which need scientific evidence. In order to certify the evidence of the effects and safety on CAM, bridging from MWM to CAM by the scientific methodology -biomedical engineering- is necessary. By the approach of biomedical engineering using thermography, laser, EEC, pulse diagnosis, the effects of CAM such as acupuncture, massage, meditation etc. were studied.

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Scientific study of Qigong is thriving in Japan, the USA and Europe. We believe that the recognition of Qigong as a medicinal field complementary to Western medicine has grown, particularly in the US. Here we would like to report on external Qigong, using physiological measurements, as an approach to understanding the essence of Qi in medical treatment. We would like to consider the questions "When a Qigong Master treats patients using external Qigong, what far infrared rays are emitted from his fingertips?" and "What are the low frequency vibration phenomenon emitted from the fingertips in external Qigong?" We were able to detect electrical energy of low frequency vibrations from the fingers from GSR data. We saw that though there was a weak vibration in internal Qigong, the vibration was stronger in external Qigong. The electrical-type of power emitted in external Qigong was not at a set rate, but rather a momentary emission. This conformed to the change in pulse and R-point voltage in external Qigong. By researching this power we believe that it is possible to measure the level of a Qi Master's external Qi.

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We propose Qi-flow as the flow of life-information of DNA and quantum-information of coherent biophoton through the acupuncture meridians. This model requires the physical reality of the meridians through which granules of DNA flow. In addition the granules of DNA should have life-information, and should emit biophoton coherently. Such a physical structure with flowing granule of DNA was found in 1960's by Bonghan Kim. The anatomical structure of acupuncture meridians was a new circulatory system that is completely different from the nervous system, lymphatic channels, and blood vascular system. The physiological function is related with development, and cell-therapy by the granules of DNA. That is the granule of DNA is, in modern terms, a universal toti-potent adult stem-cell. Bonghan theory has been forgotten until recently when intravascular Bonghan system was rediscovered. The life-information of DNA-granule is more than genetic coding: It includes information that enables to repair and regenerate cells in damaged tissues. Furthermore DNA emits biophotons that are quantum coherent, and the quantum nature of biophotons from DNA enables the quantum communication through the Bonghan system.

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The present experiments focus on the skills involved in the traditional Japanese martial art called "toh-ate". Toh-ate is a non-contact attack by one person against another when the two are separated by some distance. For the experiments, 6 pairs of veteran practitioners of martial arts participated. Three pairs were practitioners of Japanese martial arts and the other pairs were practitioners of Chinese qigong. As control, 6 pairs (non-trainees) participated; these persons had no martial arts training. Two subjects of a pair were put in separate rooms with communicational deprivation and the experimenters measured physiological changes of one of the two, acting as a Receiver, when the other, acting as a Sender, attempted to make a remote attack on the Receiver at a distance. The Receiver was seated in a Farady cage and the Sender performed only one "sending" motion per 80-second trial on double blinded and randomized conditions. When the Sender or Receiver pushed a switch as the event marker, output signals were produced. The signals were recorded as the sending time or the response time, along with physiological data, by recorders. No anomalous changes of average gradient of skin temperature of the Receiver's palm were observed around the sending time. Totally 797 data were available for analyses of time coincidence between motions of the Sender and Receiver. There was no significant coincidence at time-difference is Osec. However, two pairs of Chinese qigong practitioners showed 5% significance peaks at +11 sec. If these delay peaks were caused by toh-ate, their sending performances were longer than several seconds.

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Certain minerals can produce alkaline reduced water with high pH and low oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) when dissolved in water. Alkaline reduced water (ARW) showed significant anticancer effect. When B16 melanoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously and intra-peritoneally, C56BL/6 mice fed with ARW showed tumor growth delay and the survival span was significantly lengthened. ARW also showed the inhibition of metastasis by reducing the numbers of B16 melanoma colonies when injected through tail vein. The amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was very reduced when fed with ARW except for spleen, which is a major organ for immunity. Even for normal mice, ARW intake invoked systemic cytokines, such as, Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-12) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5), suggesting strong immuno-modulation effect. Both ROS scavenging effect and immuno-modulation effect might be responsible for anticancer effect of alkaline reduced water.

