Japanese Heart Journal
Online ISSN : 1348-673X
Print ISSN : 0021-4868
ISSN-L : 0021-4868
Volume 12, Issue 3
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
  • Isao SAKASHITA, Tetsunosuke MATSUKAWA, Takeshi ANDO, Ken-ichi ASANO
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 205-213
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Micro- and electron microscopic findings obtained from the specimens of VSD, infundibular pulmonary stenosis, and tetralogy of Fallot with and without an advanced stage revealed a serial alterations from control architecture to so-called dystrophy of the cardiac muscle cell. Marked changes of these diseases were noted in thickness and cross sectional areas in respective longitudinal and cross section profiles, and also between contractile-myofibrils and non-contractile -mitochondria, glycogen particles- components.
    However, because of congenital pathologic conditions of the specimens, demonstrations in this series would be limited to explain exact transformation from control to dystrophy.
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  • Tatsuo SATO, Iwao ONO, Yukio MIURA, Kaoru YOSHINAGA
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 214-220
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Seven patients with paroxysmal type of pheochromocytoma were studied from the diagnostic point of view, because diagnosis of this type of pheochromocytoma may be difficult if the patient was seen during attackfree period. Comparison of catecholamine levels in timed urine specimens before and after histamine test was made. A clear increase of catecholamine excretion was found after histamine provocation, however, significantly high concentration of the amine was observed in all normotensive control urine specimens. Histamine test was hazardous and tyramine test was less valuable as a provocation test in patient with paroxysmal type. From these findings, we concluded that no more provocation test was necessary for the screening purpose. Catecholamine assay using 1 hour urine specimen could be valuable for establishing the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, because of its accuracy and safety.
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  • Kikuo MACHIDA, Elliot RAPAPORT
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 221-232
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The hemodynamic effects of acute pulmonary embolism were studied in 13 pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs (19.1 to 27.2Kg). Pulmonary embolism was produced by injections of 1-8ml. of a 33% barium sulfate emulsion into the right ventricle. Observations were made before and 10-15min. after each of several injections. Cardiac output, stroke volume, left ventricular systolic pressure, aortic mean pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular end-diastolic volume fell following repeated pulmonary embolization. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure did not change significantly; thus, left ventricular end-diastolic distensi-bility diminished. Peak circumferential-shortening rate of the left ventricle normalized as rate per unit length of circumference remained unchanged in spite of a decrease in developed force. Left ventricular stroke work for any given end-diastolic volume in each animal following pulmonary embolization fell below the regression line for the control state. We conclude that repeated acute pulmonary embolization impairs left ventricular contractility.
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  • Yasumi UCHIDA, Kazuaki KAMISAKA, Hideo UEDA
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 233-241
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Two types of the afferent impulses were recorded in the renal nerves of the mongrel dogs; the ones of low voltage, spontaneously discharging and of slowly adapting units (type A), and the others of higher voltage and threshold, not spontaneously discharging and of rapidly adapting units (type B). Type A impulses consisted of the ones of irregularly discharging and those of regularly discharging at each ascent of intrarenal pressure waves. Type A impulses increased or decreased concomitantly with intrarenal pressure on changing the pressure to different directions from either renal arterial or venous pressures. On the other hand, type B impulses appeared transiently at the fall or rise in the pressure.
    The discharges of type B, elicited by elevating intrarenal pressure perfusing Ringer's solution into the pelvis, to abnormally high levels, disap-peared on reducing intrarenal pressure by occluding the renal artery whilst elevating venous pressure.
    In conclusions, the renal mechanoreceptors of both types were excited by mechanically induced alterations in intrarenal pressure.
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  • Seizo YAMASHITA
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 242-250
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Normally fed rats were orally given 15ml./Kg. of sake, shochu, whisky, 20% ethanol and 40% ethanol for 11 weeks through a stomach tube. However, no abnormalities in electrocardiogram and cardiac histology were noticed and the necessity of longer alcohol administration experiments became evident.
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  • Especially from Coagulative and Fibrinolytic Studies
    Hiroshi HASEGAWA, Naoyoshi WATANABE, Nobuo WATANABE, Hironobu KAKIZAKI ...
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 251-262
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Attempts were made to clarify the mechanism with which the pulmonary infarction occurs, from coagulofibrinolytic point of view.
    The following results were obtained:
    (1) Pulmonary infarction could be produced at such a high rate as 74.4% through infusion of blood clots 2 days after intravenous injection of Lycopodium spores, when the coagulation activity was on the highest grade and the fibrinolytic activity was on the lowest grade.
    (2) Severe hemorrhage was observed in the post-mortem examination of the lungs 24 to 48 hours after infusion of the blood clots. The embolus remained thereafter, but the hemorrhage tended to diminish.
    (3) Consumption of coagulative factors and fibrinolytic factors was observed in the pulmonary venous blood than in the pulmonary arterial blood 3 hours after infusion of blood clots. Consumption of the coagula-tive and fibrinolytic factors and increase of F.D.P. were observed 12 to 24 hours after the infusion, although there were more or less differences depending upon experimental methods.
    (4) Consumption of free-type activator, increase of bond-type activator, and formation of marked focal lysis ring examined by means of fibrinolysis autograph were observed in tissue samples examined 24 to 48 hours after the infusion of blood clots.
    (5) It was assumed that a close relationship exists between the production of pulmonary infarction and the disorders of the coagulation-fibrinolytic system, especially the fibrinolytic factors including those in the blood and tissue samples, mainly examined around 24 hours after infusion of blood clots.
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  • Experimental Study and Theoretical Rationale
    Yongshi CHYONG, Isamu MIURA, Bassir RAMEZ, Shigeru MIURA, Nobuyuki KAB ...
