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A Comparison of Exercise Hemodynamic Variables
Hiroshi YAMASE, Tetsuya KAKIMOTO, Hideki FUJITA, Susik KIM, Takashi YA ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
385-390
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
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This study evaluated the clinical value of the ST/HR slope and exercise hemodynamic variables for the severity of coronary artery lesions. Twenty-nine patients with effort angina pectoris underwent ergometer exercise during right side heart catheterization. The ST/HR slope failed to differentiate three groups stratified by the number of involved coronary vessels. The ST/HR slope was uncorrelated with the Gensini score (r=0.24). By contrast, pulmonary capillary pressure (PCP), cardiac output index (CI) and CI/PCP at peak exercise correlated significantly with the Gensini score (r=0.73, 0.53 and 0.69, respectively). We conclude that the ST/HR slope is not a useful predictor of the severity of coronary artery lesions, while exercise hemodynamic variables measured by right side heart catheter are useful.
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Masato TSUTSUI, Hiroaki SHIMOKAWA, Shingo YOSHIHARA, Atsushi SOBASHIMA ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
391-401
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
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It has been hypothesized that intracellular magnesium deficiency is a pathogenetic factor in acute myocardial infarction. This study examined the time course of changes in the erythrocyte magnesium concentration and the correlation between the erythrocyte magnesium concentration and the severity of acute myocardial infarction in 49 consecutive patients with transmural acute myocardial infarction. The data were compared with results from 20 control patients without ischemic heart disease. The erythrocyte magnesium concentration (mg/d
l) decreased significantly during the acute phase of the infarction (4.86±0.09 on day 1, 4.89±0.10 on day 2 and 4.86±0.10 on day 3 versus 5.26±0.19 for controls, all P<0.05) and then normalized gradually to 5.25±0.10 on day 28. The serum magnesium concentration (mg/d
l) also decreased significantly during the acute phase of the infarction (1.93±0.04 on day 1 and 2.11±0.03 on day 2 versus 2.26±0.08 for controls, all P<0.05), before recovering to 2.28±0.06 on day 28. There were significant correlations between the erythrocyte magnesium concentration on day 1 and maximal values of serum cardiac enzymes (r=-0.30 for creatine kinase, r=-0.34 for glutamic oxaloacetie transaminase and r=-0.57 for lactate dehydrogenase, all P<0.05). Moreover, the erythrocyte magnesium concentration was significantly lower in patients with (4.32±0.08mg/d
l, n=13) than in those without (5.06±0.09mg/d
l, n=36, P<0.0001) serious arrhythmias. These data indicate that intracellular magnesium deficiency is involved in the acute phase of myocardial infarction.
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Rachad M. SHOUCRI
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
403-417
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
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This study presents new mathematical relations to link oxygen consumption to different areas under the end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR). The approach consists of approximating the relation between oxygen consumption and left ventricular pressure by a quadratic polynomial, and then relating the coefficients of the quadratic polynomial to different areas under the ESPVR. The procedure applies to both ejecting contraction and isovolumic contraction. The concept of external energy reserve, EER, is introduced and experimental data that corroborate the derived theoretical results are discussed. The clinical significance of the results obtained enhances the potential possibility of using ESPVR in clinical work.
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Kimihiro TANAKA, Akira FURUSE
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
419-428
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
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A new technique to block conduction from both atria to the atrio-ventricular node (A-V node) was devised through anatomical considerations of the junctional area. To assess the validity of the technique, a series of experiments were performed in mongrel dogs. Under cardiopulmonary bypass, the interatrial septum was incised along the tendon of Todaro, followed by cryosurgical ablation of the approach to the A-V node. Postoperative electrophysiological studies revealed complete conduction block between both atria and the A-V node. A spontaneous A-V nodal rhythm was produced. Initial activation was proved to be within the junctional area. This technique may lead to improved surgical management for atrial fibrillation and other supra-ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
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Yasuhiro YAMAHARA, Jun ASAYAMA, Takashi MATSUMOTO, Hiroshi MIYAZAKI, T ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
429-437
Published: 1993
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Cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) plays an important role in regulation of the intracellular Ca
2+ concentration. It is well known that intracellular Ca
2+ overload is one cause of reperfusion injury. Thus, it is predicted that reperfusion injury of myocardium can be prevented by eliminating the Ca
2+ overload. This study examined the effects of caffeine, a SR blocker, on reperfusion injury in isolated perfused rat hearts. Working hearts were reperfused for 25min after 30 or 50min of ischemia. Caffeine (10
-4M) was administered during the period of ischemia or the initial 5min of reperfusion. The left ventricular pressure and the electrocardiogram were recorded. Ratepressure products were calculated as an index of cardiac function. Adenine nucleotides were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography to assess energy charge. The administration of caffeine for a short period during the initial reperfusion significantly improved cardiac function in the hearts. Caffeine pretreatment during 50min of ischemia, though, resulted in deterioration of both energy charge and cardiac function. Caffeine did not affect the incidence of either ventricular fibrillation or reversion to sinus rhythm. The energy charges were lower in the preparations with sustained ventricular fibrillation.