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We studied the application of external Qigong as an example of CAM to relieve the side effects in hemodialysis patients. In order to scientifically verify the effect of Qigong therapy, tcPO_2 and tcPCO_2, deep body temperature, blood flow of peripheral circulation, and body surface temperatures were measured. Qigong treatment was found to cause the parasympathetic nerve to acquire superiority, probably thereby improving the peripheral circulation through the expansion of the peripheral blood vessel. Electroencephalogram measurements during the external Qigong treatment led to the elucidation that a wave takes a relatively strong relaxed state under the treatment.

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External Qi-therapy is a process by which vital energy (Qi) is transmitted from a Qi-master to another person for the purpose of preventing and curing disease, as well as protecting and improving health through regulation of mind and body. Some believe that Qi-therapy is effective because it not only reduces sympathetic activity, but also enhances parasympathetic activity. Hence, the autonomic nervous function has been a subject of interest in the physiological studies of Qi-training. Forty normal healthy subject were recruited and randomly assigned into intervention and placebo control group. The power sp ectrum of heart rate was examined pre and post-interventions. It was found that Qi-therapy increase the high frequency power (HF) and decreases the low frequency power (LF) and LF/HF ratio of heart rate of variability. These results support the hypothesis that Qi-therapy increase cardiac parasympathetic tone. Our study reveals that Qi-therapy in healthy young subjects increases the HF power and decreases the LF/HF ratio of HRV. These results support that Qi-therapy increases the cardiac parasympathetic tone in healthy young subjects compare to placebo control. The augmented HRV in Qi-therapy group provides further support for Qi-therapy as a possible nonpharmacological cardio-protective maneuver.

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With the help of a famous Chinese qigong master, Xiang Yong Zhang, video recording were made for the interactions between a sender and a receiver at three different distances remote qi emission. In the first case, the sender, Mr. Zhang, remotely emitted qi from a park in Shenyang Gty, China for 30 minutes to a receiver located in a hotel room in the same city approximately 8 km away. In the second case, Mr. Zhang conducted the remote qiemission from a qigong master training school in Tokyo to the receiver located 1200 km away in a hotel room in Miyazaki Gty. In the third case, Mr. Zhang was in the Koishikawa Garden and transmitted qi to the receiver at the Tokyo qigong master training school, 5 km away. Although there was a delay in the interactions between the sender and the receiver, the receiver exhibited movements that were much more than simple body movements, such as turning over, suggesting the occurrence of some form of information transmission. There was no difference in die response to remote qi emission at different distances.

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The six-sound qigong exercise is a traditional Chinese qigong exercise for self-care therapy and treatment. The six-sound qigong was developed by Dr. Litang Ma (1903-1989) who was well-known in the fields of Chinese traditional medicine, Wu Shu and qigong. The basic method of six-sound qigong uses body action, especially the six utterances, combined with concentration of the mind. Here we show physiological results of blood flow and BPM from different levels of practitioners, and we evaluate six-sound qigong effects for the body, especially the heart. We want to incorporate these findings into a plan for optimal training of practitioners.

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One of the three old Korean scriptures, Sam II Shin Go, contains well defined concept of Ki. Sam II Shin Go means the teachings of God on Three and One. Its origin goes back to more than thousands of years. This scripture describes on the nature and origins of human beings and all other materials. According to this scripture, there are two kinds of Ki, i.e., One Ki[一氣], and Ki[氣]. The self-organization of One Ki results in a dynamic state of the interaction of three elements, Mind[心], Ki[氣],Body[身], In this paper, the difference in concept and properties between One Ki and Ki has been discussed including the nature of the self-organization of One Ki.

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Holistic Medicine is a system of health care that fosters a cooperative relationship among all those involved, leading towards optimal attainment of the physical, mental emotional, social and spiritual aspects of health. Holistic meridians is the process to use control of meridians system and various factors to have a influence on physiology system that our body is restored to normal condition from condition of disharmony of the energy.

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Introduce principle of the organ massage that is the core of alternative medicine and the effect, and pimple administration law, and real application result of the organ massage is introduced. A skin is a mirror of organ inner body, and a face is a signal lamp reflecting in a health condition. By the way, if we does not take care of skin trouble source and are going to overuse cometics and depends on medication and a surgical operation and remove only an external symptom of a skin, we can get exorbitant side effects called "skin functional loss". We can get beauty of natural skin as well as health by throw-in if we receive signal with modesty that skin talks about my body and solves methodically from the cause, when problem of skin occurred, we must remove a toxin of organ and take balance of it so, capability to be able to cure trouble by skin itself is important first of all. The majority of a skin disease to happen to a face is due to "heat". A pimple is the cause that excessive heat is direct. Therefore, pimple is called "Heat flower". It is just a pimple that excessive heat of the body rises with a face. I wish to introduce principle and method that fall facial excessive fever by massaging each viscera directly according to pimple form through Organ massage skin care program and to rule over a pimple from the inside.