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 263-274
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We propose A.R.B.P. as a means for treatment of acute myocardial infarction, severe angina pectoris and impending myocardial infarction. We have studied the effect of Aortic Root Balloon Pumping on experimental cardiogenic shock. On the basis of these limited study, we believe that aortic root balloon pumping can play the therapeutic role required for the treatment of coronary circulatory failure which develops early in the course of acute myocardial infarction.21)
    This variation of balloon pumping is superior to counterpulsation and other balloon pumping procedure, when absolute increase in coronary flow is the sole intention.
    The dramatic effect on experimentally induced cardiogenic shock supports our belief that 1) the A.R.B.P. provides the pressure gradient required to overcome the collaterals critical opening pressure and thus 2) it establishes circulation through these channels to the ischemic area, fast, before irreversible pathological changes occur.
    A.R.B.P. fills the time lag and in contrast to drug therapy, it resolves the contradictory role which the hemodynamic and the metabolic factors come to play in the course of acute myocardial infarction. This would check the start of the vicious cycle which would otherwise set in.
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  • Akio EBIHARA, B.L. MARTZ
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 275-280
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A cuff and tail microphonic method (Friedman-Freed's technique) was applied to determine the systolic blood pressure of unanesthetized mice. It ranged from 94 to 132mm.Hg with a mean of 109mm.Hg. Chronic hypertension and hypertensive cardiovascular changes were induced in mice by a) constriction of unilateral renal artery with contralateral nephrectomy (Goldblatt), b) complete ligation of a branch of unilateral artery with contralateral nephrectomy (Loomis), c) unilateral adrenal enucleation with contralateral nephrectomy and adrenalectomy plus salt (Skelton), and by d) desoxycorticosterone acetate plus salt.
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  • Toyomi SANO, Fumio SUZUKI, Hiromichi TSUCHIHASHI
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 281-289
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Histological determination was made on the preparations from the rabbit heart presumed to be bypass tracts by the previous functional study. As the first bypass tract a muscle strip composed of the apparently ordinary cardiac muscle was found to leave the right atrium and reach the bundle of His at or near the bifurcation, bypassing the A-V node. As the second bypass tract a bundle of apparently ordinary cardiac muscle fibers leaves the lateral wall of the right atrium above the A-V groove, descending and reaching the lateral wall of the right ventricle. A part of the third bypass tract was found below the right atrium close to the interatrial septum and its terminal part was found to enter the left side of the A-V node anterior to the ordinary atrio-nodal connection.Since its middle part could not be differentiated clearly from the ordinary atrial muscle fibers, the histological confirmation is not considered to be complete as yet, as far as the third bypass tract is concerned.
    These histological findings explain the short P-R interval and the almost normal ventricular complex of the first bypass conduction, the short P-R interval and the abnormal configuration of the ventricular complex of the second bypass conduction, and the long P-R interval and normal ventricular complex of the third bypass conduction. As additional functional findings the short P-R interval of the first bypass was found to show relatively constant values in spite of the change in the stimulus frequency and the longer than normal P-R interval of the third bypass to decrease at first and increase markedly later as the stimulus frequency was increased.
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  • Kailash PRASAD, Shailini SINGH, John C. CALLAGHAN
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 290-304
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effects of extracellular potassium chloride concentrations (0, 2, 4, 4.6, 5, and 8 mM.) on simultaneously recorded transmembrane action potentials and contractions of human papillary muscle were investigated. In a potassium-free solution the early changes observed were a shortening of the action potential duration (APD) at the 25% level of repolariza-tion, and no change or a slight increase in the APD at the 90% level of repolarization. A temporal relation between the shortening of the APD at the 25% and 50% levels of repolarization and an increase in the force of contraction was observed. A direct relation between the increase in extracellular potassium concentration and an increase in the APD as-sociated with a corresponding decrease in the force of contraction was observed. Ouabain (10-9 and 10-8 M.) produced a shortening of the APD and an increase in the contraction similar to KCl-free solution. Ouabain was ineffective in producing its effects on the muscles prein-cubated in KCl-free solution. Exposure of ouabain treated muscles to a KCl-free solution containing ouabain resulted in a small increase in the contraction and a small shortening of the APD of the muscles. The combined effects of ouabain and KCl-free solution were not greater than the effects of a KCl-free solution alone. It is suggested that the changes in APD and force of contraction might be associated with potassium or oua-bain-induced changes in the adenosinetriphosphatase activity of the heart muscle.
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  • Shin-ichiro OHKAWA, Masaya SUGIURA, Tateo IIZUKA, Hiroyuki SHIMADA, Ry ...
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 305-315
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Three cases of idiopathic cardiomegaly in the aged (64, 82 and 73 years old) were presented. All of them were male and had the common finding of cardiac enlargement of unknown etiology, terminating in refractory heart failure. They showed hypertrophy and degeneration of the myocardium with a peculiar accumulation of focal myocardial fibrosis and endocardial fibroelastosis in the posterior wall of the left ventricle. Overdosage of norepinephrine (Case 1), positive serologic test for syphilis (Case 2) and associated mitral insufficiency (Case 3) might give some modifications to the original myocardial disease. A study of the conduction system revealed degenerative changes similar to the myocardium, which caused the left bundle branch block in Case 2.
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  • Edward K. CHUNG, H. Michael DEAN
    1971 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 316-323
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This case report concerns a patient with right atrial myxoma who had few features to suggest this diagnosis before cardiac catheterization. Fifteen days after successful removal of the tumor she developed an acute anterior myocardial infarction. Her convalescence from this was complicated by various rhythm disturbances including left atrial rhythm and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Possible underlying causes which may have been responsible for the development of left atrial rhythm are discussed. The ventricular tachyarrhythmias did not respond to drug therapy but were immediately suppressed by rapid transvenous ventricular pacing.
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