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Seijiro HARA, Mitsuo MATSUMURA, Motohiko UEDA
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
439-449
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
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The effects of the endogenous pressor agents noradrenaline (NA), and angiotensin II (Ang II), and of the hypotensive agents acetylcholine (ACh) and adenosine (ADS), on blood pressure and heart rate in conscious and unrestrained stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) of different ages (4-9 weeks old) were investigated. Pressor responses to NA were enhanced in 7- and 9- week-old SHR-SP compared with those in WKY, but pressor responses to Ang II in SHR-SP were not different from those in WKY at all ages. The bradycardias following pressor responses to NA and Ang II were markedly attenuated in SHR-SP, especially older ones. Hypotensive responses to ACh were enhanced in SHR-SP, particularly at 9 weeks of age. However, hypotensive responses to ADS were attenuated in SHR-SP, especially at 7 weeks of age. Transient fall of heart rate due to ADS was also attenuated in 7- and 9- week-old SHR-SP. These alterations of hemodynamic or cardiovascular responses in SHR-SP became more evident in the established stages of hypertension.
These results suggest intimate relationships of the enhanced pressor responses to NA, attenuated bradycardias following pressor effects with NA or Ang II, and the attenuated hypotensive responses to ADS with the development or the maintenance of hypertension in SHR-SP.
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Ashok Kumar TIWARI, Jagdish D. GODE, Govind Prasad DUBEY
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
451-458
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
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An experimental, placebo-controlled study with rabbits was conducted to determine the role of Abana, an Ayurvedic preparation, on atherosclerosis. The results showed that Abana arrested the rise in TC, LDLc and VLDLc when administered along with an atherogenic diet for 60 days. In another phase of the study, when Abana was given from days 60-120 to rabbits who were made hyperlipidemic by feeding them an atherogenic diet for 60 days, Abana brought the TC, LDLc and VLDLc levels back to normal. On the other hand, the levels of the cardioprotective HDLc were elevated by Abana administration in both phases of the study.
Histological pictures showed pronounced reduction in the atherosclerotic involvement of the coronary artery following treatment with Abana. The architecture of the coronary artery returned almost to normal.
These findings substantiate the possible role of Abana in the reduction, prevention and reversal of atherosclerosis.
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Ruben D. Bunag
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
470-471
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
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F.O. Simpson
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
472-473
Published: 1993
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Takashi Nakamura, Toshiro Kuribayashi, Tomotaka Shima, Kinya Matsubara ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
474
Published: 1993
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Hideaki Yanagisawa, Takeshi Tsutsumi, Yukei Higashi, Masahiko Kondo, I ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
475
Published: 1993
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Yukihiro Hojo, Hitoshi Ebata, Uichi Ikeda, Yoshio Tsuruya, Takashi Nat ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
476
Published: 1993
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Noboru Saito, Grace C. Abbu, Toshio Ozawa, Yuko Konishi
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
477
Published: 1993
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Yoshio Ohta, Yang Gong Ming, Tsuneyuki Suzuki, Kozo Okamoto
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
478
Published: 1993
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Tomoko Yamada, Yoshimasa Okazaki, Masashi Yasuba, Yoshinobu Masuda
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
479
Published: 1993
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Manabu Yoshimura, Hakuo Takahashi, Tadashi Nakanishi, Naohisa Fujita, ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
480
Published: 1993
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Yuji Otsuka, Nobuhisa Yamamoto, Tatsuya Okabe, Toshio Kushiro, Katsuo ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
481
Published: 1993
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Hiroshi Ogawa, Sukenari Sasagawa, Tetsuo Murakami, Hazime Yoshizumi, S ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
482
Published: 1993
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Hiroshi Ogawa, Sukenari Sasagawa, Tetsuo Murakami, Hazime Yoshizumi, S ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
483
Published: 1993
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Mikinori Torii, Hiroyuki Ito, Tsuneyuki Suzuki
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
484
Published: 1993
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Toshiaki Sato, Yasuo Nara, Yuzuru Kato, Yukio Yamori
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
485
Published: 1993