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Ayurveda is a wholistic system of healing which evolved in ancient India some 3000-5000 years ago. According to Ayurveda everything in the universe, including human beings, is composed of the Panchamahabhutas (five elements). And, the three main energies : Tridoshas form human body. It teaches us to balance tridoshas in order to achieve optimum health and well being. Ayurvedic medicine based on metabolic body type (dosha) theory. Ayurveda is staged for convert modern medicine and various researches tried to combine current medicine with Ayurveda.

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We studied the relation between the biophoton emission rates and blood flow in the human hand using highly sensitive PMTs. Biophotons from the left and right palms of a human were simultaneously measured while pressure was applied on the left upper arm. The pressure applied by a tourniquet ranged from under-diastolic pressure to over-systolic pressure. The biophoton emission rate from the left palm decreased as the pressure on the arm increased. Beyond a certain pressure, no considerable change was observed. While applying pressure, a decrease in the temperature of the left palm was detected. However, the correlation between the change in temperature and biophoton emission was not strong. Biophoton measurements can be utilized to study the function of the human cardiovascular system with relative ease.

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Most of the magnetic fields produced by nerve excitement currents in a living body are nullified by interference. One of us pointed out the significance of investigating biomedical influences of interference nullified fields (in other words, interference opposed-fields) in the research field of qigong mechanism, and reported the experimental fact that an AC interference opposed-field produced by a coil has significant biomedical influences. However, biomedical influences by DC interference opposed-fields have not been investigated yet. In the present experiment, influences were examined for the opposed-fields of DC magnetic fields and DC vector potential fields produced by a non-induction coil on electrodermal activities of the human body. Skin electroconductivity was measured before and after irradiating the chest for 4 minutes by the DC interference opposed-fields. The conductivity decreased significantly (p<0.01, n=6). This suggested that the interference opposed-fields had biomedical influences, and that the fields actually existed in the physical world, although they are nullified mathematically. The possibility was suggested that the interference opposed-fields produced by currents flowing in a living body such as a qigong healer would have biomedical influences on other bodies, without touching or invading them.

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We measured biophotons from the palm and dorsum of left and right hands of ten cold patients. The quantity of biophotons was not balanced and the overall trend changed according to the symptom of the patients. After they had recovered from their cold, the biophoton emission rates were also balanced. This suggests that the state of a patient can be monitored more accurately based on biophoton measurement.

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The colors of the five-element color table in Oriental medicine were the starting point for this study. There are psychological reports in which a surrounding color is shown to be able to affect a person's mental condition, and a report in which a color is shown to be able to be distinguished by a blindfolded person using his hands or forehead for sensing. Considering these phenomena, we examined how the differences of color would relate to the consciousness and recognition process of a color. Information on electromagnetic waves (light) received in the retina is perceived in the first sensory receptive field of the occipital lobe while distinguishing each color (color degree) by its brightness. After this, the information is processed in the 18th and 19th fields of the occipital lobe for secondary sensing, and recognition is made from each particular color's information. These fields are considered to be where visual information has been formed as the person developed and grew, and based on the information developed and memorized through interactions with the surrounding environment and the person's lifestyle during the growth process, a color is recognized. Color recognition is considered to appear as a relationship to a color which is peculiar to a race.

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The purpose of this study was measuring abdomen surface skin temperature difference by generating MFs basing on Hanseo bio-Magnetic Meridian Therapy (HMMT). In order to measure temperature differences, thermography has been used. 32 participants (2 male and 30 females) were involved in this experiment. Body temperature of each participant was checked by thermogrphy before and after having a sleep and taking HMMT. The upper part of the body was divided into 9 areas and mean score of body temperature over each part was analyzed by Paired T-test. In results, after taking HMMT, a significant temperature difference appeared (p<0.01) compare to having a sleep over 9 parts (navel and right and left sides of anterior chest, the upper abdomen, the middle abdomen and the lower abdomen). 11 out of 32 participants' abdomen surface skin temperature rose by 1.0 deg after taking HMMT. Moreover, a more significant finding is that, after taking HMMT, 4 out of the 11 participants' abdomen temperature climbed by 2.0 deg.

