Serum total cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides were determined in 43 cases with cerebrovascular diseases as well as 97 control cases and the following results were obtained.
(1) Control values of serum cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides were 189.5 (153-225), 179 (147-217) and 87.2 (65.7-116)mg./100ml. respectively, which did not seem to be affected by sex and age.
(2) Cerebrovascular diseases were divided into 3 groups, 3 cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage, 9 cases with cerebral hemorrhage, and 31 cases with cerebral infarction. The mean value of each lipid fraction was somewhat higher in every group than that in the control, however, only the increase in triglycerides in the group of cerebral infarction was statistically significant (p<0.001).
(3) Serum triglycerides level was significantly increased as time elapsed after the onset of stroke, however, such a trend was not demonstrated in regards with cholesterol and phospholipids. Triglycerides level was 98.4 (71-134) mg./100ml. within the first week, and increased to 120 (99-140)mg./100ml. within a month, at which level was maintained for 12 months thereafter.
We are indebted to Misses Hisako Koga and Shizuko Samejima for their technical assistance.

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(1) Chromatography with citrated ethanol saline system displayed lipids at the origin, only when chromatograms of samples of acid polysaccharides plus plasma were run on filter papers. They were absent from preparations of acid polysaccharides and serum.
(2) Frozen sections of unfixed human aortae were treated with a fluorescein-coupled rabbit anti-human-fibrin serum to identify fibrin. Adjacent sections were treated with a fluorescent-coupled rabbit anti-human-β-lipoprotein serum. A striking feature throughout is the constancy with which the fluorescein-labelled anti-fibrin serum was concentrated in the same areas as the major collections of the fluorescent-coupled anti-β-lipoprotein serum.
It is suggested that fibrinogen enhances the deposition of lipid complexes from abnormally lipaemic sera.

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(1) Cardiac output and the blood content indices of the several parts of the body were measured in 18 subjects including patients with various diseases using external radioisotope counting techniques. Changes in these 2 parameters induced by standing were compared with each other.
(2) Average changes in blood distribution produced by standing were as follows. Decrease in blood content in the "lung" (-25 %) and in the "heart" (-26%) and increase in the "thigh" (+56%) were statistically significant. No significant change was revealed in the "head", "palm", "liver" and "abdomen".
(3) Cardiac output and stroke volume decreased by standing in most of the cases. Recent data were added to those reported previously and were treated statistically. Average decrease in cardiac output was -13% in 6 control cases, -35% in 16 cases with neurocirculatory asthenia and -35% in 10 cases with hyperthyroidism. The difference was significant between control and neurocirculatory asthenia. Standing induced a substantial increase in cardiac output in a case of idiopathic nodal rhythm, although there remains a doubt whether it is the ordinary response in this disease.
(4) Significant linear correlation was revealed between per cent change of blood content in the "thigh" or in the "lung" and that of cardiac output or stroke volume induced by standing. Minimal blood shift was observed when the latter was extreme, and vice versa. This implies as follows : reactivity of the heart might be influenced by posture, and transmural pressure of veins and/or capillaries is probably adjusted, as in arterioles, to compensate for changes in cardiac output.

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A method of determination of intracranial circulation by external counting of radioisotope following injection of RISA into the cubital vein was described. Although this procedure was not completed in its methodology, its simplicity as well as its sensitivity for detecting hemodynamic changes were considered to be of much benefit for clinical use. As the parameters for cerebral circulation, transit time (TT), which was considered equal to brain circulation time, rate of degree of ascending slope to height of the plateau (Tan A)/P, arm brain circulation time (ABCT), cranial blood volume (CBV) and cranial blood flow (CBF) were obtained in each hemisphere.
(1) Mean values and their distributions (1.96σ) of each parameter for cerebral circulation obtained in 13 control cases were as follows : TT of 9.0±2.1sec. in the left and 8.7±2.8sec. in the right hemisphere, Tan A/P of 1.06±0.37, ABCT of 14.4±4.2sec., CBV of 235±85ml., and CBF of 1, 600±580ml./min.
(2) In 22 cases with cerebral hemorrhge and cerebral infarction, one or more of the following abnormalities were observed in 16 cases : a prolongation of TT and/or of ABCT and decrease in Tan A and/or in CBF, however, CBV remained within normal limits except in I case associated with polycythemia vera in which it was significantly increased. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a complete occlusion of left middle cerebral artery and a marked narrowing of left internal carotid artery in 2 cases with a significant decrease in CBF on the affected side.
(3) An increase in CBF and CBV was noted on the affected side in 2 cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to A-V malformation.
(4) Several factors involved in possible sources of error in this procedure and requirements for further study were discussed.

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(1) A cattle of 3-year-age with WPW syndrome was reported. This case showed 3 different characteristics in electrocardiograms.
(2) Modes of ventricular conduction were analysed by multiple chest leads and intracardiac leads. In anomalous pattern the main direction of ventricular excitation was directed from right-basal to left-apical, contrary to the normal one with apical-basal direction.
(3) The origin of premature ventricular excitation seemed to be located at the region nearby the right ventricular base.

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As there is no definite standard on the treatment dosage of thiamine for beriberi heart we carried on experiments on thiamine deficient rats.
(1) Vitacampher and norepinephrine had hardly any effect on electrocardiographic changes.
(2) Each dose of thiamine showed marked effect until the 4th week of first-time thiamine deficiency but after the 5th week there was a difference in the effectiveness. Even a quite large dose had no effect on greatly emaciated rats in the final stage.
(3) From these findings, it became clear that thiamine effect is remarkable in the mainly functional disturbance stage but it is less effective in organic disturbance stage. That is, thiamine effect depends on the degree of myocardial lesions.
(4) We tried a new experimental method to study the treatment doses of thiamine for beriberi heart ; repetition method of thiamine deficiency and cure by single thiamine injection.
(5) There was hardly any noticeable difference between the curative effect of small dosage and of large dosage until the 3rd-time thiamine deficiency. However, after the 5th-time deficiency unless the dosage was as large as 0.2 to 0.5mg. (when calculated in terms of human dosage this amounts to several hundreds mg.) it had no curative effect.
(6) From the above experiments we were able to determine the following :
a) Small dosage of thiamine (several mg. to about 10mg. daily) is probably enough for mild or new beriberi heart.
b) For repeated chronic or severe beriberi heart quite large doses (several hundreds mg. a day) should be given parenterally immediately. Corresponding to the degree of improvement thiamine dosage can be gradually decreased to about several tens mg. daily.
c) For far advanced beriberi heart with great myocardial changes, any large doses of thiamine will have no effect.

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Five cases of double A-V nodal rhythm have been discussed in detail and the relevant literature has been reviewed. Double A-V nodal rhythm was thought to be due to digitalis intoxication during digitalis therapy for congestive failure in 4 cases.

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A case of reticulosarcomatosis which caused the complete atrioventricular dissociation and was relieved by steroid and the precordial irradiation of Co⁶⁰ was presented. These mechanisms were discussed with the clinical and pathological findings. The effect of the irradiation to the cardiac tumor was stressed with the review of the literature.

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