Although many psychological studies have reported on the mechanisms of unsafe behaviours, such as human error and violation of safety rules, few studies have focused on safety education aiming to decrease such behaviours. The purpose of this paper was to examine the effectiveness of experience-based safety education about unsafe behaviours that used the human-error-inducing programme developed by Usui (2008). Eighty-seven firemen experienced the PC-based programme about either distraction or violation. The participants reported improvement in their attitude to risk-taking in daily life after the education (Study 1). They also decreases in violation and risk-taking approximately six months after the education (Study 2). The effectiveness of the human-error-inducing programme is discussed in light of the findings from these two studies.

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In Thailand, labour markets are characterized by having a large proportion of the labour force employed in informal sectors that lack of well labour protection. The aim of this research was to examine occupational accidents and health problems related to working conditions in informal workers by focusing on taxi drivers, motorbike taxi drivers, hairdressers and tailors in Bangkok, Thailand. A total of 300 informal workers were recruited in a descriptive cross-sectional study using self-administrated questionnaires. The contents of questionnaires consisted of sociodemographic characteristics, history and severity of occupational accidents, and health problems in working conditions. Our study found that the study participants had experienced various occupational accidents and health problems due to inappropriate working conditions. Despite the small samples analyzed, our findings may be a hint to understand the current working conditions and problems in these occupations. The community health system can be applied for collecting occupational health data in informal workers, and this may be the first step to overview the occupational health and safety problems in informal workers and will thus encourage further interventions.

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This study was to examine the contribution of safety education programmes to patient safety culture in hospital nursing. A cross-sectional survey of 1,475 nurses in internal/external clinical settings was conducted in twenty hospitals with more than 200 inpatient beds. The response rate was 81.4%. The respondents answered an anonymous self-administrated questionnaire asking items of Patient Safety Climate Scale (PSCS), demographic and environmental factors and the type of safety education programmes conducted in their hospitals. Logistic regression analysis using propensity score was performed to examine relationships between safety education programmes and patient safety culture. The results indicated more positive effects of experienceoriented training on maturity of patient safety culture (the range of adjusted odds ratios (OR) among PSCS factors: 1.90-2.78), compared to non-organized education. The findings suggest that diversified safety education programmes based on experience-oriented training are effective ways to strengthen patient safety culture in hospital nursing.

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