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Subjects' EEGs were measured with other physiological indicators, such as respiration, pulse and SpO_2, while listening to a kind of healing music, having its origin in nature. This music is said to have special therapeutic effects in its sound and utterance. Two males and two females aged from their 30's to 50's participated in this study. They had regularly joined in group healing sessions. During the present experimental session, subjects lay down and listened to music recorded on CDs for one hour and a half. EEGs during the session showed characteristics of the non-REM state. These occurred from the first to sometimes the third sleep stage and many sleep spindles were observed. At the same time REM-like stages were also observed and some dreams were reported. Furthermore the awake stages were mingled. Although the heart rate and the EEG frequency decreased during the session, the respiration rate was comparatively fast. The physiological state during the session was considered to be complex. Further analyses of the neuron activities of the brain inside and of fast components of the EEGs are required.

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We measured biophoton emission from palms and backs of hands before and after one-hour magnetic treatment on acupuncture points according to Han-Seo bio-Magnetic Meridian Therapy (HMMT). We found that biophoton emission rates changed significantly for some subjects. There were exceptional cases especially for a certain patients, but its diagnostic significance should be further studied. The physiological effects of magnetic stimulation on acupuncture points can be objectively evaluated by the measurement of biophoton emission rates.

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The practice of the Pharmacoacupuncture comprising two major basic philosophies of oriental medicine, herb medicine and meridian theories, is being performed using the injecting devices based on the basic pharmacologic principles of modern western medicine. So the Pharmacoacupuncture can be called a harmonization of oriental and modern western medicine, and a stepping stone for Future Integrated Medicine. The Pharmacoacupuncture attempts to cure a disease or help correct physical constitution by adopting 'triple heater regulation' method. The value of the Pharmacoacupuncture as a means of conquering chronic degenerative diseases is to be discussed through case analysis.

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Yoga, which means "recombination" in Sanskrit, has been recently confirmed to have various physiological effects. We examined changes of electroencephalographs (EEGs) and cellular immunity before, during, and after yoga exercises, in an endeavor to detect any correlation between them. During the pranayama period, we observed a positive correlation between the change in abundance of activated alpha waves and the ratio of changes in NK activity. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the change in abundance of the activated alpha waves and the ratio of changes in the number of T lymphocytes. These findings suggest that yoga creates a stress-free and mentally concentrative state which activates the functions of NK cells and T lymphocytes within a short period of time. However a negative correlation was observed between the change in the abundance of the activated alpha waves and the ratio of changes in the number of B lymphocytes during the pranayama period. We conclude from these results that yogic practice may be able to help recover a person's mental and physical harmony in our stress-laiden modern society. The original meaning of yoga, "recombination", is considered to express some "re-activation" of a latent ability of harmonization which humans naturally possess.

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This study was to determine the standard of criteria for differential diagnosis of signs and symptoms. It was selected signs and symptoms related to heart which stands for Fire(火) as a kind of five phase(五行). Eleven experts was asked to evaluate the adequateness of criteria which was developed by Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine(KIOM) and to suggest the amendment of them. To implement the study, we used the questionnaire which asks about the diagnosis criteria for an insufficiency of the heart-qi(心氣虚證), deficiency of the heart blood(心血虚證), deficiency of the heart-yin(心陰虚證), insufficiency of the heart-yang(心陽虚證), exuberant fire due to hyperactivity of the heart(心火亢盛證), stagnation of the heart blood(心血〓阻證), heart disturbed by phlegm-fire(痰火擾心證), attack of the heart by retainedfluid(水氣凌心證). Every criteria consists of primary symptoms, secondary symptoms, tongue findings, and pulse findings. In perspectives of the classification of patterns for signs and symptoms and criteria for diagnosis, the result shows that the previous standard doesn't have so many problem. So many of experts were agree with the criteria which was suggested but the trend is that they use, in their actual practice, less than the criteria. Additionally, they pointed that every element in a criterion should have the different weight value, criteria for the overlapped pattern should be added, and, in future, criteria which are based on clinical investigation should be established