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Yoshihiro Ogawa, Kazuwa Nakao, Osamu Nakagawa, Naohisa Tamura, Hiroo I ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
486
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Hitoshi Yagisawa, Hisao Tanase, Hiroshi Nojima
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
487
Published: 1993
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Yoshiyu Takeda, Takashi Yoneda, Isamu Miyamori, Ryoyu Takeda
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
488
Published: 1993
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Toshio Kumai, Yoshiko Masubuchi, Masami Tanaka, Minoru Watanabe, Masan ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
489
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Yoshiko Masubuchi, Toshio Kumai, Masami Tanaka, Minoru Watanabe, Masan ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
490
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Takashi Yamasaki, Takeshi Negishi, Kazuko Fujimoto, Takeshi Suzuki, Ko ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
491
Published: 1993
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Hiroshi Shirai, Yuichi Sato, Kazuaki Kuroda, Yasuhiro Akamine, Tatsuha ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
492
Published: 1993
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Takuya Matsuo, Takahide Kihara, Takashi Tanimura
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
493
Published: 1993
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Kazushi Tsuda, Seiko Tsuda, Ichiro Nishio, Yoshiaki Masuyama, Menek Go ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
494
Published: 1993
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Takeshi Takami, Hiroyuki Ito, Tsuneyuki Suzuki
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
495
Published: 1993
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Yumi TAKEMOTO
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
496
Published: 1993
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Keiji Hara, Hiroshi Kawamura, Masahiro Maki, Hiromi Mitsubayashi, Kenk ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
497
Published: 1993
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Toshiyuki Takesako, Kazuo Takeda, Tadao Kuwahara, Tatsuo Yoshitomi, Yu ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
498
Published: 1993
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Shang Jin Shi, Koichi Higashimori, Jitsuo Higaki, Hiroshi Mikami, Tosh ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
499
Published: 1993
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The Investigation Using 5/6 Nephrectomized Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat Model
Katsuhiko Kohara, Hiroshi Mikami, Naoki Okuda, Jitsuo Higaki, Toshio O ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
500
Published: 1993
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Nobuyuki Oda, Yasundo Yamasaki, Yoshihisa Nozawa, Akihiro Haruno, Naos ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
501
Published: 1993
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Effects of ACE inhibitor
Masato Morita, Mitsumasa Ohyanagi, Aya Miyoshi, Tadaaki Iwasaki
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
502
Published: 1993
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Kyoko Kaneko, Kazuo Yamamoto, Fumiko Sasaki, Satoru Sunano
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
503
Published: 1993
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De-guan GU, Katsumi IKEDA, Yasuo NARA, Yukio YAMORI
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
504
Published: 1993
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Kazuo Yamamoto, Keiichi Shimamura, Satoru Sunano
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
505
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Katsumi IKEDA, Oscar G. JR. GUTIERREZ, Yasuo NARA, Yukio YAMORI
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
506
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Isao Kohno, Hajime Honma, Takao Komaya, Takamichi Nakamura, Kohji Tamu ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
507
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Mari Kondo, Daizaburo Shimizu, Takashi Fujiwara, Tatsuhiko Miyazaki, M ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
508
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Kazuo Mori, Shunji Asakura, Norifumi Morikawa, Masaharu Takeyama, Hiro ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
509
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Tomoe Nakata, Sadayuki Sato, Souichirou Sekiya, Takeshi Tsutsumi, Hiro ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
510
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Hirofumi Osada, Yanshi Hou, Desheng S. Men, Takeshi Tsutsumi, Hideaki ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
511
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Naoya Hamaue, Masaru Minami, Yoshiki Kanamaru, Mamiko Togashi, Toru En ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
512
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Noboru Saito, Teruhiko Okada, Shoji Nishiyama
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
513
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Yoh Hamada, Toshifumi Otori, Takaaki Chikugo, Yoshio Ohta, Tuneyuki Su ...
1993 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages
514
Published: 1993
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