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In order to observe the effect of Pause Breathing (PB) patterns on Autonomic Nervous and determine the Yin and Yang modulating mechanism of PB, two different PB patterns: Inhaling-Exhaling-Pause (I-E-P), Inhaling-Pause-Exhaling (I-P-E) with two different respiratory frequencies: 16 breaths/min and 5 breaths/min were observed on 10 healthy adults. We used R-R interval spectral analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) to determine the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) and Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) activities. We found (1) I-E-P and I-P-E at 16 breaths/min didn't exert significant influence on autonomic nervous systems, (2) Both I-E-P and I-P-E at 5 breaths/min increased sympathetic activity, on basis of which, I-E-P which could enhance exhaling, also increased parasympathetic activity, and I-P-E which could enhanced inhaling, induced more increased sympathetic activity. From the view of Chinese Medical theory, the former breathing had the action of strengthening Yang, while the latter reducing Heat and enhancing Yin. (3) There were physiological after-effects after the respiratory regulation.

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The word ch'i literally means 'gas' or 'ether', and was used in ancient China to denote the vital breath or energy animating the cosmos. It is said that "The 'life force' was simply the electric force." even in the present science. In the dawn of the 20th century, Planck discovered quantum of action an element "h" and then Freud, too, "unconsciousness" by dream interpretation. In 1924, the German psychiatrist Hans Berger discovered that the human brain generates electrical impulses that fluctuate rhythmically. In succession, the Uncertainty Principle was established by Wemer Heisenberg. In 1955, Tomio Hirai clarified the specific 9-waves that vibrate during Zen meditation, and at the beginning of the 1970's, Magnetoencephalograph(MEG) was developed in America, so in 1995, Kazuo Sasaki found out 9-waves by utilizing it. Since the end of 1970's, the scientific research for the Qigong was started in China. Under the influence of the information, the scientific measurement of the Qigong has been carried out also in Japan. We understood "Qi" what has low frequency undulation by the measurement. I suggested " EEGs are electromagnetic radiation. "Here I describe the "Qi" using Planck's constant "h" that is the core of the quantum theory.

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We proposed a new capacitance measuring system which has the following features: 1) low operating frequency without any effect on measurement objects; 2) highly precise measurement capability without using a large current; 3) a simple sturdy structure in which the electrodes are shielded by insulator and there is no connection between the measuring device and objective LC resonant circuit; and 4) reliability confirmed by the long operating history of a key component, the dipmeter. From many experimental results, we confirmed that this equipment is quite suitable for highly precise capacitance measurements.

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Ginseng Radix (GR) is the root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae). GR has been used for palpitations with anxiety, insomnia, forgetfulness, and restlessness from Deficient Qi and Blood. Maternal separation (MS) in early life is very stressful for the neonate. It causes perturbation of neuroendocrine and physiological conditions, and increases vulnerability for psychiatric diseases and neuronal degeneration. In order to investigate the protective effects of GR on the interference of cell proliferation induced by MS in the dentate gyrus (DG), we administered it to rat pups with MS. Rat pups (outbred SD strain) were separated from their mothers on postnatal day 14 and treated with GR (100 mg/kg) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) (50 mg/kg) for 7 days, after which BrdU-specific immunohistochemistry was carried out. In the separation group, the number of BrdU-positive cells in the DG was significantly decreased than in control (p<0.05). In contrast, in the ginseng-treated group with MS, the number of BrdU-positive cells in the DG was significantly increased than in the separation group, as expected (p<0.05). These results indicate that GR protects the interference of cell proliferation induced by MS, and we suggest that GR may be useful in the treatment of the diseases associated with MS.

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The purpose of the present work was to investigate a mechanism of consciousness and life energy from the viewpoint of quantum theory and holographic principle. The mechanism of consciousness and life energy for human beings is considered to have macroscopic quantum condensation-like characteristics. A model with consciousness/life energy E_<CL>=hv_<CL>=hv_<All>-mc^2/h is proposed based on minute waves with high frequency VCL expressed as V_<CL>>mc^2/h. It is believed that the ECL would bring characteristics of Boson-like behavior such as quantum entanglement, Bose-Einstein condensation and tunneling photons. The ECL also might correspond to dark energy that is unknown for advanced cosmology and is deeply related to the cosmological constant ∧g_<μv> in Einstein's equation. Since the spacetime of the universe has four dimensions, all information is recorded on a three-dimensional boundary from a holographic principle. All the coded information of I_<HB-CL>&le;1.2R^2×10^<66> bits is believed to correspond to ECL, and an information-transformation model of 'consciousness → life energy → matter' was proposed.

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